Abstract:
:Microtubules (MTs) are cytoskeletal polymers composed of repeating subunits of tubulin that are ubiquitously expressed in eukaryotic cells. They undergo a stochastic process of polymerization and depolymerization from their plus ends termed dynamic instability. MT dynamics is an ongoing process in all cell types and has been the target for the development of several useful anticancer drugs, which compromise rapidly dividing cells. Recent studies also suggest that MT dynamics may be particularly important in neurons, which develop a highly polarized morphology, consisting of a single axon and multiple dendrites that persist throughout adulthood. MTs are especially dynamic in dendrites and have recently been shown to polymerize directly into dendritic spines, the postsynaptic compartment of excitatory neurons in the CNS. These transient polymerization events into dendritic spines have been demonstrated to play important roles in synaptic plasticity in cultured neurons. Recent studies also suggest that MT dynamics in the adult brain function in the essential process of learning and memory and may be compromised in degenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. This raises the possibility of targeting MT dynamics in the design of new therapeutic agents.
journal_name
Mol Biol Celljournal_title
Molecular biology of the cellauthors
Dent EWdoi
10.1091/mbc.E15-11-0769subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-01-01 00:00:00pages
1-8issue
1eissn
1059-1524issn
1939-4586pii
28/1/1journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT)(2C) receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) exclusively expressed in CNS that has been implicated in numerous brain disorders, including anxio-depressive states. Like many GPCRs, 5-HT(2C) receptors physically interact with a variety of intracellular proteins in additio...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-04-0422
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In pancreatic β-cells, glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) modulates insulin secretion, although its function regarding specific secretagogues is unclear. This study investigated the role of GDH using a β-cell-specific GDH knockout mouse model, called βGlud1(-/-). The absence of GDH in islets isolated from βGlud1(-/-) mice ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-08-0676
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myosin II motors embedded within the actin cortex generate contractile forces to modulate cell shape in essential behaviors, including polarization, migration, and division. In sarcomeres, myosin II-mediated sliding of antiparallel F-actin is tightly coupled to myofibril contraction. By contrast, cortical F-actin is h...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E13-08-0450
更新日期:2014-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermolysis bullosa simplex associated with late-onset muscular dystrophy (EBS-MD) is an autosomal recessive disorder resulting from mutations in the plectin gene. The majority of these mutations occur within the large exon 31 encoding the central rod domain and leave the production of a low-level rodless plectin sp...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-01-0043
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yeast cells, when exposed to stress, can enter a protective state in which cell division, growth, and metabolism are down-regulated. They remain viable in this state until nutrients become available again. How cells enter this protective survival state and what happens at a cellular and subcellular level are largely u...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E20-02-0125
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shroom (Shrm) proteins are essential regulators of cell shape and tissue morpho-logy during animal development that function by interacting directly with the coiled-coil region of Rho kinase (Rock). The Shrm-Rock interaction is sufficient to direct Rock subcellular localization and the subsequent assembly of contracti...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-11-0937
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maturation of organelles in the endolysosomal pathway requires exchange of the early endosomal GTPase Rab5/Vps21 for the late endosomal Rab7/Ypt7. The Rab exchange depends on the guanine nucleotide exchange factor activity of the Mon1-Ccz1 heterodimer for Ypt7. Here we investigate vacuole binding and recycling of Mon1...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E13-08-0460
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ion transport in various tissues can be regulated by the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Specifically, involvement of actin dynamics in the regulation of nonvoltage-gated sodium channels has been shown. Herein, inside-out patch clamp experiments were performed to study the effect of the heterodimeric actin capping protei...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-09-0622
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Up-regulation of the cytoskeleton linker protein ezrin frequently occurs in aggressive cancer types and is closely linked with metastatic progression. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms detailing how ezrin is involved in the invasive and metastatic phenotype remain unclear. Here we report a novel function of...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-12-1584
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) triggers multiple signaling pathways and rapid endocytosis of the epidermal growth factor (EGF)-receptor complexes. To directly visualize the compartmentalization of molecules involved in the major signaling cascade, activation of Ras GTPase, we constructed fus...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.01-11-0552
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sorting nexin 1 (SNX1) and SNX2, homologues of the yeast vacuolar protein-sorting (Vps)5p, contain a phospholipid-binding motif termed the phox homology (PX) domain and a carboxyl terminal coiled-coil region. A role for SNX1 in trafficking of cell surface receptors from endosomes to lysosomes has been proposed; howeve...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e03-09-0711
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholipase Ds (PLDs) are regulated enzymes that generate phosphatidic acid (PA), a putative second messenger implicated in the regulation of vesicular trafficking and cytoskeletal reorganization. Mast cells, when stimulated with antigen, show a dramatic alteration in their cytoskeleton and also release their secret...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-04-0213
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis results from mutations in the cystic fibrosis conductance regulator protein (CFTR), a cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA) and ATP-regulated Cl(-) channel. CFTR is increasingly recognized as a component of multiprotein complexes and although several inhibitory proteins to CFTR have been identified, protein comp...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-02-0126
