Abstract：
:Electrical stimulation over the cerebellum is known to transiently suppress the contralateral motor cortex in humans. However, projections from the cerebellar nuclei to the primary motor cortex are disynaptic excitatory pathways through the ventral thalamus. In the present investigation we studied facilitatory effects on the motor cortical excitability elicited by electrical stimulation over the cerebellum by recording surface electromyographic (EMG) responses from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscle in nine normal volunteers. For primary motor cortical activation magnetic stimuli were given over the contralateral hand motor area with a figure-of-eight shaped coil with a current to preferentially elicit I3-waves (test stimulus). For cerebellar stimulation high-voltage electric stimuli were given with an anode on the ipsilateral mastoid process and a cathode over the contralateral process as previously described (conditioning stimulus). The effect of conditioning-test interstimulus intervals was investigated. Anodal cerebellar stimuli increased the size of EMG responses to magnetic cortical stimulation at an interstimulus interval of 3 ms. Reversing the current of conditioning stimulus abolished the facilitation. The same (anodal) conditioning stimuli did not affect electrically evoked cortical responses. Based on the effective polarity of the conditioning stimulus and the time course of facilitation we consider that this effect is due to motor cortical facilitation elicited by activation of the excitatory dentatothalamocortical pathway at the deep cerebellar nuclei or superior cerebellar peduncle. We conclude that the motor cortical facilitation is evoked by cerebellar stimulation in humans.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Iwata NK,Hanajima R,Furubayashi T,Terao Y,Uesugi H,Shiio Y,Enomoto H,Mochizuki H,Kanazawa I,Ugawa Ydoi
10.1007/s00221-004-1979-xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
418-24issue
4eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
159pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract：:In pigmented rabbits anesthetized with N2O (70%) and halothane (2-4%), Purkinje cells were extracellularly recorded in the flocculus. A large central visual field (60 degrees x 60 degrees) was used to optokinetically stimulate either the ipsi- or contralateral eye, and the direction and velocity selectivities of compl...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00228151
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this work was to study the neurochemical effects in the brain of GABA-transaminase inhibition by systemic administration of gabaculine (100 mg/kg, i.a.) in the rat. In order to investigate neurotransmitter and related amino-acid compartmentation and metabolism, we have developed an original tool: the coupli...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050802
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In general, social neuroscience research tends to focus on visual and auditory channels as routes for social information. However, because the skin is the site of events and processes crucial to the way we think about, feel about, and interact with one another, touch can mediate social perceptions in various ways. Thi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-2007-y
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated in sheep the effects of stimulation of the thick afferent fibers running through the lingual nerve (LN) upon the activity of some of the muscles and medullary interneurons or motoneurons which are active during swallowing. Using electromyography (EMG), and extra- and intracellular neuronal recording, w...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000361
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments were done to investigate the role of glutamatergic systems in the median preoptic nucleus (MnPO) in the water ingestion induced by administration of angiotensin II (ANG II) in the subfornical organ (SFO) in the awake rat. Microdialysis methods were utilized to quantify the extracellular content of glutamat...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-019-05681-1
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integrity of the paramedian pontine reticular formation (PPRF) is necessary for the generation of rapid eye movements. The main saccade-related population is of the burst type with latencies between 0 and 40 ms preceding a saccade, and they can be divided into medium- and long-lead burst neurons. Burst neurons hav...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237155
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present work was to characterize calcium responses of brain-capillary endothelial cells (BCEC), the cells forming the blood-brain barrier, to chemical, hyperosmolar and mechanical stimulation. Confluent BCEC cultures were grown from capillary fragments isolated from rat cerebral cortex. Intracellula...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210050755
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Efferents originating from the rat medial prefrontal cortex and projecting to diencephalic and mesencephalic structures were analyzed electrophysiologically. The antidromic activation technique was used in order to identify cortical neurons which innervate the medio-dorsal nucleus of the thalamus (MD), lateral habenul...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00239191
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theta burst stimulation (TBS) is a special repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) paradigm, where bursts of low-intensity stimuli are applied in the theta frequency. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of neuronavigated TBS over primary somatosensory cortex (SI) on laser-evoked potentials ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-1188-5
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A strong subjective tendency exists for simultaneous sound frequencies forming an harmonic series (integer multiples of the fundamental) to "group" together into a unified auditory percept whose pitch is similar to that of the fundamental. The aim of the study was to determine whether cortical auditory evoked potentia...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1482-9
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of perceptual and neurophysiological studies have investigated the effects of delivering unilateral versus bilateral tactile sensory stimulation. While a number of studies indicate that perceptual discrimination degrades with opposite-hand stimulation, there have been no reports that examined the digit specif...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-4045-3
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural changes of the cerebellum have been reported in several psychiatric diseases like schizophrenia, autism and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Beside behavioral deficits children with ADHD often show slight motor abnormalities. Cerebellar malfunction may contribute. The cerebellum is a structu...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-009-2020-1
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We explored changes in the cyclical two-finger force performance task caused by turning visual feedback off performed either by the index and middle fingers of the dominant hand or by two index fingers of two persons. Based on an earlier study, we expected drifts in finger force amplitude and midpoint without a drift ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-018-5179-5
