Abstract:
:Long-distance transport is crucial for polar-growing cells, such as neurons and fungal hyphae. Kinesins and myosins participate in this process, but their functional interplay is poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of kinesin motors in hyphal growth of the plant pathogen Ustilago maydis. Although the microtubule plus-ends are directed to the hyphal tip, of all 10 kinesins analyzed, only conventional kinesin (Kinesin-1) and Unc104/Kif1A-like kinesin (Kinesin-3) were up-regulated in hyphae and they are essential for extended hyphal growth. deltakin1 and deltakin3 mutant hyphae grew irregular and remained short, but they were still able to grow polarized. No additional phenotype was detected in deltakin1rkin3 double mutants, but polarity was lost in deltamyo5rkin1 and deltamyo5rkin3 mutant cells, suggesting that kinesins and class V myosin cooperate in hyphal growth. Consistent with such a role in secretion, fusion proteins of green fluorescent protein and Kinesin-1, Myosin-V, and Kinesin-3 accumulate in the apex of hyphae, a region where secretory vesicles cluster to form the fungal Spitzenkörper. Quantitative assays revealed a role of Kin3 in secretion of acid phosphatase, whereas Kin1 was not involved. Our data demonstrate that just two kinesins and at least one myosin support hyphal growth.
journal_name
Mol Biol Celljournal_title
Molecular biology of the cellauthors
Schuchardt I,Assmann D,Thines E,Schuberth C,Steinberg Gdoi
10.1091/mbc.e05-04-0272keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-11-01 00:00:00pages
5191-201issue
11eissn
1059-1524issn
1939-4586pii
E05-04-0272journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In Schizosaccharomyces pombe, cytokinesis requires the assembly and constriction of an actomyosin-based contractile ring (CR). A single essential formin, Cdc12, localizes to the cell middle upon mitotic onset and nucleates the F-actin of the CR. Cdc12 medial recruitment is mediated in part by its direct binding to the...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-11-0646
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Motility of cilia (also known as flagella in some eukaryotes) is based on axonemal doublet microtubule sliding that is driven by the dynein molecular motors. Dyneins are organized into intricately patterned inner and outer rows of arms, whose collective activity is to produce inter-microtubule movement. However, to ge...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-07-0483
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Recognition of surface-tethered antigens (Ags) by B-cells leads to the formation of an immune synapse that promotes Ag uptake for presentation onto MHC-II molecules. Extraction of immobilized Ags at the immune synapse of B-cells relies on the local secretion of lysosomes, which are recruited to the Ag contact site by ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-10-0722
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The RNA component of the signal recognition particle (SRP) is universally required for cotranslational protein targeting. Biochemical studies have shown that SRP RNA participates in the central step of protein targeting by catalyzing the interaction of the SRP with the SRP receptor (SR). SRP RNA also accelerates GTP h...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-02-0117
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::α-Arrestins play a key role as trafficking adaptors in both yeast and mammals. The yeast Rim8/Art9 α-arrestin mediates the recruitment of endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT) to the seven-transmembrane protein Rim21 in the ambient pH signaling RIM pathway. ESCRT is believed to function as a signali...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-11-1552
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NUDF protein of the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans functions in the cytoplasmic dynein pathway. It binds several proteins, including the NUDE protein. Green fluorescent protein-tagged NUDF and NUDA (dynein heavy chain) localize to linearly moving dashes ("comets") that coincide with microtubule ends. Here...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-06-0359
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor cells use actin-rich protrusions called invadopodia to degrade extracellular matrix (ECM) and invade tissues; related structures, termed podosomes, are sites of dynamic ECM interaction. We show here that supervillin (SV), a peripheral membrane protein that binds F-actin and myosin II, reorganizes the actin cytos...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-08-0867
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubules (MTs) are cytoskeletal polymers composed of repeating subunits of tubulin that are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells. They undergo a stochastic process of polymerization and depolymerization from their plus ends termed dynamic instability. MT dynamics is an ongoing process in all cell types and h...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-11-0769
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The formation and maintenance of the bipolar mitotic spindle apparatus require a complex and balanced interplay of several mechanisms, including the stabilization and separation of polar microtubules and the action of various microtubule motors. Nonmicrotubule elements are also present throughout the spindle apparatus...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.3.11.1259
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MTG1 gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, corresponding to ORF YMR097c on chromosome XIII, codes for a mitochondrial protein essential for respiratory competence. A human homologue of Mtg1p capable of partially rescuing the respiratory deficiency of a yeast mtg1 mutant has also been localized in mitochondria. Mtg1p i...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-10-0636
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Rab GTPase Ypt11 is a Myo2-binding protein implicated in mother-to-bud transport of the cortical endoplasmic reticulum (ER), late Golgi, and mitochondria during yeast division. However, its reported subcellular localization does not reflect all of these functions. Here we show that Ypt11 is normally a low-abundanc...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E12-12-0848
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1/redox factor-1 (APE1) protects cells from oxidative stress via the base excision repair pathway and as a redox transcriptional coactivator. It is required for tumor progression/metastasis, and its up-regulation is associated with cancer resistance. Loss of APE1 expression causes ce...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-05-0391
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cdc6 performs an essential role in the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication by recruiting the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) complex onto DNA. Using immunodepletion/add-back experiments in Xenopus egg extracts, we have determined that both Walker A (ATP binding) and Walker B (ATP hydrolysis) motifs of Xenopus Cd...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.01-08-0382
