Abstract：
:The aim of this study was to determine the effect of age on the modulation of forces produced by the digits and to determine the effects of practice on the control of these forces in young and older adults. Young (n = 14, 19-28 years) and old (n = 12, 67-75 years) adults used a precision grip to perform a variable force-tracking task (sine wave, 5-25% of maximum voluntary force) with their dominant hand. Participants performed 100 practice trials over 2 consecutive days. Results indicated that both groups improved accuracy of force tracking as a result of practice. Younger adults performed the task at a higher level in pre- and post-test conditions compared with older adults. Younger adults showed improvements in force control in force generation and release phases. Older adults reached performance levels comparable with younger adults' pre-test performance, but only after extended practice. In contrast to young adults, older adults' performance during the force release phases remained quite variable. These data suggest that older adults are impaired in the accurate release of grip force. Varied force release patterns that disrupt the precision of force modulation may contribute to older adults' diminished dexterous abilities.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Voelcker-Rehage C,Alberts JLdoi
10.1007/s00221-005-2342-6keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-09-01 00:00:00pages
61-70issue
1eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
166pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:We describe a new form of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) -mediated regulation of the inactivation and of the recovery from inactivation of the L-type Ca2+ current (I(Ca)) in crayfish muscle. GABA (1 mM) was applied during a 2-min period and the peak I(Ca) was measured using two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings 30 mi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000445
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we sought to examine the effect of experimentally induced somatic pain on memory. Subjects heard a series of words and made categorization decisions in two different conditions. One condition included painful shocks administered just after presentation of some of the words; the other condition involved ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-019-05534-x
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Survivin attenuates apoptosis by inhibiting cleavage of some cell proteins by activated caspase-3. We recently discovered strong up-regulation of survivin, primarily in astrocytes and a sub-set of neurons, after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. In this study we characterized co-expression of survivin with activat...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-005-2362-2
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fiber arrangement of the optic radiation was investigated in fourteen adult cats. The retinotopies of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) were first identified electrophysiologically, and thereafter, wheat germ agglutinin conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (WGA-HRP) was iontophoretically injected into defined p...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227073
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:(1) The responses of CA1 pyramidal cells to short glutamate pulses (10-50 ms) delivered at sensitive spots in the apical dendrites have been analysed by intracellular recording. (2) The glutamate pulses elicited stable depolarizing responses in a dose- and frequency-dependent manner. (3) When a single action potential...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228178
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Delay eyeblink conditioning was examined in patients with genetically-defined heredoataxias and age-matched control subjects. 24 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6), type 3 (SCA3), and Friedreich's ataxia (FRDA) participated. SCA6 affects primarily the cerebellum, whereas extracerebellar involvement is ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-004-2181-x
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light touch of the index finger with a stationary surface at non-mechanically supportive force levels (<100 g) greatly attenuates the body sway of standing subjects. In three experiments, we evaluated the properties of finger contact and of the contacted object necessary to produce postural stabilization in subjects s...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210100775
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Multisensory integration" refers to the phenomenon by which information from different senses is integrated in order to interpret and guide responses to external events. Here, we advance two specific hypotheses: (1) the process of multisensory integration in spatial localization is statistically optimal, and (2) the ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0847-2
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The responses of 80 amygdaloid neurons to the four basic taste (sucrose, NaCl, HCl and quinine hydrochloride), thermal (5 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 40 degrees C) and tactile (brushing) stimuli applied to the anterior part of the tongue were recorded in anesthetized rats. About 90% of the taste-sensitive amygdaloid n...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237437
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of the effects of physical activity on cognition suggest that aerobic fitness can improve cognitive abilities. However, the physiological mechanisms for the cognitive benefit of aerobic fitness are less well understood. We examined the association between aerobic fitness and cerebrovascular function with neuro...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5230-6
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fast-twitch flexor digitorum longus (FDL) muscle was partially denervated by a unilateral section of the L7 ventral root. After approximately 100 days the isometric, force-velocity and histochemical properties of single motor units from the partially denervated muscle were determined. The diameter of the nerve axo...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236946
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study extends our previous findings in challenging the traditional interpretation of irregularities in the velocity profile of pointing movements as corrective submovements performed to improve accuracy of target achievement. The study is driven by a hypothesis that pointing includes at least two subtasks,...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0603-7
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erythropoietin (Epo) has neuroprotective and neurotrophic effects and improves cognitive function in animal models of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric illness. In humans, weekly Epo administration over 3 months improves cognitive function in schizophrenia. The neural underpinnings and time-course of this effect ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1102-1
