AIDS restriction HLA allotypes target distinct intervals of HIV-1 pathogenesis.

abstract：:Sexual transmission is the most frequent (86%) route of adult HIV-1 transmission worldwide. In the absence of a prophylactic anti-HIV vaccine, other methods of preventing infection should be implemented. Virucidal spermicides have been considered for this purpose, but their application is contraindicated by adverse ef...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Neurath AR,Jiang S,Strick N,Lin K,Li YY,Debnath AK

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Idiopathic voiding disorders affect up to 10-15% of men and women. We describe bladder abnormalities in mice with targeted deletion of the gene for neuronal nitric oxide synthase which model the clinical disorders. The mice possess hypertrophic dilated bladders and dysfunctional urinary outlets which do not relax in r...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Burnett AL,Calvin DC,Chamness SL,Liu JX,Nelson RJ,Klein SL,Dawson VL,Dawson TM,Snyder SH

更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen-regulated protein 150 kD (ORP150) is a novel endoplasmic-reticulum-associated chaperone induced by hypoxia/ischemia. Although ORP150 was sparingly upregulated in neurons from human brain undergoing ischemic stress, there was robust induction in astrocytes. Cultured neurons overexpressing ORP150 were resistant t...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Tamatani M,Matsuyama T,Yamaguchi A,Mitsuda N,Tsukamoto Y,Taniguchi M,Che YH,Ozawa K,Hori O,Nishimura H,Yamashita A,Okabe M,Yanagi H,Stern DM,Ogawa S,Tohyama M

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the involvement of an evolutionarily conserved set of mycobacterial genes, the esx-3 region, in evasion of bacterial killing by innate immunity. Whereas high-dose intravenous infections of mice with the rapidly growing mycobacterial species Mycobacterium smegmatis bearing an intact esx-3 locus were rapidly l...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Sweeney KA,Dao DN,Goldberg MF,Hsu T,Venkataswamy MM,Henao-Tamayo M,Ordway D,Sellers RS,Jain P,Chen B,Chen M,Kim J,Lukose R,Chan J,Orme IM,Porcelli SA,Jacobs WR Jr

更新日期：2011-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a childhood premature aging disease caused by a spontaneous point mutation in lamin A (encoded by LMNA), one of the major architectural elements of the mammalian cell nucleus. The HGPS mutation activates an aberrant cryptic splice site in LMNA pre-mRNA, leading to synthes...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Scaffidi P,Misteli T

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral replication and microbial translocation from the gut to the blood during HIV infection lead to hyperimmune activation, which contributes to the decline in CD4+ T cell numbers during HIV infection. Programmed death-1 (PD-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are both upregulated during HIV infection. Blocking interaction...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Said EA,Dupuy FP,Trautmann L,Zhang Y,Shi Y,El-Far M,Hill BJ,Noto A,Ancuta P,Peretz Y,Fonseca SG,Van Grevenynghe J,Boulassel MR,Bruneau J,Shoukry NH,Routy JP,Douek DC,Haddad EK,Sekaly RP

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus is ubiquitous and is causally implicated in lymphoid and epithelial malignancies. Virus invades oropharyngeal mucosa and establishes latency in B lymphocytes. Reactivating lymphocytes shed virus into saliva for spread to new hosts. A complex of three virus glycoproteins, gH, gL and gp42, is essentia...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Borza CM,Hutt-Fletcher LM

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dendritic cells, the most potent antigen-presenting cells, need to be activated before they can function to initiate an immune response. We report here that, in the absence of any foreign substances, dendritic cells can be activated by endogenous signals received from cells that are stressed, virally infected or kille...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Gallucci S,Lolkema M,Matzinger P

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypothalamic brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key element in the regulation of energy balance. Here we investigated the therapeutic efficacy of BDNF by gene transfer in mouse models of obesity and diabetes. Gene transfer of BDNF led to marked weight loss and alleviation of obesity-associated insulin resis...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Cao L,Lin EJ,Cahill MC,Wang C,Liu X,During MJ

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neural tube defects (NTDs) spina bifida and anencephaly are widely prevalent severe birth defects. The mouse mutant curly tail (ct/ct) has served as a model of NTDs for 50 years, even though the responsible genetic defect remained unrecognized. Here we show by gene targeting, mapping and genetic complementation st...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ting SB,Wilanowski T,Auden A,Hall M,Voss AK,Thomas T,Parekh V,Cunningham JM,Jane SM

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper. ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： He X,Lau EHY,Wu P,Deng X,Wang J,Hao X,Lau YC,Wong JY,Guan Y,Tan X,Mo X,Chen Y,Liao B,Chen W,Hu F,Zhang Q,Zhong M,Wu Y,Zhao L,Zhang F,Cowling BJ,Li F,Leung GM

