Abstract:
:We investigated in sheep the effects of stimulation of the thick afferent fibers running through the lingual nerve (LN) upon the activity of some of the muscles and medullary interneurons or motoneurons which are active during swallowing. Using electromyography (EMG), and extra- and intracellular neuronal recording, we demonstrated that LN stimulation inhibited triggering and/or distal progression of deglutition reflexly induced by stimulation of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN). This inhibition appeared as a delay, or the interruption or total suppression, of the EMG and neuronal swallowing activities, depending on the interval between SLN and LN stimulation. It was apparent at the level of the muscles and motoneurons of the nucleus ambiguus, as well as at the level of the interneurons of the dorsal medulla within or around the nucleus of solitary tract, which are assumed to be the core of the organizing system for swallowing, the so-called central pattern generator (CPG). Taking into account the stimulation parameters used in our experiments, it was likely that only LN-mechanosensitive fibers were excited. These fibers were involved in the jaw-opening reflex, and possibly in mastication regulation. Therefore, inhibition of swallowing could result from interactions between the hindbrain mastication and swallowing CPGs. However, it was also possible that mechanosensitive afferents acted upon the swallowing CPG directly or indirectly through supramedullary, especially cortical, loops.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Zoungrana OR,Lamkadem M,Amri M,Car A,Roman Cdoi
10.1007/s002210000361keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-06-01 00:00:00pages
500-9issue
4eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
132pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The smooth pursuit eye movement system uses retinal information about the image-slip-velocity of the target in order to match the eye-velocity-in-space (i.e., gaze-velocity) to the actual target velocity. To maintain the target image on the fovea during smooth gaze tracking, and to compensate for the long delays invol...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1088-7
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since normal human subjects can perform smooth-pursuit eye movements only in the presence of a moving target, the occurrence of these eye movements represents an ideal behavioural probe to monitor the successful processing of visual motion. It has been shown previously that subjects can execute smooth-pursuit eye move...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210000459
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Movement sequences such as typing or tapping display important interactions among finger movements arising from anticipatory motion (preparing for upcoming events) and coupling (non-independence among fingers). We examined pianists' finger tapping for the influence of cognitive chunking processes and biomechanical cou...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0760-8
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early postnatal application of thyroid hormones to rats results in morphological changes in septum and hippocampus. Modulation in the expression of either neurotrophins and/or their receptors is postulated to be responsible for these effects. In the present study we tested whether thyroxine administration leads to cha...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210050313
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study employed neurophysiological methods to relate the condition of the corticospinal system with the voluntary control of lower-limb muscles in persons with motor-incomplete spinal cord injury. It consisted of two phases. In a group of ten healthy subjects, single and paired transcranial magnetic stimulation (T...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-004-2190-9
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied Fos expression in the central nociceptive pathways at different sedative levels in order to clarify the central mechanism of propofol's nociceptive action. Sprague-Dawley rats received propofol (PRO) or pentobarbital (PEN) and were divided into two groups with different doses of drug administration (light a...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0779-x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of voltage-gated K(+) channels (Kv) can be dynamically modulated by several events, including neurotransmitter stimulated biochemical cascades mediated by G protein-coupled receptors such as 5-HT2 receptors (5-HT2Rs). Activation of 5-HT2A/CR inhibits the Shaker-like K(+) channels Kv1.1 and Kv1.2, and this...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3555-8
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The developing lateral geniculate complex was excised from fetal albino rats at 18 days of gestation and implanted into the occipital cortex of host animals at 5 days of postnatal age. Groups of host animals were sacrificed at 10, 20 and 30 days following this procedure. The transplant tissue of selected animals was s...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235864
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The course and cerebellar termination of the axons of the cells in the central cervical nucleus (CCN) was studied in five cats after injections of wheat germ agglutinin-horseradish peroxidase conjugate (WGA-HRP) into the C1-4 segments involving the CCN. In two cats a hemisection was performed ipsilateral to and above ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00248549
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurostimulation, e.g., transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), shows promise as an effective cognitive intervention. In spite of low spatial resolution, limited penetration, and temporary influence, evidence highlights tDCS-linked cognitive benefits in a range of cognitive domains. The left posterior parietal...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-4090-y
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Empathy, i.e., the ability to perceive and share another person's affective state, is associated with activity in a complex neural network, including the anterior insula, the anterior and mid-cingulate cortex, and the lateral prefrontal cortex. Here, we were interested in the question how facial emotions influence the...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-016-4731-4
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhythmic movement patterns between the hands in response to environmental signals are studied in normal (musicians and nonmusicians) and split-brain subjects. Only two phase-locked states - in-phase and anti-phase - are shown to be stable for all subjects. Split-brain subjects show an even greater attraction to these ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247936
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Explant cultures of rat spinal cord, brain stem and cerebellum were used to visualize GABAA-receptors by means of immunohistochemistry. For these studies we have incubated the cultures with the monoclonal antibody bd 17 against the beta-subunit of the GABAA/benzodiazepine/chloride channel complex. In spinal cord cultu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228810
