Abstract:
:The formation and maintenance of the bipolar mitotic spindle apparatus require a complex and balanced interplay of several mechanisms, including the stabilization and separation of polar microtubules and the action of various microtubule motors. Nonmicrotubule elements are also present throughout the spindle apparatus and have been proposed to provide a structural support for the spindle. The Nuclear-Mitotic Apparatus protein (NuMA) is an abundant 240 kD protein that is present in the nucleus of interphase cells and concentrates in the polar regions of the spindle apparatus during mitosis. Sequence analysis indicates that NuMA possesses an unusually long alpha-helical central region characteristic of many filament forming proteins. In this report we demonstrate that microinjection of anti-NuMA antibodies into interphase and prophase cells results in a failure to form a mitotic spindle apparatus. Furthermore, injection of metaphase cells results in the collapse of the spindle apparatus into a monopolar microtubule array. These results identify for the first time a nontubulin component important for both the establishment and stabilization of the mitotic spindle apparatus in multicellular organisms. We suggest that nonmicrotubule structural components may be important for these processes.
journal_name
Mol Biol Celljournal_title
Molecular biology of the cellauthors
Yang CH,Snyder Mdoi
10.1091/mbc.3.11.1259keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-11-01 00:00:00pages
1259-67issue
11eissn
1059-1524issn
1939-4586journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章abstract::During meiosis, homologues are linked by crossover, which is required for bipolar chromosome orientation before chromosome segregation at anaphase I. The repetitive ribosomal DNA (rDNA) array, however, undergoes little or no meiotic recombination. Hyperrecombination can cause chromosome missegregation and rDNA copy nu...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E14-05-0957
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubule (MT) organization is essential for many cellular events, including mitosis, migration, and cell polarity. Fidgetin (Fign), an ATP-dependent, MT-severing protein, contributes to the regulation of MT configuration by cutting and trimming MT polymers. Functions of Fign have been indicated in neurite outgrowth...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-09-0628
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The [URE3] and [PSI(+)] prions are infectious amyloid forms of Ure2p and Sup35p. Several chaperones influence prion propagation: Hsp104p overproduction destabilizes [PSI(+)], whereas [URE3] is sensitive to excess of Ssa1p or Ydj1p. Here, we show that overproduction of the chaperone, Sse1p, can efficiently cure [URE3]....
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-02-0128
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subcellular targeting and the activity of facilitative glucose transporters are likely to be regulated by interactions with cellular proteins. This report describes the identification and characterization of a protein, GLUT1 C-terminal binding protein (GLUT1CBP), that binds via a PDZ domain to the C terminus of GLUT1....
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.4.819
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbon fixation in cyanobacteria makes a major contribution to the global carbon cycle. The cyanobacterial carboxysome is a proteinaceous microcompartment that protects and concentrates the carbon-fixing enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO) in a paracrystalline lattice, making it possible f...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-01-0069
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myo4p, a single-headed and nonprocessive class V myosin in budding yeast, transports >20 different mRNAs asymmetrically to the bud. Here, we determine the features of the Myo4p motor that are necessary for correct localization of ASH1 mRNA to the daughter cell, a process that also requires the adapter protein She3p an...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e08-08-0801
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), cysts accumulate and progressively impair renal function. Mutations in PKD1 and PKD2 genes are causally linked to ADPKD, but how these mutations drive cell behaviors that underlie ADPKD pathogenesis is unknown. Human ADPKD cysts frequently express cadherin-8 (ca...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-01-0059
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The formation and disruption of synaptic connections during development are a fundamental step in neural circuit formation. Subneuronal structures such as neurites are known to be sensitive to the level of spontaneous neuronal activity, but the specifics of how neurotransmitter-induced calcium activity regulates neuri...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E19-09-0536
更新日期:2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial function depends crucially on the maintenance of multiple mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copies. Surprisingly, the cellular mechanisms regulating mtDNA copy number remain poorly understood. Through a systematic high-throughput approach in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we determined mtDNA-to-nuclear DNA ratios in ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E19-08-0470
更新日期:2020-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary tumor of bone and is characterized by its high tendency to metastasize in lungs. Although treatment in cases of early diagnosis results in a 5-yr survival rate of nearly 60%, the prognosis for patients with secondary lesions at diagnosis is poor, and their 5-yr survival rate r...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E18-08-0545
更新日期:2019-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::Polyadenylation-induced translation is an important regulatory mechanism during metazoan development. During Xenopus oocyte meiotic progression, polyadenylation-induced translation is regulated by CPEB, which is activated by phosphorylation. XGef, a guanine exchange factor, is a CPEB-interacting protein involved in th...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e04-07-0585
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rods and rings (RRs) are large linear- or circular-shaped structures typically described as polymers of IMPDH (inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase). They have been observed across a wide variety of cell types and species and can be induced to form by inhibitors of IMPDH. RRs are thought to play a role in the regulatio...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E18-05-0274
更新日期:2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Endomitosis is a special type of mitosis in which only cytokinesis-the final step of the cell division cycle-is defective, resulting in polyploid cells. Although endomitosis is biologically important, its regulatory aspects remain elusive. Psychosine, a lysogalactosylceramide, prevents proper cytokinesis when suppleme...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-08-0555