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Notch receptor signaling is implicated in controlling smooth muscle cell proliferation and in maintaining smooth muscle cells in an undifferentiated state. Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by excessive vascular resistance, smooth muscle cell proliferation in small pulmonary arteries, leading to elevati...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Li X,Zhang X,Leathers R,Makino A,Huang C,Parsa P,Macias J,Yuan JX,Jamieson SW,Thistlethwaite PA

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some individuals remain uninfected with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) despite multiple high-risk sexual exposures. We studied a cohort of 25 subjects with histories of multiple high-risk sexual exposures to HIV-1 and found that their CD8+ lymphocytes had greater anti-HIV-1 activity than did CD8+ lymphocy...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Paxton WA,Martin SR,Tse D,O'Brien TR,Skurnick J,VanDevanter NL,Padian N,Braun JF,Kotler DP,Wolinsky SM,Koup RA

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an important neurotransmitter that, through the subtype A GABA receptor (GABAAR), induces inhibition in the adult brain. Here we show that an excitatory, rather than inhibitory, GABAergic system exists in airway epithelial cells. Both GABAARs and the GABA synthetic enzyme glutamic aci...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Xiang YY,Wang S,Liu M,Hirota JA,Li J,Ju W,Fan Y,Kelly MM,Ye B,Orser B,O'Byrne PM,Inman MD,Yang X,Lu WY

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular-genetic imaging is advancing from a valuable preclinical tool to a guide for patient management. The strategy involves pairing an imaging reporter gene with a complementary imaging agent in a system that can be used to measure gene expression or protein interaction or track gene-tagged cells in vivo. Tissue-...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Bhang HE,Gabrielson KL,Laterra J,Fisher PB,Pomper MG

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In chronic kidney disease (CKD), loss of functional nephrons results in metabolic and mechanical stress in the remaining ones, resulting in further nephron loss. Here we show that Akt2 activation has an essential role in podocyte protection after nephron reduction. Glomerulosclerosis and albuminuria were substantially...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Canaud G,Bienaimé F,Viau A,Treins C,Baron W,Nguyen C,Burtin M,Berissi S,Giannakakis K,Muda AO,Zschiedrich S,Huber TB,Friedlander G,Legendre C,Pontoglio M,Pende M,Terzi F

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe malaria is a major cause of childhood mortality in sub-Saharan Africa but the factors predisposing children to severe forms of malaria have not been fully elucidated. In a case-control study of over 1,200 Gambian children hepatitis B virus carriage was significantly increased amongst cases of severe malaria com...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Thursz MR,Kwiatkowski D,Torok ME,Allsopp CE,Greenwood BM,Whittle HC,Thomas HC,Hill AV

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Direct evidence in humans for the impact of the microbiome on nutrient absorption is lacking. We conducted an extended inpatient study using two interventions that we hypothesized would alter the gut microbiome and nutrient absorption. In each, stool calorie loss, a direct proxy of nutrient absorption, was measured. T...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Basolo A,Hohenadel M,Ang QY,Piaggi P,Heinitz S,Walter M,Walter P,Parrington S,Trinidad DD,von Schwartzenberg RJ,Turnbaugh PJ,Krakoff J

更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noninvasive imaging at the molecular level is an emerging field in biomedical research. This paper introduces a new technology synergizing two leading imaging methodologies: positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Although the value of PET lies in its high-sensitivity tracking of bioma...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Judenhofer MS,Wehrl HF,Newport DF,Catana C,Siegel SB,Becker M,Thielscher A,Kneilling M,Lichy MP,Eichner M,Klingel K,Reischl G,Widmaier S,Röcken M,Nutt RE,Machulla HJ,Uludag K,Cherry SR,Claussen CD,Pichler BJ

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cold exposure may be a potential therapy for diabetes by increasing brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass and activity. Here we report that 10 d of cold acclimation (14-15 °C) increased peripheral insulin sensitivity by ∼43% in eight type 2 diabetes subjects. Basal skeletal muscle GLUT4 translocation markedly increased, wit...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Hanssen MJ,Hoeks J,Brans B,van der Lans AA,Schaart G,van den Driessche JJ,Jörgensen JA,Boekschoten MV,Hesselink MK,Havekes B,Kersten S,Mottaghy FM,van Marken Lichtenbelt WD,Schrauwen P

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hereditary hemochromatosis and transfusional iron overload are frequent clinical conditions associated with progressive iron accumulation in parenchymal tissues, leading to eventual organ failure. We have discovered a new mechanism to reverse iron overload-pharmacological modulation of the divalent metal transporter-1...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ludwiczek S,Theurl I,Muckenthaler MU,Jakab M,Mair SM,Theurl M,Kiss J,Paulmichl M,Hentze MW,Ritter M,Weiss G

