Abstract:
:The morphology and cellulases of Ruminococcus albus 8 were markedly affected by the inclusion of 3-phenylpropanoic acid (PPA) in a defined growth medium. PPA-grown bacteria produced substantial quantities of cell-bound cellulase, as well as a very high-molecular-weight extracellular enzyme and lesser amounts of two low-molecular-weight enzymes. PPA-deprived bacteria produced greater total amounts of cellulase, but all of it exists in soluble, low-molecular-weight forms. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that the availability of PPA did not affect the kinds of proteins produced, but the distribution of two major proteins between cells and supernatant was PPA dependent. These two proteins (85 and 102 kilodaltons) were primarily associated with the cells of PPA-grown bacteria but were found chiefly in the supernatants of PPA-deprived cultures. Examination of thin sections of PPA-grown R. albus 8 by transmission electron microscopy showed a lobed ruthenium red-staining capsule surrounding the cell wall, as well as small vesicular structures (diameter, 0.05 to 0.06 mum) which appeared to aggregate into larger spherical units (diameter, 0.2 to 0.3 mum). In contrast, thin sections of PPA-deprived cells were devoid of vesicles and showed little or no capsule surrounding the cells.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Stack RJ,Hungate REdoi
10.1128/AEM.48.1.218-223.1984keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-07-01 00:00:00pages
218-23issue
1eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Infections caused by Toxoplasma gondii are widely prevalent in animals and humans throughout the world. In the United States, an estimated 23% of adolescents and adults have laboratory evidence of T. gondii infection. T. gondii has been identified as a major opportunistic pathogen in immunocompromised individuals, in ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.10.5819-5825.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A molecular method based on restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of PCR-amplified fragments of the 23S rRNA gene was designed to rapidly identify Listeria strains to the species level. Two fragments (S1, 460 bp, and S2, 890 bp) were amplified from boiled DNA. S2 was cut with the restriction enzymes XmnI or ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.11.6386-6392.2003
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cells of a newly isolated environmental strain of Candida humicola accumulated 10-fold more polyphosphate (polyP), during active growth, when grown in complete glucose-mineral salts medium at pH 5.5 than when grown at pH 7.5. Neither phosphate starvation, nutrient limitation, nor anaerobiosis was required to induce po...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.9.4068-4073.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent declines in sea grass distribution underscore the importance of understanding microbial community structure-function relationships in sea grass rhizospheres that might affect the viability of these plants. Phospholipid fatty acid analyses showed that sulfate-reducing bacteria and clostridia were enriched in sed...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.11.5117-5123.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have reported high levels of fecal indicator enterococci in marine beach sand. This study aimed to determine the spatial and temporal variation of enterococcal abundance and to evaluate its relationships with microbial community parameters in Hawaii beach sand and water. Sampling at 23 beaches on the Is...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00135-13
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To ascertain the health risks that may be posed by the land application of sewage sludges, a scheme was devised to determine the types and numbers of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic bacteria present in sludges. A processing treatment was adapted to sludge to give a homogenate which yielded the greatest numbers o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.39.1.118-126.1980
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A collection of 300 isolates of fluorescent pseudomonads was established from Douglas fir-Laccaria bicolor mycorrhizas and mycorrhizosphere and from adjacent bulk soil. These isolates were first phenotypically characterized with the Biolog method. Taxonomic identification assigned 90% of the isolates to the different ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.5.1852-1860.1997
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dot blot hybridization procedure with 32P-labeled whole chromosomal DNA of the type strains as probes was developed as a rapid and simple method for identification of intestinal Bacteroides species. Bacterial cells were fixed onto membrane filters by slight suction, treated with 0.5 N NaOH, and hybridized with these...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.5.1158-1162.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trichoderma species isolated from water-damaged buildings were screened for toxicity by using boar sperm cells as indicator cells. The crude methanolic cell extract from Trichoderma harzianum strain ES39 inhibited the boar sperm cell motility at a low exposure concentration (50% effective concentration, 1 to 5 microg ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.8.4996-5004.2004
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this report, we describe the identification of functions that promote genomic recombination of linear DNA introduced into Pseudomonas cells by electroporation. The genes encoding these functions were identified in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a based on similarity to the lambda Red Exo/Beta and RecET prote...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00911-10
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first description, to our knowledge, of the distribution of human polyomavirus and simian virus 40 (SV40) in urban sewage. Using a nested-PCR procedure, we report the detection of human polyomaviruses JC virus (JCV) and BK virus (BKV) but not SV40 in a high percentage of urban sewage samples obtained from ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.1.238-245.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the efficiency of methane and ammonium for stimulating trichloroethylene (TCE) biodegradation in groundwater microcosms (flasks and batch exchange columns) at a psychrophilic temperature (12 degrees C) typical of shallow aquifers in the northern United States or a mesophilic temperature (24 deg...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.10.3866-3871.1997