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrated that myosin IIA and IIB are essential for the formation of transverse arcs and ventral stress fibers, respectively. Furthermore, we illustrated the roles of both isoforms in lamellar flattening and also raised the possibility that actin filaments in ventral stress fibers are in a stretched conformation...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-04-0215
更新日期:2018-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cell emergence onto damaged or organized fibrous extracellular matrix (ECM) is a crucial precursor to collective cell migration in wound closure and cancer metastasis, respectively. However, there is a fundamental gap in our quantitative understanding of the role of local ECM size and arrangement in cell emergence-bas...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-05-0305
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Microtubules (MTs) are often organized by a nucleus-associated MT organizing center (MTOC). In addition, in neurons and epithelial cells, motor-based transport of assembled MTs determines the polarity of the MT array. Here, we show that MT motility participates in MT organization in the fungus Ustilago maydis. In budd...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-12-1118
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Starvation induces Dictyostelium amoebae to secrete cAMP, toward which other amoebae stream, forming multicellular mounds that differentiate and develop into fruiting bodies containing spores. We find that the double deletion of cortexillin (ctx) I and II alters the actin cytoskeleton and substantially inhibits all mo...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-09-0764
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motility of cilia (also known as flagella in some eukaryotes) is based on axonemal doublet microtubule sliding that is driven by the dynein molecular motors. Dyneins are organized into intricately patterned inner and outer rows of arms, whose collective activity is to produce inter-microtubule movement. However, to ge...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E17-07-0483
更新日期:2018-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a particularly aggressive malignancy, has been linked to atypical levels, certain mutations, and aberrant signaling of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). GPCRs have been challenging to target in cancer because they organize into complex networks in tumor cells. To dissect suc...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E16-06-0427
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Metaphase spindles assemble to a steady state in length by mechanisms that involve microtubule dynamics and motor proteins, but they are incompletely understood. We found that Xenopus extract spindles recapitulate the length of egg meiosis II spindles, by using mechanisms intrinsic to the spindle. To probe these mecha...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e05-02-0174
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oncoprotein 18/stathmin (Op18) has been identified recently as a protein that destabilizes microtubules, but the mechanism of destabilization is currently controversial. Based on in vitro microtubule assembly assays, evidence has been presented supporting conflicting destabilization models of either tubulin sequestrat...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.10.1.105
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Myosin- and Rab-interacting protein (MyRIP), which belongs to the protein kinase A (PKA)-anchoring family, is implicated in hormone secretion. However, its mechanism of action is not fully elucidated. Here we investigate the role of MyRIP in myosin Va (MyoVa)-dependent secretory granule (SG) transport and secretion in...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E12-05-0369
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kinesin-8 motor proteins destabilize microtubules. Their absence during cell division is associated with disorganized mitotic chromosome movements and chromosome loss. Despite recent work studying effects of kinesin-8s on microtubule dynamics, it remains unclear whether the kinesin-8 mitotic phenotypes are consequence...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E15-07-0505
更新日期:2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::The trafficking of endocytosed receptors through phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate [PtdIns(3)P]-containing endosomes is thought to attenuate their signaling. Here, we show that the PtdIns(3)P 5-kinase Fab1/PIKfyve controls trafficking but not silencing of endocytosed receptors. Drosophila fab1 mutants contain undetecta...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-03-0239
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the actions of the neuropeptide substance P (SP) that are mediated by the neurokinin 1 receptor (NK1-R) desensitize and resensitize, which may be associated with NK1-R endocytosis and recycling. We delineated this endocytic pathway in transfected cells by confocal microscopy using cyanine 3-SP and NK1-R antibo...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.6.5.509
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Wnt signaling pathway plays a major role in development, and upon deregulation it is implicated in neoplasia. The hallmark of the canonical Wnt signal is the protection of beta-catenin from ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation induced by glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta inhibition. The stabilized beta-ca...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e06-01-0052
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of Rho GTPase signaling is critical for cell shape determination and polarity. Here, we investigated the role of LRG1, a novel member of the GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) of Neurospora crassa. LRG1 is essential for apical tip extension and to restrict excessive branch formation in subapical regions of t...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.e07-12-1266
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many yeast actin cytoskeleton mutants accumulate large secretory vesicles and exhibit phenotypes consistent with defects in polarized growth. This, together with actin's polarized organization, has suggested a role for the actin cytoskeleton in the vectorial transport of late secretory vesicles to the plasma membrane....
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.8.8.1481
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outer dynein arms (ODAs) are multiprotein complexes that drive flagellar beating. Based on genetic and biochemical analyses, ODAs preassemble in the cell body and then move into the flagellum by intraflagellar transport (IFT). To study ODA transport in vivo, we expressed the essential intermediate chain 2 tagged with ...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E18-05-0291
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by a defect in the degradation of glucosylceramide catalyzed by the lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase (GBA). GBA reaches lysosomes via association with its receptor, lysosomal integral membrane protein type 2 (LIMP-2). We found that distinct phosphatidylinosit...
journal_title:Molecular biology of the cell
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1091/mbc.E11-06-0553
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00