Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Despite controversy about paying research subjects, little is known about actual practices in the U.S., including what type of studies offer payment, to what type of subjects, and how amounts are determined. OBJECTIVE:To document current U.S. practices regarding payment to research subjects. METHODS:The protocols and consent forms of 467 studies offering payment to research subjects approved by 11 IRBs across the U.S. were reviewed to analyze how they describe and justify payment to subjects. RESULTS:Money was offered in a wide variety of study types, from short term physiologic studies to large clinical trials of therapeutic interventions, to both patient (61%) and healthy (24.4%) subjects or both (14.6%). Dollar amounts varied widely and were infrequently explicitly described as based on time (19%) or procedures (12%). Unexplained variation in dollar amounts occurred in similar studies or in the same (multi-site) study at different sites, and for similar procedures across studies sometimes even within one site. Although the range was wide ($5-$2000), total amounts were usually modest (overall median $155), and almost always described in the consent form (94.4%) and usually as pro-rated (73%). CONCLUSIONS:Both patient and healthy subjects are offered payment in a wide variety of types of research in the U.S. Variation in the dollar amounts offered is largely unexplained.
journal_name
Contemp Clin Trialsjournal_title
Contemporary clinical trialsauthors
Grady C,Dickert N,Jawetz T,Gensler G,Emanuel Edoi
10.1016/j.cct.2005.02.003keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-06-01 00:00:00pages
365-75issue
3eissn
1551-7144issn
1559-2030pii
S1551-7144(05)00046-7journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite evidence that palliative care increases quality and length of life, many patients and families remain uninformed about its nature and benefits. The purpose of this study is to test a psycho-educational intervention, Managing Cancer Care: A Personal Guide (MCC), intended to improve breast cancer patie...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2016.04.009
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The translation of research evidence into practice is facilitated by clinical trials such as those sponsored by the National Cancer Institute's Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) that help disseminate cancer care innovations to community-based physicians and provider organizations. However, CCOP part...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2012.08.008
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Double-blinding is an important and widely implemented feature of clinical trials although its success is rarely assessed. In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of tea tree oil, an aromatic essential oil, for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL), or cold sores, deception was used to prevent volunteers ...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2007.04.006
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Home-based telemedicine (HBT) is a validated method of evidence-based treatment delivery for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and justification for its use has centered on closing gaps related to provider availability and distance to treatment centers. However, another potential use of HBT may be to overcome barr...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2016.03.004
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Many low-income parent/caregivers do not understand the importance of cavity-free primary (baby) teeth and the chronic nature of dental caries (tooth decay). As a consequence, dental preventive and treatment utilization is low even when children are screened in schools and referred for care. This study aim...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2015.10.006
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transitional care programs have been widely used to reduce readmissions and improve the quality and safety of the handoff process between hospital and outpatient providers. Very little is known about effective transitional care interventions among patients who are uninsured or with Medicaid. This paper describes the d...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2017.12.003
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This paper reports the protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to test the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of lubiprostone (LUB) vs. placebo on suppressing gut permeability in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with constipation. NAFLD, including non-alcoholic stea...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2018.04.002
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:When the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services announced coverage for low dose CT lung cancer screening, they also mandated that imaging centers offer smoking cessation services. We designed the Optimizing Lung Screening (OaSiS) trial to evaluate strategies to implement the Public Health Service Guide...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2020.105963
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traditionally, children presenting with appendicitis are referred for urgent appendectomy. Recent improvements in the quality and availability of diagnostic imaging allow for better pre-operative characterization of appendicitis, including severity of inflammation; size of the appendix; and presence of extra-luminal i...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2019.06.013
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2019.07.002
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many studies on the health effects of the glycemic index (GI) are confounded by differences in the intakes of other macronutrients and fibre. Little data exist about the within- and between-subject variability of the GI. OBJECTIVE:Our objectives were therefore (i) to calculate the GI of eight commonly used ...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2009.08.001
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An instrumental variable (IV) estimator has been widely used to estimate causal effects among compliers in randomized trials with noncompliance. The estimator of complier average treatment effect can be expressed as a ratio of two unbiased estimators but the ratio estimator is not unbiased. The bias of IV estimator ca...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2012.03.013
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of obesity is high resulting from chronic imbalances between energy intake and expenditure. On the expenditure side, regular exercise is associated with health benefits, including enhanced brain function. The benefits of exercise are not immediate and require persistence to be realized. Brain regions as...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2013.11.007
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is of vital importance to the success of a randomized clinical trial to maintain the balance of baseline characteristics (covariates) that could potentially confound the outcomes of the trial. Various randomization methods have been proposed to increase the likelihood of having balanced covariates at the end of a t...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2011.03.004
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Basic research suggests that rapid increases in circulating inflammatory and hemostatic blood markers may trigger or indicate impending plaque rupture and coronary thrombosis, resulting in acute ischemic heart disease (IHD) events. However, these associations are not established in humans. METHODS AND RESUL...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2014.03.009
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a leading cause of chronic liver disease. The natural history of HCV infection is heterogeneous, and a person infected with HCV can clear the virus or progress to a chronic infection. The chronic infection can remain asymptomatic for decades before the development of liver cirrhosis and/or c...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2008.03.006
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that periodontitis is associated with prevalent and incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), raising the question of whether periodontitis treatment may improve glycemic control in patients with T2DM. Meta-analyses of mostly small clinical trials suggest that periodontitis treatment result...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2013.09.010
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large, "practical" or streamlined trials (LSTs) are used to study the effectiveness and/or safety of medicines in real world settings with minimal study imposed interventions. While LSTs have benefits over traditional randomized clinical trials and observational studies, there are inherent challenges to their conduct....