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::DYF-1 is a highly conserved protein essential for ciliogenesis in several model organisms. In Caenorhabditis elegans, DYF-1 serves as an essential activator for an anterograde motor OSM-3 of intraflagellar transport (IFT), the ciliogenesis-required motility that mediates the transport of flagellar precursors and remov...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e10-03-0191
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::EB1 proteins are ubiquitous microtubule-associated proteins involved in microtubule search and capture, regulation of microtubule dynamics, cell polarity, and chromosome stability. We have cloned a complete cDNA of Dictyostelium EB1 (DdEB1), the largest known EB1 homolog (57 kDa). Immunofluorescence analysis and expre...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-01-0054
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate chromosome alignment at metaphase facilitates the equal segregation of sister chromatids to each of the nascent daughter cells. Lack of proper metaphase alignment is an indicator of defective chromosome congression and aberrant kinetochore-microtubule attachments which in turn promotes chromosome missegregati...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E20-09-0585
更新日期:2020-10-21 00:00:00
abstract::The anaphase-promoting complex in partnership with its activator, Cdh1, is an E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for targeting cell cycle proteins during G1 phase. In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cdh1 associates with the deubiquitinating enzyme Ubp15, but the significance of this interaction is unclear. To...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-09-1400
更新日期:2015-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Meiotic recombination differs from mitotic recombination in that DSBs are repaired using homologous chromosomes, rather than sister chromatids. This change in partner choice is due in part to a barrier to sister chromatid repair (BSCR) created by the meiosis-specific kinase, Mek1, in a complex with two other meiosis-s...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-05-0465
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hansenula polymorpha ass3 mutants are characterized by the accumulation of inactive alcohol oxidase (AO) monomers in the cytosol, whereas other peroxisomal matrix proteins are normally activated and sorted to peroxisomes. These mutants also have a glutamate or aspartate requirement on minimal media. Cloning of the cor...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e02-07-0417
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is a major pathway for uptake of lipid and protein cargo at the plasma membrane. The lattices of clathrin-coated pits and vesicles are comprised of triskelions, each consisting of three oligomerized heavy chains (HC) bound by a light chain (LC). In addition to binding HC, LC interacts wit...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-07-0606
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunoglobulin (Ig) molecule is composed of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains (H2L2). Transport of this heteromeric complex is dependent on the correct assembly of the component parts, which is controlled, in part, by the association of incompletely assembled Ig heavy chains with the endopl...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.7.2209
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The spindle checkpoint prevents anaphase onset until all the chromosomes have successfully attached to the spindle microtubules. The mechanisms by which unattached kinetochores trigger and transmit a primary signal are poorly understood, although it seems to be dependent at least in part, on the kinetochore localizati...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-01-0051
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protein degradation during the cell cycle is controlled by the opposing activities of ubiquitin ligases and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Although the functions of ubiquitin ligases in the cell cycle have been studied extensively, the roles of DUBs in this process are less well understood. Here, we used an overexpr...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E18-07-0425
更新日期:2018-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::DEAD box proteins are putative RNA helicases that function in all aspects of RNA metabolism, including translation, ribosome biogenesis, and pre-mRNA splicing. Because many processes involving RNA metabolism are spatially organized within the cell, we examined the subcellular distribution of a human DEAD box protein, ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.12.10.3046
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have undertaken a biochemical analysis of the regulation of the G1/S-phase transition and commitment to the cell cycle in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The execution of Start requires the activity of the Cdc2 protein kinase and the Sct1/Cdc10 transcription complex. Progression through G1 also require...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.8.6.1117
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used E1A probes to study the roles of the p34cdc2 kinase and the retinoblastoma tumor susceptibility gene product (pRB) in transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF beta 1)-mediated growth suppression in mink lung epithelial (Mv1Lu) cells. In agreement with previous reports, we see a decline in p34cdc2 kinase act...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.3.6.655
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Manganese (Mn) protects cells against lethal doses of purified Shiga toxin by causing the degradation of the cycling transmembrane protein GPP130, which the toxin uses as a trafficking receptor. Mn-induced GPP130 down-regulation, in addition to being a potential therapeutic approach against Shiga toxicosis, is a model...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-05-1003
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::UNC-104 (KIF1A) is a kinesin motor that transports synaptic vesicles from the neuronal cell body to the terminal. Previous in vitro studies have shown that a Dictyostelium relative of UNC-104 transports liposomes containing acidic phospholipids, but whether this interaction is needed for the recognition and transport ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-04-0326
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of Caenorhabditis elegans act-5 gene function revealed that intestinal microvillus formation requires a specific actin isoform. ACT-5 is the most diverged of the five C. elegans actins, sharing only 93% identity with the other four. Green fluorescent protein reporter and immunofluorescence analysis indic...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-12-1061
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure of neutrophils to chemoattractant induces cell polarization and migration. These behaviors require the asymmetric activation of distinct signaling pathways and cytoskeletal elements in the protruding pseudopod at the front of cells and the retracting uropod at the rear. An important outstanding question is, h...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-04-0358
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00