Abstract:
:Murine embryonic stem (ES) cells were infected with a retrovirus promoter trap vector, and clones expressing lacZ fusion genes (LacZ+) were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Of 12 fusion genes tested, 1 was repressed when ES cells were allowed to differentiate in vitro. Two of three lacZ fusion genes tested were passed into the germ line, indicating that FACS does not significantly affect stem cell totipotency. The pattern of lacZ expression observed in vivo was consistent with that seen in vitro. Both fusion genes were expressed in preimplantation blastulas. However, a fusion gene whose expression was unaffected by in vitro differentiation was ubiquitously expressed in day-10 embryos, while the other, which showed regulated expression in vitro, was restricted to cells located along the posterior neural fold, the optic chiasm, and within the fourth ventricle. These results demonstrate the utility of using promoter trap vectors in conjunction with fluorescence sorting to disrupt developmentally regulated genes in mice.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Reddy S,Rayburn H,von Melchner H,Ruley HEdoi
10.1073/pnas.89.15.6721keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-08-01 00:00:00pages
6721-5issue
15eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The human Melan-A/MART-1 gene encodes an HLA-A2-restricted peptide epitope recognized by melanoma-reactive CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Here we report that this gene also encodes at least one HLA-DR4-presented peptide recognized by CD4(+) T cells. The Melan-A/MART-1(51-73) peptide was able to induce the in vitro ex...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2000-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::The recent development of metallic glass-matrix composites represents a particular milestone in engineering materials for structural applications owing to their remarkable combination of strength and toughness. However, metallic glasses are highly susceptible to cyclic fatigue damage, and previous attempts to solve th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0900740106
更新日期:2009-03-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1514157112
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11871
更新日期:1996-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::When grafting or wounding disconnects stem tissues, new tissues are generated to restore the lost connection. In this study, the molecular mechanism of such healing was elucidated in injured stems of Arabidopsis. Soon after the inflorescence stems were incised, the pith cells started to divide. This process was strong...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2011-09-20 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-03-18 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1995-09-26 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2012-02-14 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-12-24 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-02-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1512779113
更新日期:2016-01-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2006111117
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0702975104
更新日期:2007-05-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2020-06-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2015-08-18 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2014-07-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ferritin has a protein shell of 5 X 10(6) Da consisting of 24 subunits of two types, a heavier (H) chain of 21,000 Da and a lighter (L) chain of 19,000 Da. A cDNA clone of the messenger for the L subunit has been isolated from a human monocyte-like leukemia cell line. The clone contains an open reading frame of 522 nu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2005-04-05 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.18.6697
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Programmed cell death regulates a number of biological phenomena, and the apoptotic signal must itself be tightly controlled to avoid inappropriate cell death. We established a genetic screen to search for molecules that inhibit the apoptotic signal from the Fas receptor. Here we report the isolation of a gene, LFG, t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1999-10-26 00:00:00
abstract::Dual-color fluorescence cross-correlation spectroscopy (dual-color FCS) has previously been shown to be a suitable tool not only for binding but also for catalytic rate studies. In this work, its application as a rapid method for high-throughput screening (HTS) and evolutionary biotechnology is described. This applica...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-02-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.6973
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1321195111
更新日期:2014-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Simulations with a regional chemical transport model show that anthropogenic emissions of volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides (NO(x) = NO + NO(2)) lead to a dramatic diurnal variation of surface ozone (O(3)) in Houston, Texas. During the daytime, photochemical oxidation of volatile organic compounds catalyz...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401484101
更新日期:2004-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::New experiments using scanning probe microcopies and advanced optical methods allow us to study molecules as individuals, not just as populations. The findings of these studies not only include the confirmation of results expected from studies of bulk matter, but also give substantially new information concerning the ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.20.11075
更新日期:1999-09-28 00:00:00