Abstract:
:Recently, ATP has gained much interest as an extracellular messenger involved in the communication of calcium signals between cells. The mechanism of ATP release is, however, still a matter of debate. In the present study we investigated the possible contribution of connexin hemichannels or ion channels in the release of ATP in GP8, a rat brain endothelial cell line. Release of ATP was triggered by photoactivation of InsP(3) or by reducing the extracellular calcium concentration. Both trigger protocols induced ATP release significantly above baseline. InsP(3)-triggered ATP release was completely blocked by alpha-glycyrrhetinic acid (alpha-GA), the connexin mimetic peptides gap 26 and 27, and the trivalent ions gadolinium and lanthanum. ATP release triggered by zero calcium was, in addition to these substances, also blocked by flufenamic acid (FFA), niflumic acid, and NPPB. Gap 27 selectively blocked zero calcium-triggered ATP release in connexin-43 transfected HeLa cells, while having no effect in wild-type and connexin-32 transfected cells. Of all the agents used, only alpha-GA, FFA and NPPB significantly reduced gap junctional coupling. In conclusion, InsP(3) and zero calcium-triggered ATP release show major similarities but also some differences in their sensitivity to the agents applied. It is suggested that both stimuli trigger ATP release through the same mechanism, which is connexin-dependent, permeable in both directions, potently blocked by connexin mimetic peptides, and consistent with the opening of connexin hemichannels.
journal_name
J Cell Physioljournal_title
Journal of cellular physiologyauthors
Braet K,Aspeslagh S,Vandamme W,Willecke K,Martin PE,Evans WH,Leybaert Ldoi
10.1002/jcp.10365keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-11-01 00:00:00pages
205-13issue
2eissn
0021-9541issn
1097-4652journal_volume
197pub_type
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