Abstract:
:The effects of electrical stimulation within the midbrain on fusimotor output to the jaw elevator muscles were studied in anaesthetized cats. Muscle spindle afferents recorded in the mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus were categorised as primary or secondary by their responses to succinylcholine during sinusoidal or ramp-and-hold stretches. Changes in their stretch responses during midbrain stimulation were then assessed by changes in bias and in dynamic sensitivity. Problems were encountered in interpreting changes in sine wave stretch responses of primary afferents, in some of which a very small change in firing pattern produced large changes in estimates of the response amplitude. Sine wave testing also sometimes over-estimated static effects and under-estimated dynamic effects relative to ramp responses. On other occasions a small amount of static fusimotor activity caused a marked increase in sine response amplitude, which could be wrongly interpreted as a dynamic effect. Consequently, ramp responses only were used for diagnosing fusimotor changes. The most effective region for producing pure dynamic fusimotor excitation was directly rostral to the red nucleus, extending dorsally and ventrally approximately in the course of the retroflex bundle. Stimulation of regions caudal and dorso-caudal to the red nucleus, previously designated as the mesencephalic area for dynamic fusimotor control of leg muscles, gave static or mixed static and dynamic effects on jaw spindles. The use of midbrain stimulation to identify fusimotor neurones of jaw muscles as static or dynamic would be most reliable with stimulation just rostral to the red nucleus and would require spindle afferent behaviour to be monitored at the same time with ramp stretches.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Taylor A,Donga R,Jüch PJdoi
10.1007/BF00227778subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-01-01 00:00:00pages
37-45issue
1eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Blinks are known to affect eye movements, e.g., saccades, slow and fast vergence, and saccade-vergence interaction, in two ways: by superimposition of blink-associated eye movements and changes of the central premotor activity in the brainstem. The goal of this study was to determine, for the first time, the effects o...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-2040-9
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Directional preferences have previously been demonstrated during horizontal arm movements. These preferences were characterized by a tendency to exploit interaction torques for movement production at the shoulder or elbow, indicating that the preferred directions depend on biomechanical, and not on visual perception-b...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3766-z
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::After several days of exposure to optically-imposed post-saccadic retinal slip, the saccades of normal monkeys acquire an exponential ocular drift. This drift is in the direction of the imposed image motion, and persists in the dark. It has been argued that these changes result from the operation of a visually mediate...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00340497
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteric glia share morphological, biochemical, and functional properties with astrocytes. Thus, like astrocytes, transplantation of enteric glia into the central nervous system (CNS) might facilitate the development of the characteristics of the blood brain barrier (BBB) in endothelial cells. This study explored this ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-2119-3
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both vestibular and neck proprioceptive inputs contribute towards maintaining a walking trajectory. We investigated how aging alters neck proprioceptive and vestibular interaction for preserving equilibrium and spatial orientation during locomotion. Young and healthy elderly were exposed to two sensory manipulations a...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-005-0182-z
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microscopic illumination of two neighbouring photoreceptor cells within a single ommatidium induces a strong sequence-dependent response in a directionally selective, motion-sensitive neuron. The response is characterized by a strong facilitation in the preferred direction and a weaker inhibition in the reverse direct...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00236243
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The startle reaction (SR) is usually understood as an involuntary reaction to an unexpected sensory input. However, there is evidence that the mechanisms involved in the SR contribute also to the execution of actions that we consider voluntary. We need to exert a fine control of the motor output, which usually involve...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1402-0
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol exposure can reduce adult proliferation and/or neurogenesis, but its impact on the ultimate neurogenic precursors, neural stem cells (NSCs), has been poorly addressed. Accordingly, the impact of voluntary consumption of alcohol on NSCs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricle was examined in t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3958-1
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extent to which attending to one stimulus while ignoring another influences the integration of visual and inertial (vestibular, somatosensory, proprioceptive) stimuli is currently unknown. It is also unclear how cue integration is affected by an awareness of cue conflicts. We investigated these questions using a t...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1767-8
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of the ability to integrate postural adjustments into the gait initiation process was investigated in children, using both kinematic and electromyographic (EMG) analysis. Subjects included children of 1 year of age (1-4 months' walking experience), 2-3 years of age (9-17 months' walking experience), 4-...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1044-6
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gap effect refers to the finding that saccadic latencies are typically reduced when a fixation point is removed prior to the appearance of a peripheral target. This reduction in saccadic reaction time (SacRT) is thought to be due to a general warning effect and an oculomotor specific fixation offset that occur whe...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002219900243
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the framework of the uncontrolled manifold (UCM) hypothesis to analyze the structure of finger force variability in discrete (ramp) and oscillatory force production tasks performed by the index and middle fingers of the right hand acting in parallel. Subjects performed the tasks at fast and slow rates, with an...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1196-4
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied visuomotor processing in the middle (MS) and lateral suprasylvian (LS) cortices of the alert cat by making single cell recordings while the cat was working in a behavioral task requiring visual fixation and visually guided eye movements. We found responses with three different components: visual sensory, sa...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02259125
