Abstract:
:The biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon pollutants is constrained, in part, by their solid physical state and very low water solubility. Searching for ways to overcome these limitations, we isolated from soil a bacterium capable of growing on pyrene as a sole source of carbon and energy. Acid-fast stain, morphology, and fatty acid profile identified it as a Mycobacterium sp. In a mineral salts solution, the isolate mineralized 50% of a 250-(mu)g/ml concentration of [(sup14)C]pyrene in 2 to 3 days. Detergent below the critical micelle concentration increased the pyrene mineralization rate to 154%, but above the critical micelle concentration, the detergent severely inhibited pyrene mineralization. The water-miscible solvent polyethylene glycol was inhibitory. The hydrophobic solvents heptamethylnonane, decalin, phenyldecane, and diphenylmethane were also inhibitory at several concentrations tested, but the addition of paraffin oil, squalene, squalane, tridecylcyclohexane, and cis-9-tricosene at 0.8% (vol/vol) doubled pyrene mineralization rates by the Mycobacterium sp. without being utilized themselves. The Mycobacterium sp. was found to have high cell surface hydrophobicity and adhered to the emulsified solvent droplets that also contained the dissolved pyrene, facilitating its mass transfer to the degrading bacteria. Cells physically adhering to solvent droplets metabolized pyrene 8.5 times as fast as cells suspended in the aqueous medium. An enhanced mass transfer of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon compounds to microorganisms by suitable hydrophobic solvents might allow the development of solvent-augmented biodegradation techniques for use in aqueous or slurry-type bioreactors.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Jimenez IY,Bartha Rdoi
10.1128/AEM.62.7.2311-2316.1996keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
2311-6issue
7eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We report here the cloning and sequencing of the gene for proline dehydrogenase (putA) of Bradyrhizobium japonicum. An open reading frame coding for 1,016 amino acids was identified. The B. japonicum gene codes for a bifunctional protein with proline dehydrogenase and pyrroline-5-carboxylate (P5C) dehydrogenase activi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.1.221-229.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Minimally processed fresh produce has been implicated as a major source of foodborne microbial pathogens globally. These pathogens must attach to the produce in order to be transmitted. Cut surfaces of produce that expose cell walls are particularly vulnerable. Little is known about the roles that different structural...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02609-15
更新日期:2015-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::A nonmotile, gram-positive, spherical organism was isolated from the intestinal tracts of rabbits. Both hydrogen and methanol were required for growth. No methane was produced from hydrogen-carbon dioxide, formate, acetate, methylamines, ethanol, or isopropanol. The optimum pH was 6.8, and the optimum temperature was ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.3.768-771.1988
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultrasonic determination of microbial population was carried out by using a new apparatus composed of two piezoelectric membranes. When the apparatus was immersed in a medium containing cells and an arbitrary voltage was charged on a piezoelectric membrane, an output voltage was obtained from the other membrane. T...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.42.4.632-637.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae is a reemerging pathogen which causes bacterial canker of kiwifruit (Actinidia sp.). Since 2008, a global outbreak of P. syringae pv. actinidiae has occurred, and in 2010 this pathogen was detected in New Zealand. The economic impact and the development of resistance in P. syringae ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00062-14
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pellet softening reactors are used in centralized and decentralized drinking water treatment plants for the removal of calcium (hardness) through chemically induced precipitation of calcite. This is accomplished in fluidized pellet reactors, where a strong base is added to the influent to increase the pH and facilitat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02068-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fecal coliforms and enterococci are indicator organisms used worldwide to monitor water quality. These bacteria are used in microbial source tracking (MST) studies, which attempt to assess the contribution of various host species to fecal pollution in water. Ideally, all strains of a given indicator organism (IO) woul...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.6.3041-3048.2005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium strains were screened for their ability to produce melanin. Pigment producers (Mel) were found among strains of R. leguminosarum biovars viceae, trifolii, and phaseoli, R. meliloti, and R. fredii; none of 19 Bradyrhizobium strains examined gave a positive response. Melanin produc...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.7.1812-1817.1988
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of Escherichia coli O157 associated with feedlot cattle in Saskatchewan was determined in a 10-month longitudinal study (3 feedlots) and a point prevalence study (20 feedlots). The prevalence of E. coli O157 at the three different sites in the horizontal study varied from 2.5 to 45%. The point prevalenc...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02791-05
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey was made to detect the sensitivity of 12 yeast genera to T-2 toxin. Seventy-five yeasts isolated from various sources were tested for their susceptibility to T-2 toxin. The MIC of T-2 for these yeasts varied from 1.0 to greater than 8.0 micrograms/ml. Of the yeasts studied, Kluyveromyces fragilis showed the g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.48.2.416-419.1984
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vegetative mycelia and spores of the investigated high- and low-producer strains of Streptomyces griseus bound significant amounts (4%) of streptomycin, which could be removed by increasing ionic strength. The release of antibiotic from the spores was easier when the spores were germinating. This phenomenon is conside...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.50.2.438-440.1985
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::To study the impact of solar UV radiation (UVR) (280 to 400 nm) on the filamentous cyanobacterium Arthrospira (Spirulina) platensis, we examined the morphological changes and photosynthetic performance using an indoor-grown strain (which had not been exposed to sunlight for decades) and an outdoor-grown strain (which ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.9.5004-5013.2005
