Anandamide transport is independent of fatty-acid amide hydrolase activity and is blocked by the hydrolysis-resistant inhibitor AM1172.

abstract：:The mitogenic neuropeptides bombesin and vasopressin markedly increased tyrosine and serine phosphorylation of multiple substrates in quiescent Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts, including two major bands of Mr 90,000 and 115,000. Tyrosine phosphorylation of these proteins was increased as judged by immunoprecipitation of 32Pi-la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zachary I,Gil J,Lehmann W,Sinnett-Smith J,Rozengurt E

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tripeptidyl peptidase II (TPPII) is a eukaryotic protease acting downstream of the 26S proteasome; it removes tripeptides from the degradation products released by the proteasome. Structural studies in vitro have revealed the basic architecture of TPPII, a two-stranded linear polymer that assembles to form a spindle-s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fukuda Y,Beck F,Plitzko JM,Baumeister W

更新日期：2017-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Minimally invasive detection of cell death could prove an invaluable resource in many physiologic and pathologic situations. Cell-free circulating DNA (cfDNA) released from dying cells is emerging as a diagnostic tool for monitoring cancer dynamics and graft failure. However, existing methods rely on differences in DN...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lehmann-Werman R,Neiman D,Zemmour H,Moss J,Magenheim J,Vaknin-Dembinsky A,Rubertsson S,Nellgård B,Blennow K,Zetterberg H,Spalding K,Haller MJ,Wasserfall CH,Schatz DA,Greenbaum CJ,Dorrell C,Grompe M,Zick A,Hubert A,M

更新日期：2016-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The type of cytokines produced during T cell responses determines susceptibility or resistance to many pathogens and influences the development of autoimmunity and allergy. To define the role of individual accessory molecules in cytokine production during primary immune responses, Drosophila cell lines expressing muri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luksch CR,Winqvist O,Ozaki ME,Karlsson L,Jackson MR,Peterson PA,Webb SR

更新日期：1999-03-16 00:00:00

abstract：:In diabetes, the death of insulin-producing beta-cells by apoptosis leads to insulin deficiency. The lower prevalence of diabetes in females suggests that female sex steroids protect from beta-cell injury. Consistent with this hypothesis, 17beta-estradiol (estradiol) manifests antidiabetic actions in humans and rodent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Le May C,Chu K,Hu M,Ortega CS,Simpson ER,Korach KS,Tsai MJ,Mauvais-Jarvis F

更新日期：2006-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The RNA-directed DNA polymerase (deoxynucleosidetriphosphate:DNA deoxynucleotidyltransferase EC 2.7.7.7) of avian oncornavirus requires a tryptophan tRNA (tRNATrp) primer molecule located close to the 5' end of the viral RNA genome for the initiation of DNA synthesis in vitro. In this communication we demonstrate that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Collett MS,Faras AJ

更新日期：1976-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human brain functional networks are embedded in anatomical space and have topological properties--small-worldness, modularity, fat-tailed degree distributions--that are comparable to many other complex networks. Although a sophisticated set of measures is available to describe the topology of brain networks, the selec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vértes PE,Alexander-Bloch AF,Gogtay N,Giedd JN,Rapoport JL,Bullmore ET

更新日期：2012-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluorescence properties of GFP are strongly influenced by the protonation states of its chromophore and nearby amino acid side chains. In the ground state, the GFP chromophore is neutral and absorbs in the near UV. Upon excitation, the chromophore is deprotonated, and the resulting anionic chromophore emits its gr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kennis JT,Larsen DS,van Stokkum IH,Vengris M,van Thor JJ,van Grondelle R

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Intergroup conflict is a persistent feature of many human societies yet little is known about why individuals participate when doing so imposes a mortality risk. To evaluate whether participation in warfare is associated with reproductive benefits, we present data on participation in small-scale livestock raids among ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Glowacki L,Wrangham R