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study exploited the alterations in pedal speed and joints kinematics elicited by changing crank length (CL) to test how altered task mechanics during cycling will modulate the muscle activation characteristics in human rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris long head (BF), soleus (SOL) and tibialis anterior (TA). Ki...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1561-y
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of spontaneous unitary activity of rat neocortex was investigated during slow wave sleep and urethane anaesthesia. Neurones in layer IV and V locations fired in a burst-pause pattern at a low burst repetition rate (0.5-4 per second) during both stage 3/4 sleep and urethane anaesthesia. Occasionally an alter...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237474
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that some of the electromyographic (EMG) responses elicited in preactivated forearm muscles by transcranial stimulation of the human motor cortex are produced by activity in a disynaptic corticospinal linkage involving propriospinal-like interneurones with cell bodies in the spinal C3-4 segmen...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00229634
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the effects of declined accommodation on reading performance in non-native and native languages. Eighteen native Japanese speakers participated: eight presbyopes and ten non-presbyopes. In the experiment, participants were asked to scan, or sequentially read six-word items presented in two-line...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05588-x
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Emotional processing that occurs partially in advance of perceptual processing is known as pre-perceptual emotional processing. The facilitation of sensory processing due to pre-perceptual emotional processing can be observed in visual search and attentional blink tasks. However, previous event-related potential studi...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-015-4486-3
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To measure dynamic visuo-motor coupling within the two hemispheres, we showed observers an animation of a rotating cup. They indicated with left or right buttons when a fixation dot in the center of the animation changed color. For either hand, response times changed continuously with the irrelevant position of the cu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0781-3
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Postural control is an important factor for early motor development; however, compared with adults, little is known about how infants control their unperturbed upright posture. This lack of knowledge, particularly with respect to spatial and temporal characteristics of infants' unperturbed independent standing, repres...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1236-1
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the finger interactions during maximum voluntary force (MVF) production in flexion and extension in children and adults. The goal of this study was to investigate the age-related changes and flexion-extension differences of MVF and finger interaction indices, such as finger inter-dependency (force enslaving...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-006-0629-x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The companion article (Sholomenko et al. 1991) described the brainstem locomoter regions in the bird where direct intracerebral injection of a number of putative excitatory neurochemicals, including cholinergic agonists, N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and Substance P, evoke locomotion. Using the same experimental protoco...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00231753
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A green button may be the target of a movement, or it may instruct the opening of an adjacent door. In the first case, its spatial configuration serves to guide the hand, whereas in the second case its colour allows a decision between alternative courses of action. This study contrasts these two categories of visuomot...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210100877
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of foot position and foot orientation on asymmetrical body weight loading and the inter- and intra-foot coordination dynamics of standing postures. The participants were instructed to stand with the feet side-by-side and in staggered and tandem positions with the right foot oriented at diffe...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3627-9
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We assessed the influence of vestibular stimulation by whole-body oscillation in the yaw plane on the cardiorespiratory responses after a change of posture from sitting to standing. Eighteen healthy subjects (21-70 years old) and six patients with bilateral vestibular loss (46-59 years old) were tested. For comparison...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1422-8
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of perceptual and neurophysiological studies have investigated the effects of delivering unilateral versus bilateral tactile sensory stimulation. While a number of studies indicate that perceptual discrimination degrades with opposite-hand stimulation, there have been no reports that examined the digit specif...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-014-4045-3
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Optokinetic circular vection (CV) was investigated in 12 subjects using an optokinetic pattern rotating at 15 degrees /s, 30 degrees /s, or 60 degrees /s, and four viewing conditions: FOL, subjects attentively followed details of pattern; STA, subjects stared at the pattern; SUP, subjects suppressed their optokinetic ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1104-y
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We constructed average histograms from responses evoked by flashing stimuli and noted previously described variations in the shape of the response profile, particularly with respect to sharpness of the peak. To express this variable, we measured the half-rise latency, which is the latency from stimulus onset required ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00242177
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observing an action activates action representations in the motor system. Moreover, the representations of manipulable objects are closely linked to the motor systems at a functional and neuroanatomical level. Here, we investigated whether action observation can facilitate object recognition using an action priming pa...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1953-8
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Unitary discharges of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) were analyzed in anesthetized and paralyzed rats after inactivation of visual cortical areas (VC) by cryoblockade or by depositing a cotton wick soaked in KCl (3 M). The receptive fields were mapped prior to and following the interruption of the cortico-genicu...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00238152
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00