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Earlier studies have shown that eye positions, recorded in subjects scanning a distant visual scene with the head in a stable position, have only two degrees of freedom (Listing's law). Due to cyclovergence, this law is modified in near-vision. Two previous quantitative studies have documented that the sign of the tor...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228754
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many vertebrates generate blinks as a component of saccadic gaze shifts. We investigated the nature of this linkage between saccades and blinking in normal humans. Activation of the orbicularis oculi, the lid closing muscle, EMG occurred with 97% of saccadic gaze shifts larger than 33 degrees. The blinks typically beg...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227203
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motor function difficulties associated with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) impact gait inter-limb coordination between the upper and lower extremities. Two motor learning based, upper extremity treatments, Constraint Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) and Hand Arm Bimanual Therapy (HABIT), have resulted in impr...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-019-05501-6
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A green button may be the target of a movement, or it may instruct the opening of an adjacent door. In the first case, its spatial configuration serves to guide the hand, whereas in the second case its colour allows a decision between alternative courses of action. This study contrasts these two categories of visuomot...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210100877
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rhythmic interlimb coordination is characterized by attraction to stable phase and frequency relations. Sudden, unintended transitions between such coordination patterns have been observed in iso- and multifrequency tasks when movement frequency was gradually increased. These transitions have been accounted for by mod...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002210050257
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In walking cats decerebrated at the premammillary level, single neurone activity of Purkinje cells (P-cells) with long corticofugal axons was recorded in the cerebellar vermis. The P-cells (N = 145) were identified as they showed spontaneous simple and complex spikes and also antidromic activation from Deiters' nucleu...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00238886
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sleep disturbances impair cognitive functioning in typically developing populations. Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a disorder characterized by impaired inhibitory control and attention, commonly experience sleep disturbances. Whether inhibitory impairments are related to sleep deficits...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-017-4906-7
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The short-latency electromyographic response evoked by transcranial magnetic stimulation (MEP) increases in size during fatigue, but the mechanisms are unclear. Because large changes occur in the muscle action potential, we tested whether changes in the response to stimulation of the peripheral motor nerve could fully...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050779
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integrity of the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) is necessary for the generation of rapid eye movements. The main saccade-related population is of the burst type with latencies between 0 and 40 ms preceding a saccade, and they can be divided into medium- and long-lead burst neurons. Burst neurons hav...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237155
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of electrical stimulation within the midbrain on fusimotor output to the jaw elevator muscles were studied in anaesthetized cats. Muscle spindle afferents recorded in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus were categorised as primary or secondary by their responses to succinylcholine during sinusoidal or ram...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00227778
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we investigated the effects of ginkgolides (Gins A, B, C and J), the main constituent of the non-flavone fraction of EGb 761, on hypoxic injury induced by potassium cyanide (KCN) in primary cortical neurons. The neurons were pretreated with or without ginkgolides for 24 h before incubation with KCN for ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0823-x
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spike trains of X and Y retinal ganglion cell axons and neurons in the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) of cats were compared to determine if the visual signal could be better discriminated from the maintained activity in the LGN relative to the retina. Curves for relative or receiver operating characteristics (RO...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00248364
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Quick detection of changes in the sensory environment is very important for survival, resulting in automatic shifts of attention to the event and the facilitation of subsequent processes to execute appropriate behaviors. The abrupt onset or offset of a sensory stimulus should also activate the neural network detecting...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-008-1468-8
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While mechanisms of orienting attention in unilateral spatial neglect (USN) have frequently been studied in the visual domain, these mechanisms remain relatively unexplored in the auditory domain. Our first goal was to replicate Spence and Driver's (J Exp Psychol Hum 22:1005-1030, 1994) results with a virtual reality ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4691-8
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Threshold elevation in the periphery of the visual field as a consequence of repetitive stimulation can be abolished by stimulating a mirror-symmetric position in the contralateral visual half-field. A patient suffering from a congenital malformation of the right superior colliculus did not exhibit threshold elevation...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00236761
更新日期：1979-05-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The accomplishment of mature locomotor movements relies upon the integrated coordination of the lower and upper limbs and the trunk. Human adults normally swing their arms and a quadrupedal limb coordination persists during bipedal walking despite a strong corticospinal control of the upper extremities that allows to ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5201-y
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a tri-axial model of spatial orientation applicable to static 1g and non-1g environments. The model attempts to capture the mechanics of otolith organ transduction of static linear forces and the perceptual computations performed on these sensor signals to yield subjective orientation of the vertical...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0387-9
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