更新日期：2015-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Understanding the distinct genetic and epigenetic changes contributing to the establishment and growth of metastatic lesions is crucial for the development of novel therapeutic strategies. In a search for key regulators of col...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rychahou PG,Kang J,Gulhati P,Doan HQ,Chen LA,Xiao SY,Chung DH,Evers BM

更新日期：2008-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise of peptides with secondary structures and functions would have been a key step in the chemical evolution which led to life. As with modern biology, amino acid sequence would have been a primary determinant of peptide structure and activity in an origins-of-life scenario. It is a commonly held hypothesis that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Forsythe JG,Petrov AS,Millar WC,Yu SS,Krishnamurthy R,Grover MA,Hud NV,Fernández FM

更新日期：2017-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The glycosyltransferases of the mammalian Golgi complex must recycle between the stacked cisternae of that organelle to maintain their proper steady-state localization. This trafficking is mediated by COPI-coated vesicles, but how the glycosyltransferases are incorporated into these transport vesicles is poorly unders...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu L,Doray B,Kornfeld S

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of Drosophila requires the function of the CREB-binding protein, dCBP. In flies, dCBP serves as a coactivator for the transcription factors Cubitus interruptus, Dorsal, and Mad, and as a cosuppressor of Drosophila T cell factor. Current models propose that CBP, through its intrinsic and associated hist...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bantignies F,Goodman RH,Smolik SM

更新日期：2002-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:In Xenopus oocytes injected with rat brain mRNA, as in neurons, glycine greatly potentiated responses of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) type of excitatory amino acid receptor. Injected oocytes generated a partially desensitizing inward current in response to NMDA with 30 nM added glycine. As the added glycine concent...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerma J,Zukin RS,Bennett MV

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synovial membranes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis as well as other types of chronic destructive inflammatory arthritis contain infiltrates of activated T lymphocytes that probably contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease. In an effort to elucidate the nature of these infiltrates, interleukin 2 (IL-2)-respo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stamenkovic I,Stegagno M,Wright KA,Krane SM,Amento EP,Colvin RB,Duquesnoy RJ,Kurnick JT

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The generation of diverse neuronal types and subtypes from multipotent progenitors during development is crucial for assembling functional neural circuits in the adult central nervous system. During mouse retinogenesis, early retinal progenitors give rise to several cell types, including ganglion, amacrine, horizontal...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luo H,Jin K,Xie Z,Qiu F,Li S,Zou M,Cai L,Hozumi K,Shima DT,Xiang M

更新日期：2012-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural products have long served as both a source and inspiration for pharmaceuticals. Modifying the structure of a natural product often improves the biological activity of the compound. Metabolic engineering strategies to ferment "unnatural" products have been enormously successful in microbial organisms. However, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Runguphan W,Maresh JJ,O'Connor SE

更新日期：2009-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Successful treatment in allergic, autoimmune, and infectious diseases often requires altering the nature of a detrimental immune response mediated by a particular CD4+ T helper (Th) cell subset. While several factors contribute to the development of CD4+ Th1 and Th2 cells, the requirements for switching an established...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nabors GS,Afonso LC,Farrell JP,Scott P

更新日期：1995-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen trifluoride (NF(3)) has potential to make a growing contribution to the Earth's radiative budget; however, our understanding of its atmospheric burden and emission rates has been limited. Based on a revision of our previous calibration and using an expanded set of atmospheric measurements together with an atm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arnold T,Harth CM,Mühle J,Manning AJ,Salameh PK,Kim J,Ivy DJ,Steele LP,Petrenko VV,Severinghaus JP,Baggenstos D,Weiss RF

更新日期：2013-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Ca2+, pheromones, sweet taste compounds, and the main neurotransmitters glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid activate G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that constitute the GPCR family 3. These receptors are dimers, and each subunit has a large extracellular domain called a Venus flytrap module (VFTM), where agonist...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bessis AS,Rondard P,Gaven F,Brabet I,Triballeau N,Prezeau L,Acher F,Pin JP