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microtubule associated tau protein becomes hyperphosphorylated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While hyperphosphorylation promotes neurodegeneration, the cause and consequences of this abnormal modification are poorly understood. As impaired energy metabolism is an important hallmark of AD progression, we tested whet...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5341-0
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Though previous studies have suggested that the basal ganglia are necessarily involved in action imitation, their precise role is unclear. An important source of evidence concerns patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) who suffer basal ganglia impairments. Some studies report poor execution of observed meaningful (MF)...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3300-8
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human orientation in novel and familiar environments is a complex skill that can involve numerous different strategies. To date, a comprehensive account of how these strategies interrelate at the behavioural level has not been documented, impeding the development of elaborate systems neuroscience models of spatial ori...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3316-0
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relationship between neuronal calcium binding protein content (calbindin D28K: CaBP and parvalbumin: PV) and vulnerability to ischemia was studied in different regions of the rat brain using the four vessel occlusion model of complete forebrain ischemia. The areas studied, i.e. the hippocampal formation, neocortex...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00232193
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to identify the control mechanism used for locomotion pointing regulation under different external temporal constraints. Subjects ( n=8) had to walk on a treadmill through a number of virtual hallways and cross a pair of gliding doors that opened and closed at a constant preset frequency (0....
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-001-0990-8
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motor learning in the vestibular system can be differentially obtained depending upon the context for which the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) has been exposed. Manipulating head orientation relative to gravity is an example of a contextual cue that can elicit independent VOR gains. We were interested in examining rete...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-008-1289-9
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep disturbances impair cognitive functioning in typically developing populations. Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), a disorder characterized by impaired inhibitory control and attention, commonly experience sleep disturbances. Whether inhibitory impairments are related to sleep deficits...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-017-4906-7
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The afternystagmus that occurs in the dark after gaze fixation during optokinetic stimulation is directed in the opposite direction relative to the previous optokinetic stimulus. The mechanism responsible for such afternystagmus after suppression of optokinetic nystagmus (ASOKN) is unclear. Several hypotheses have bee...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-3971-4
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined hippocampal theta power during configural and non-configural tasks in rats. Experiment 1 compared hippocampal theta power during a negative patterning task (A+, B+, AB-) to a configural task and a simple discrimination task (A+, B-) as a non-configural task. The results showed that hippocampal thet...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3359-2
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to navigate efficiently, animals can benefit from internal representations of their moment-to-moment orientation. Head-direction (HD) cells are neurons that discharge maximally when the head of a rat is oriented in a specific ("preferred") direction in the horizontal plane, independently from position or ongo...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210000365
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of redox reagents on excitatory and inhibitory synaptic responses as well as on the bidrectional plasticity of alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated synaptic responses were studied in CA1 pyramidal neurons in rat hippocampal slices. The o...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02450332
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Intracellular recordings were made from 220 Phrenic Motoneurons (PM) in anaesthetized, spontaneously breathing cats, deafferented from C3 to C7, in order to look for somatic events related to the Recurrent Responses (RR) evoked in PM axons by repetitive stimulation of the phrenic nerve. RR appear sporadically at a ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00248286
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albino mammals show very characteristic deficits in their optokinetic system, and albino ferrets are even optokinetically blind. To investigate the neuronal causes for this defect we compared the morphology of retinal slip cells in the pretectal nucleus of the optic tract and the dorsal terminal nucleus of the accesso...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210100832
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to investigate interhemispheric transcallosal connections between primary motor cortices noninvasively in awake human subjects. For this purpose, focal transcranial magnetic stimulation was performed on eight healthy, right-handed subjects and one patient with congenital collosal agenes...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00227944
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saccade characteristics in response to moving and stationary targets were studied in three monkeys (Macaca mulatta) that had been trained to look at a target, which after an initial jump either remained in place or moved forward or backward with constant velocity (10 degrees /s). Eye movements were recorded using a se...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-2070-3
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Performing joint actions often requires precise temporal coordination of individual actions. The present study investigated how people coordinate their actions at discrete points in time when continuous or rhythmic information about others' actions is not available. In particular, we tested the hypothesis that making ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2706-z
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The responses are described of cochlear nucleus neurons of anaesthetized cats as a function of time in dependence on intensity and frequency of tonal stimuli. Depending on spectral properties three types are distinguished in the group of spontaneously active units: A type (activation only) AS type (activation and s...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238021
更新日期:1975-10-24 00:00:00