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The S85 type strain of Fibrobacter succinogenes, a major ruminal fibrolytic species, was isolated 49 years ago from a bovine rumen and has been used since then as a model for extensive studies. To assess the validity of this model, we compared the cellulase- and xylanase-degrading activities of several other F. succin...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.4.2172-2179.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The natural abundance of stable carbon isotopes measured in bacterial nucleic acids extracted from estuarine bacterial concentrates was used to trace sources of organic matter for bacteria in aquatic environments. The stable carbon isotope ratios of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and nucleic acids extracted from cultures rese...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.7.2012-2020.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norwalk virus and other human caliciviruses (noroviruses) are major agents of gastroenteritis, and water is a major route of their transmission. In an effort to control Norwalk virus in drinking water, Norwalk virus reduction by bench-scale ozone disinfection was determined using quantitative reverse transcription (RT...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.7.3975-3978.2003
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bile salt hydrolase activity in intestinal homogenates reflects composite activities of the gastrointestinal microbial consortia. We have proposed that specific transformations of conjugated bile acids by the intestinal microflora result in the production of metabolites which depress the growth of poultry. The inf...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.54.2.337-342.1988
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A beta-1,3-galactosyl-N-acetylhexosamine phosphorylase (GalGlyNAcP) homolog gene was cloned from Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6. In synthetic reactions, the recombinant enzyme acted only with GlcNAc and GalNAc as acceptors in the presence of alpha-d-galactose-1-phosphate as a donor to form lacto-N-biose I (LNB) (Galbeta1 -->...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02846-07
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A beta-tubulin gene from a UV-irradiated benomyl-resistant mutant of Fusarium moniliforme was isolated, cloned, and sequenced. The gene encodes a 446-amino-acid polypeptide with homology to other fungal beta-tubulins. RNA blot analysis showed expression of the gene during vegetative growth and conidial germination but...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.8.3053-3056.1996
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae can shift to a "rugose" phenotype, thereby producing copious exopolysaccharide (EPS), which promotes its environmental survival and persistence. We report conditions that promote high-frequency rugose EPS production (HFRP), whereby cells switch at high frequency (up to 80%) to rugose EPS production. HF...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.11.5773-5778.2002
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Light-dependent regulation of cell cycle progression in the marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus strain WH-8101 was demonstrated through the use of flow cytometry. Our results show that, similar to eucaryotic cells, marine Synechococcus spp. display two gaps in DNA synthesis, at the beginning and at the end of the cell...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.2.425-432.1989
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fermentation of the pentose sugar xylose to ethanol in lignocellulosic biomass would make bioethanol production economically more competitive. Saccharomyces cerevisiae, an efficient ethanol producer, can utilize xylose only when expressing the heterologous genes XYL1 (xylose reductase) and XYL2 (xylitol dehydrogenase)...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.67.9.4249-4255.2001
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ammonia oxidation is a major process in nitrogen cycling, and it plays a key role in nitrogen limited soil ecosystems such as those in the arctic. Although mm-scale spatial dependency of ammonia oxidizers has been investigated, little is known about the field-scale spatial dependency of aerobic ammonia oxidation proce...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06132-11
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitation and detection of xylem-limited bacteria with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with a peroxidase conjugate is described. The use of the Trinder reagent (4-aminoantipyrine) allows the determination of extremely small quantities of peroxidase with no precipitate formation or inactivation of the enzyme by...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.46.2.344-347.1983
更新日期:1983-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the current work, we describe genome diversity and core genome sequences among representatives of three bifidobacterial species, i.e., Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium catenulatum, and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, by employing a polyphasic approach involving analysis of 16S rRNA gene and 16S-23S ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02467-12
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Miniaturized growth systems for heterogeneous culture collections are not only attractive in reducing demands for incubation space and medium but also in making the parallel handling of large numbers of strains more practicable. We report here on the optimization of oxygen transfer rates in deep-well microtiter plates...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.6.2641-2646.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::High numbers (10(7) to 10(10) cells per g [dry weight]) of heterotrophic, gram-negative, rod-shaped, non-sporeforming, aerobic, thermophilic bacteria related to the genus Thermus were isolated from thermogenic composts at temperatures between 65 and 82 degrees C. These bacteria were present in different types of waste...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.5.1723-1727.1996
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute gastroenteritis caused by human norovirus is a significant public health issue. Fresh produce and seafood are examples of high-risk foods associated with norovirus outbreaks. Food contact surfaces also have the potential to harbor noroviruses if exposed to fecal contamination, aerosolized vomitus, or infected fo...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02489-15
更新日期:2015-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the storage lipid poly-beta-hydroxybutyrate (PHB) in trichloroethylene transformation by methanotrophic mixed cultures was investigated. Naphthalene oxidation rates were used to assay for soluble methane monooxygenase activity. The PHB content of methanotrophic cells grown in reactors varied diurnally as w...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.5.1602-1606.1993
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium is an important heavy metal pollutant. For this study, we investigated the effects of cadmium exposure on the oxidative stress responses of Xanthomonas campestris, a soil and plant pathogenic bacterium. The exposure of X. campestris to low concentrations of cadmium induces cross-protection against subsequent k...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.4.1843-1849.2005
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sakacin A is an antilisterial bacteriocin produced by Lactobacillus sake Lb706. In order to identify genes involved in sakacin A production and immunity, the plasmid fraction of L. sake Lb706 was shotgun cloned directly into a sakacin A-nonproducing and -sensitive variant, L. sake Lb706-B, by using the broad-host-rang...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.9.2868-2875.1993
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00