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a fundamental cellular process conserved from yeast to mammals and is an important endocytic route for the internalization of many specific cargos, including activated growth factor receptors. Here we examined changes in tyrosine phosphorylation, a representative output of growth facto...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E10-07-0637
更新日期:2011-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a particularly aggressive malignancy, has been linked to atypical levels, certain mutations, and aberrant signaling of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs have been challenging to target in cancer because they organize into complex networks in tumor cells. To dissect suc...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-06-0427
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The formation and disruption of synaptic connections during development are a fundamental step in neural circuit formation. Subneuronal structures such as neurites are known to be sensitive to the level of spontaneous neuronal activity, but the specifics of how neurotransmitter-induced calcium activity regulates neuri...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E19-09-0536
更新日期:2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Cotranslational protein targeting to membranes is regulated by two GTPases in the signal recognition particle (SRP) and the SRP receptor; association between the two GTPases is slow and is accelerated 400-fold by the SRP RNA. Intriguingly, the otherwise universally conserved SRP RNA is missing in a novel chloroplast S...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-01-0037
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast TGN resident proteins that frequently cycle between the TGN and endosomes are much more slowly transported to the prevacuolar/late endosomal compartment (PVC) than other proteins. However, TGN protein transport to the PVC is accelerated in mutants lacking function of Inp53p. Inp53p contains a SacI polyphosphoino...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-10-0686
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs), the tiny regulatory RNAs, form complexes with Argonaute (Ago) proteins and inhibit gene expression in metazoan cells. While studying parasite-invaded macrophages, we identify a unique mode of gene regulation in which the parasite Leishmania donovani (Ld) causes mitochondrial depolarization, reduces...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-06-0388
更新日期:2017-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Endomitosis is a special type of mitosis in which only cytokinesis-the final step of the cell division cycle-is defective, resulting in polyploid cells. Although endomitosis is biologically important, its regulatory aspects remain elusive. Psychosine, a lysogalactosylceramide, prevents proper cytokinesis when suppleme...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-08-0555
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chromosomal passenger complex (CPC) regulates various events in cell division. This complex is composed of a catalytic subunit, Aurora B kinase, and three nonenzymatic subunits, INCENP, Survivin, and Borealin. Together, these four subunits interdependently regulate CPC function, and they are highly conserved among...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-04-0289
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brd2 is a member of the bromodomain extra terminal (BET) protein family, which consists of four chromatin-interacting proteins that regulate gene expression. Each BET protein contains two N-terminal bromodomains, which recognize acetylated histones, and the C-terminal protein-protein interaction domain. Using a genome...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E13-06-0303
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::SNAP-23 is a plasma membrane-localized soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) involved in Fc receptor (FcR)-mediated phagocytosis. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying its function remains elusive. Using phosphorylation-specific antibodies, SNAP-23 was found to be phosph...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-08-0523
更新日期:2018-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human neutrophils generally function adherent to an extracellular matrix. We have previously reported that upon adhesion to laminin- or fibronectin-coated, but not uncoated, plastic there is a depolymerization of actin in neutrophils. This phenomenon was not affected by inhibitors of the more well-studied components o...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.8.1.121
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactogenic hormones and extracellular matrix (ECM) act synergistically to regulate beta-casein expression in culture. We have developed a functional subpopulation of the mouse mammary epithelial cell strain COMMA-1D (designated CID 9), which expresses high level of beta-casein, forms alveolar-like structures when plat...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.3.6.699
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In many organisms nonsense mutations decrease the level of mRNA. In the case of mammalian cells, it is still controversial whether translation is required for this nonsense-mediated RNA decrease (NMD). Although previous analyzes have shown that conditions that impede translation termination at nonsense codons also pre...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.3.515
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this essay I describe my personal journey from reductionist to systems cell biology and describe how this in turn led to a 3-year sea voyage to explore complex ocean communities. In describing this journey, I hope to convey some important principles that I gleaned along the way. I realized that cellular functions e...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-06-0571
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Scientific communication, career advancement, and funding decisions are all dependent on research publications. The way manuscripts are handled by high-visibility, professionally edited magazines differs from the way academic journals evaluate manuscripts, using active scientists as monitoring editors. In this essay, ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E12-12-0899
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the c-myc proto-oncogene by chromosomal translocation or proviral insertion frequently results in the separation of the c-myc coding region from its normal regulatory elements. Such rearrangements are often accompanied by loss or mutation of c-myc exon 1 sequences. These genetic alterations do not affect...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.5.5.597
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulated exocytosis is thought to occur either by "full fusion," where the secretory vesicle fuses with the plasma membrane (PM) via a fusion pore that then dilates until the secretory vesicle collapses into the PM; or by "kiss-and-run," where the fusion pore does not dilate and instead rapidly reseals such that the ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-10-0908
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00