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported the isolation of a 21.5-kb genomic DNA fragment from Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP, which contains the atzA gene, encoding the first metabolic step for the degradation of the herbicide atrazine (M. de Souza, L. P. Wackett, K. L. Boundy-Mills, R. T. Mandelbaum, and M. J. Sadowsky, Appl. Environ. Mic...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.3.916-923.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A negative enrichment procedure was developed which was capable of isolating Legionella pneumophila directly from seeded air-conditioning cooling tower water onto laboratory media. This procedure was based on an 8-h incubation under conditions that were bactericidal to the indigenous water microflora but merely bacter...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.40.4.849-851.1980
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A repeated cross-sectional study was conducted to identify farm management, environment, weather, and landscape factors that predict the count of generic Escherichia coli on spinach at the preharvest level. E. coli was enumerated for 955 spinach samples collected on 12 farms in Texas and Colorado between 2010 and 2012...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03793-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen whose survival in food processing environments may be associated with its tolerance to desiccation. To probe the molecular mechanisms used by this bacterium to adapt to desiccation stress, a transposon library of 11,700 L. monocytogenes mutants was screened, using a micro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01134-15
更新日期:2015-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The gene encoding serine alkaline protease (SapSh) of the psychrotrophic bacterium Shewanella strain Ac10 was cloned in Escherichia coli. The amino acid sequence deduced from the 2,442-bp nucleotide sequence revealed that the protein was 814 amino acids long and had an estimated molecular weight of 85,113. SapSh exhib...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.2.611-617.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A modified mariner transposon, miniHimar RB1, was generated to mutagenize cells of the metal-reducing bacterium Shewanella oneidensis. The use of this transposon led to the isolation of stable mutants and allowed rapid identification of disrupted genes. Fifty-eight mutants, including BG104 and BG148 with transposon in...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.8.4935-4937.2005
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactobacillus gasseri ATCC 33323, Lactobacillus salivarius subsp. salivarius UCC 118, and Lactobacillus casei ATCC 334 contain one (LgaI), four (Sal1, Sal2, Sal3, Sal4), and one (Lca1) distinguishable prophage sequences, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed that LgaI, Lca1, Sal1, and Sal2 prophages belong to the g...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3130-3146.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytochrome P450 BM-3, a self-sufficient P450 enzyme from Bacillus megaterium that catalyzes the subterminal hydroxylation of long-chain fatty acids, has been engineered into a catalyst for the oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The activities of a triplet mutant (A74G/F87V/L188Q) towards naphthalene, fluor...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.12.5735-5739.2001
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found that a robust energy taxis response mediated by the Aer receptor can sometimes mask chemotaxis mediated by other methyl-accepting chemotaxis proteins (MCPs) in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We identified PA2652 as a chemoreceptor for malate by screening aer mcp double mutants by using swarm plate assays. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01898-07
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heterologous protein production can be doubled by increasing the copy number of the corresponding heterologous gene. We constructed a host-vector system in the yeast Kluyveromyces lactis that was able to induce copy number amplification of pKD1 plasmid-based vectors upon expression of an integrated copy of the plasmid...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.11.4808-4813.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific oxygen uptake rates [Q(02)] were highest when Candida 107 and Rhodotorula gracilis grew at their maximum dilution rates. In nitrogen-limited medium, which encourages lipid accumulation, Q(02) values of both yeasts decreased as the dilution rate was lowered. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.2.230-231.1977
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lytic action of glycerol and sucrose esters of fatty acids with different carbon chain lengths on the exponentially growing cells of Bacillus subtilis 168 was investigated. Of each series of esters, glycerol dodecanoate and sucrose hexadecanoate were the most active. Lysis at 1 h after the addition of 0.1 mM glyce...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.3.505-508.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A purified lipase from the yeast Cryptococcus sp. strain S-2 exhibited remote homology to proteins belonging to the cutinase family rather than to lipases. This enzyme could effectively degrade the high-molecular-weight compound polylactic acid, as well as other biodegradable plastics, including polybutylene succinate...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.11.7548-7550.2005
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flow cytometry, using fluorescein-bound specific antibodies and propidium iodide, was shown to be effective in detecting Legionella spp. in cooling tower waters. The procedure was quicker and less labor intensive than fluorescent microscopy. The use of these procedures also identified qualitative differences, perhaps ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.49.4.852-857.1985
更新日期:1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple, efficient procedure for removing lactic acid and for reducing nonprotein nitrogen and ash in lactic acid whey has been developed. The procedure consists of culturing Candida ingens on the whey. This organism could assimilate >98% of the lactic acid and approximately 40% of the nonprotein nitrogen. Ash reduct...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.35.4.771-776.1978
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria in the genus Streptomyces and its close relatives are prolific producers of secondary metabolites with antibiotic activity. Genome sequencing of these bacteria has revealed a rich source of potentially new antibiotic pathways, whose products have never been observed. Moreover, these new pathways can provide n...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02403-15
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 118 in vol. 43.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.43.4.975-975.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enrichment and isolation of thermophilic bacteria capable of rubber [poly(cis-1,4-isoprene)] degradation revealed eight different strains exhibiting both currently known strategies used by rubber-degrading mesophilic bacteria. Taxonomic characterization of these isolates by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis demonstr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3375-3382.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00