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Multisensory integration" refers to the phenomenon by which information from different senses is integrated in order to interpret and guide responses to external events. Here, we advance two specific hypotheses: (1) the process of multisensory integration in spatial localization is statistically optimal, and (2) the ...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-006-0847-2
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracortical inhibition was investigated in normal human volunteers by paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation, using a new, computer-assisted threshold-tracking method. Motor threshold was defined as the stimulus amplitude required to evoke a motor evoked potential of 0.2 mV (peak-to-peak) in abductor pollici...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-001-0988-2
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to examine effects of different types of task constraints on coupling of perception and action in people with chronic stroke when crossing obstacles during a walking task. Ten participants with hemiplegic chronic stroke volunteered to walk over a static obstacle under two distinct task constr...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-017-4920-9
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trajectories of goal-directed movements are less curved for movements over a surface (constrained) than for movements in empty space (unconstrained). To study whether this difference arises from feeling the surface slip across the skin or having to control the movements in a third dimension, we manipulated the availab...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-014-4030-x
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrophysiological methods were employed to study the axonal properties of the neurons of anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), transition zone (TZ), and rostral prepyriform cortex (RPPC) and their projections towards the ipsilateral and contralateral olfactory bulb (IOB, COB) in the rat. Of 91 antidromically driven cel...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00237113
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examines the development of grip force modulation relating to self-induced loads during repetitive vertical arm movements at different frequencies with a hand-held object. One hundred and thirty-four 3- to 6-year-old children and 16 adults were asked to move a lightweight object up and down at increa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002210000622
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motor evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial electrical stimulation (TES) of the motor cortex were recorded in separate sessions to assess changes in motor cortex excitability after a fatiguing isometric maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) of the right ankle dorsa...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00240963
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Soleus (SOL) corticospinal excitability has been reported to increase during Achilles tendon vibration. The aim of the present study was to further investigate SOL corticospinal excitability and elucidate the changes to intracortical mechanisms during Achilles tendon vibration. Motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) were elic...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-015-4336-3
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In drawing a copy of a geometrical shape, a sequence of movements must be produced to represent the sides of the object in the proper spatial relationship. We investigated neural mechanisms of this process by training monkeys to draw (using a joystick) copies of geometrical shapes (triangles, squares, trapezoids and i...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-003-1416-6
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Humans are extraordinarily skilled in the tactile evaluation of, and differentiation between, surfaces. The chemical and mechanical properties of these surfaces are translated into tactile signals during haptic exploration by mechanoreceptors in our skin, which are specialized to respond to different types of temporal...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-020-05831-w
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We previously showed that saccades tend to overshoot briefly flashed targets that were manually displaced in the dark (Ren et al. 2006). However it was not clear if the overshoot originated from a sensory error in measuring hand displacement or from a premotor error in saccade programming, because gaze and hand positi...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-007-0981-5
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular single-unit recordings were made during day- and night-time in the pineal gland of urethane-anesthetized adult male Sprague-Dawley rats. All cells exhibiting spontaneous electrical activity had firing frequencies from less than 1 Hz to about 100 Hz, and their discharge patterns were characterized as regu...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235276
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Visual stimulation alone is sufficient to produce visually induced postural reactivity (VIPR). While some studies have shown that VIPR increases with the velocity of a moving visual stimulus, others have shown that it decreases with the temporal frequency of an oscillating visual stimulus. These results seem contradic...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00221-013-3592-3
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Large neurons of the mouse caudate nucleus contain profuse Nissl material, have a maximal pole-to-pole diameter of up to 25 micron, occur preferentially within a central or CORE zone of the neostriatum, and are almost always located within territories delimited by medium-sized clustered neurons. Examination of coronal...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00235886
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several types of continuous human movements comply with the so-called Two-Thirds Power Law (2/3-PL) stating that velocity (V) is a power function of the radius of curvature (R) of the endpoint trajectory. The origin of the 2/3-PL has been the object of much debate. An experiment investigated further this issue by comp...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00221-016-4569-9
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In one of the most-widely used species in pineal gland research, the strongly photoperiodic golden hamster, Mesocricetus auratus, no electrophysiological data on pinealocytes are currently available. To fill this gap, in the present study 185 spontaneously active pinealocytes from male golden hamsters were recorded ex...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00269449
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In cat medial gastrocnemius motoneurons, single stimuli to the cutaneous sural nerve evoke a post-synaptic potential with a mixture of depolarization and hyperpolarization, depolarization being dominant in type F cells and hyperpolarization in type S cells. This pattern is consistent with previous reports showing that...
journal_title：Experimental brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00230025
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