更新日期：2002-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) refers to the earliest clinical manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). Currently there are no prognostic biological markers that accurately predict conversion of CIS to clinically definite MS (CDMS). Furthermore, the earliest molecular events in MS are still unknown. We used micro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Corvol JC,Pelletier D,Henry RG,Caillier SJ,Wang J,Pappas D,Casazza S,Okuda DT,Hauser SL,Oksenberg JR,Baranzini SE

更新日期：2008-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant steroid hormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), are of great importance for plant growth and development. BRs signal through a cell surface receptor kinase, BRI1, and a GSK3-like kinase, BIN2, to regulate the BES1/BZR1 family of transcription factors, which directly bind to target gene promoters to activate or repress...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu X,Li L,Li L,Guo M,Chory J,Yin Y

更新日期：2008-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Summertime Arctic shipboard observations of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (OVOCs) such as organic acids, key precursors of climatically active secondary organic aerosol (SOA), are consistent with a novel source of OVOCs to the marine boundary layer via chemistry at the sea surface microlayer. Although this sou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mungall EL,Abbatt JPD,Wentzell JJB,Lee AKY,Thomas JL,Blais M,Gosselin M,Miller LA,Papakyriakou T,Willis MD,Liggio J

更新日期：2017-06-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Sr-bearing marine barite [(Ba x , Sr1-x )SO4] cycling has been widely used to reconstruct geochemical evolutions of paleoenvironments. However, an understanding of barite precipitation in the ocean, which is globally undersaturated with respect to barite, is missing. Moreo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Deng N,Stack AG,Weber J,Cao B,De Yoreo JJ,Hu Y

更新日期：2019-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding molecular mechanisms in the context of living cells requires the development of new methods of in vivo biochemical analysis to complement established in vitro biochemistry. A critically important molecular mechanism is genetic recombination, required for the beneficial reassortment of genetic information...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cockram CA,Filatenkova M,Danos V,El Karoui M,Leach DR

更新日期：2015-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In monocots, many genes demonstrate a significant negative GC gradient, meaning that the GC content declines along the orientation of transcription. Such a gradient is not observed in the genes of the dicot plant Arabidopsis. In addition, a lack of homology is often observed when comparing the 5' end of the coding reg...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jiang N,Ferguson AA,Slotkin RK,Lisch D

更新日期：2011-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Tissue- and cell-specific deletion of the Aqp4 gene is required to differentiate between the numerous pools of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channels. A glial-conditional Aqp4 knockout mouse line was generated to resolve whether astroglial AQP4 controls water exchange across the blood-brain interface. The conditional knock...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haj-Yasein NN,Vindedal GF,Eilert-Olsen M,Gundersen GA,Skare Ø,Laake P,Klungland A,Thorén AE,Burkhardt JM,Ottersen OP,Nagelhus EA

更新日期：2011-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, has reservoirs in fresh and brackish water where it interacts with virulent bacteriophages. Phages are the most abundant biological entity on earth and coevolve with bacteria. It was reported that concentrations of phage and V. cholerae inversely correlate in aquatic re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silva-Valenzuela CA,Camilli A

更新日期：2019-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthetic polypeptide antigen poly(LTyr, LGlu)-poly(DLAl)- -poly(LLys)[T,G)-A- -L] was covalently linked to N-acetylmuramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP), which is the minimal adjuvant-active structure that can substitute for Mycobacteria in complete Freund's adjuvant. When injected in aqueous solution into mice, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mozes E,Sela M,Chedid L

更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insertion of trocars, needles, and catheters into unintended tissues or tissue compartments results in hundreds of thousands of complications annually. Current methods for blood vessel cannulation or epidural, chest tube, and initial trocar placement often involve the blind pass of a needle through several layers of t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bassett EK,Slocum AH,Masiakos PT,Pryor HI 2nd,Farokhzad OC,Karp JM

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00