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2012.12.001
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Flaxseed is an important source of alpha-linolenic acid an essential omega-3 fatty acid. The possibility that a supplementation of the diet with foods rich in alpha-linolenic acid, antioxidants and fiber (like flaxseed) has not been investigated. METHODS/DESIGN:The primary objective is to determine whether ...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2011.05.005
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a convention, a p-value is often computed in hypothesis testing and compared with the nominal level of 0.05 to determine whether to reject the null hypothesis. Although the smaller the p-value, the more significant the statistical test, it is difficult to perceive the p-value in a probability scale and quantify it ...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2015.07.001
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively analyze the effects of long-acting gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) combined with transvaginal ultrasound-guided cyst aspiration on the pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) in the infertile patients with ovarian endometriosis. METHODS:The 134...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2012.07.009
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parents of young children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) experience unique, developmental challenges in managing their child's T1D, resulting in psychosocial distress. Only a small portion of young children reach glucose goals and adherence to diabetes devices that help improve T1D management have historically been low in...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2019.05.008
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:By 2020, 70% of people living with HIV in the United States will be greater than 50 years of age. As many as 37% of sexually active older people living with HIV (OPLWH) engage in HIV transmission sexual behaviors. In spite of repeated calls for secondary prevention interventions to reduce condomless sex in OPLW...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2020.106047
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Community Health Workers (CHWs) have been recommended to reduce diabetes disparities, but few robust trials of this approach have been conducted. Limitations of prior studies include: unspecified a priori outcomes; lack of blinded outcome assessments; high participant attrition rates; and lack of attention t...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2011.10.013
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Determining the quality of a randomized clinical trial (RCT) is necessary for decision-makers to determine the believability and applicability of the trial findings. Issues that are likely to affect the utility of RCT evidence include issues of bias, random error and applicability. In this article we focus primarily o...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2015.07.019
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are to fulfill their potential to allow health care providers to make informed inferences about the validity of the trials upon which they base their clinical practice, then the reporting of key methodological factors must improve. The revised Consolidated Standards for Reporting...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2005.02.008
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) programs reduce overall and cardiovascular mortality in patients with a history of acute coronary events or revascularization procedures, but only 30% of patients enroll in CR and attrition rates reach up to 60%. Tai chi, a mind-body practice based on light/moderate aerobic exer...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2015.06.020
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The FEVER (Frail Elderly Vibration Exercise Response) study aims to address a paucity of research focusing on the use of Whole Body Vibration (WBV) by frail elderly who, with the highest levels of dependence and fall-related hospitalisation/mortality, potentially stand to benefit most from such accessible ex...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2015.08.008
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recruitment of patients for clinical trials is one of the major hurdles on the way to successful completion of any human research study. Direct comparison of recruitment activity in different sites and projects is not easy due to lack of a unified measure of recruitment efficacy. The author introduces a new variable, ...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2005.05.001
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We developed a novel diagram to depict patient flow and outcomes in clinical trials. In contrast to flow diagrams such as the CONSORT chart, our diagram enables individual patient histories to be traced and depicts important patterns of treatment administration and outcomes, such as response and adverse events. Also, ...
journal_title：Contemporary clinical trials
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cct.2009.01.010
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