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteopontin (Opn) is important for T helper type 1 (T(H)1) immunity and autoimmunity. However, the role of this cytokine in T(H)2-mediated allergic disease as well as its effects on primary versus secondary antigenic encounters remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that OPN is expressed in the lungs of asthmatic individ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Xanthou G,Alissafi T,Semitekolou M,Simoes DC,Economidou E,Gaga M,Lambrecht BN,Lloyd CM,Panoutsakopoulou V

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolic reprograming is an emerging hallmark of tumor biology and an actively pursued opportunity in discovery of oncology drugs. Extensive efforts have focused on therapeutic targeting of glycolysis, whereas drugging mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has remained largely unexplored, partly owing to a...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Molina JR,Sun Y,Protopopova M,Gera S,Bandi M,Bristow C,McAfoos T,Morlacchi P,Ackroyd J,Agip AA,Al-Atrash G,Asara J,Bardenhagen J,Carrillo CC,Carroll C,Chang E,Ciurea S,Cross JB,Czako B,Deem A,Daver N,de Groot JF

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4(+) T cells that express the forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) transcription factor function as regulatory T (Treg) cells and hinder effective immune responses against cancer cells. Abundant Treg cell infiltration into tumors is associated with poor clinical outcomes in various types of cancers. However, the role of Treg cel...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Saito T,Nishikawa H,Wada H,Nagano Y,Sugiyama D,Atarashi K,Maeda Y,Hamaguchi M,Ohkura N,Sato E,Nagase H,Nishimura J,Yamamoto H,Takiguchi S,Tanoue T,Suda W,Morita H,Hattori M,Honda K,Mori M,Doki Y,Sakaguchi S

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinal bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a motor neuron disease caused by toxic gain of function of the androgen receptor (AR). Previously, we found that co-regulator binding through the activation function-2 (AF2) domain of AR is essential for pathogenesis, suggesting that AF2 may be a potential drug target for selec...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Badders NM,Korff A,Miranda HC,Vuppala PK,Smith RB,Winborn BJ,Quemin ER,Sopher BL,Dearman J,Messing J,Kim NC,Moore J,Freibaum BD,Kanagaraj AP,Fan B,Tillman H,Chen PC,Wang Y,Freeman BB III,Li Y,Kim HJ,La Spada AR

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report the development of a new combinatorial approach that allows for peptide-mediated selective tissue targeting of nuclear hormone pharmacology while eliminating adverse effects in other tissues. Specifically, we report the development of a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-estrogen conjugate that has superior sex...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Finan B,Yang B,Ottaway N,Stemmer K,Müller TD,Yi CX,Habegger K,Schriever SC,García-Cáceres C,Kabra DG,Hembree J,Holland J,Raver C,Seeley RJ,Hans W,Irmler M,Beckers J,de Angelis MH,Tiano JP,Mauvais-Jarvis F,Perez-Ti

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the integrin requirements of T-helper (T(H)) effector subsets, we investigated the contribution of CD18 (beta(2) integrin) to T(H)1 and T(H)2 function in vitro and in relevant disease models. CD18-deficient (Itgb2(-/-)) T cells showed largely normal in vitro function. Compared with wild-type mice, Itgb2(...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Lee SH,Prince JE,Rais M,Kheradmand F,Shardonofsky F,Lu H,Beaudet AL,Smith CW,Soong L,Corry DB

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Massive release of tumor necrosis factor is responsible for the potentially fatal larisch-Herxheimer reaction that follows antibiotic treatment of relapsing fever due to Borrelia recurrentis. We have undertaken the quantitative purification of the components of B. recurrentis that stimulate human monocytes to produce ...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Vidal V,Scragg IG,Cutler SJ,Rockett KA,Fekade D,Warrell DA,Wright DJ,Kwiatkowski D

更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). A single recessive mutation, the deletion of phenylalanine 508 (deltaF508), causes severe CF and resides on 70% of mutant chromosomes. Severe CF is also caused by premature stop mutations, which are foun...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Howard M,Frizzell RA,Bedwell DM

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have designed short peptides composed of two functional domains, one a tumor blood vessel 'homing' motif and the other a programmed cell death-inducing sequence, and synthesized them by simple peptide chemistry. The 'homing' domain was designed to guide the peptide to targeted cells and allow its internalization. T...

journal_title：Nature medicine

authors： Ellerby HM,Arap W,Ellerby LM,Kain R,Andrusiak R,Rio GD,Krajewski S,Lombardo CR,Rao R,Ruoslahti E,Bredesen DE,Pasqualini R

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00