Uniformity of serotype and electropherotype in local human rotavirus isolates during each of three successive cold seasons.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recent studies have found that cotinine is a better predictor of birthweight than the number of cigarettes smoked in pregnancy. In this paper we test this hypothesis and use cotinine to explore the effect of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on birthweight. METHODS:In all, 1254 white women were interviewed ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Peacock JL,Cook DG,Carey IM,Jarvis MJ,Bryant AE,Anderson HR,Bland JM

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The incidence of hepatitis C (HCV) infection among injecting drug users (IDUs) in Dublin is particularly high by international standards. The most robust predictor of an IDU's HCV status is his or her total number of lifetime injecting episodes. It has been proposed that participation in specific unsafe inje...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Smyth BP,Barry J,Keenan E

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A case-control study has been performed for occupational risk factors of acute leukaemia, based on 185 cases more than 30 years old and 513 matched controls. There was a significant excess of polyvalent farming and electronic engineers among professions of cases, and, in addition of metal workers when considering the ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Richardson S,Zittoun R,Bastuji-Garin S,Lasserre V,Guihenneuc C,Cadiou M,Viguie F,Laffont-Faust I

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Workers in the corn wet-milling industry are exposed to grain dusts, pesticides and fumigants, acids, solvents, sulphur dioxide, and other chemicals used in the manufacture of starch, oil, syrup, and dextrins. In a preliminary investigation of the long-term health effects of occupational exposures in this industry, de...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Thomas TL,Krekel S,Heid M

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An outbreak of typhoid fever occurred in Chu-Tung township, Taiwan, with dates of onset from 6 July to 8 August, 1983. Fifty-four cases were hospitalized, of which 52 were laboratory confirmed. A chloramphenicol-resistant strain of Salmonella typhi was isolated from patients' blood samples. A community survey of 2772 ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： King CC,Chen CJ,You SL,Chuang YC,Huang HH,Tsai WC

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In the past, upward shifts of the so-called Preston curve, which relates life expectancy to national income, have contributed importantly to worldwide increases in life expectancy. These shifts were due to rapid diffusion of knowledge and technology for infectious disease control from high-income to low-inco...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mackenbach JP,Looman CW

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Birbhum HDSS was established in 2008 and covers 351 villages in four administrative blocks in rural areas of Birbhum district of West Bengal, India. The project currently follows 54 585 individuals living in 12557 households. The population being followed up is economically underprivileged and socially marginalize...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ghosh S,Barik A,Majumder S,Gorain A,Mukherjee S,Mazumdar S,Chatterjee K,Bhaumik SK,Bandyopadhyay SK,Satpathi B,Majumder PP,Chowdhury A

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that in utero exposure to undernutrition and overnutrition might affect adiposity in later life. Epigenetic modification is suggested as a plausible mediating mechanism. METHODS:We used multivariable linear regression and a negative control design to examine offspring epigenome-wide DNA me...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharp GC,Lawlor DA,Richmond RC,Fraser A,Simpkin A,Suderman M,Shihab HA,Lyttleton O,McArdle W,Ring SM,Gaunt TR,Davey Smith G,Relton CL

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is a study of the associations of adult leg and trunk length with early life height and weight, diet, socioeconomic circumstances, and health, and parental height, divorce and death. METHOD:The data used were collected in a longitudinal study of the health, development and ageing of a British national ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wadsworth ME,Hardy RJ,Paul AA,Marshall SF,Cole TJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nitrogen dioxide (NO(2)), an oxidant gas that contaminates both outdoor and indoor air, is considered to be a potential risk factor for asthma. We investigated concurrently the effects of outdoor and indoor NO(2) on the prevalence and incidence of respiratory symptoms among children. METHODS:A cohort study ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Shima M,Adachi M

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increases in measles antibodies without rash-illnesses have been documented in previously vaccinated children exposed to measles cases. The phenomenon has been incompletely evaluated in young unvaccinated infants with immunity of maternal origin. METHODS:Monthly cohorts of newborns were prospectively random...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Bennett J,Whittle H,Samb B,Cisse B,Simondon F,Aaby P

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute respiratory infection (ARI) is a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in developing countries. Community surveys are used to determine the proportion of children with ARI for whom care is sought by questioning mothers about the signs and symptoms of illness episodes. The validity of this ap...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Harrison LH,Moursi S,Guinena AH,Gadomski AM,el-Ansary KS,Khallaf N,Black RE

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence that occupational factors that cause psychological strain can affect physical and mental health, but findings are not consistent. METHODS:Work satisfaction was used as a convenient global index of job-related psychological strain. Relationships with general, physical and emotional health, ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Abramson JH,Gofin J,Habib J,Noam G,Kark JD

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the use of the case-study or problem-solving method of teaching epidemiology, the technique of the 'blind' problem, namely the withholding of the diagnosis of the disease until the end, presents many advantages. The student is forced to confront the purely epidemiological data without being prejudiced by his precon...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Langmuir AD

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Until recently, botulism was not recognized as an important public health problem in Taiwan. In 1986, an outbreak of type A foodborne botulism resulted in nine cases, two of them fatal. The vehicle in this outbreak was commercially preserved peanuts processed by an improperly equipped, unlicensed cannery. A single bat...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chou JH,Hwang PH,Malison MD

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An elderly Belgian population group anno 1986 consisting of 53 men and 110 women above the age of 75 years with a mean age of 80 and 81 years, respectively, is characterized by relative obesity and low diastolic blood pressure, both in men and women. The SBP/DBP ratio is 1.91 in men and 1.88 in women. HDL-cholesterol ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kesteloot H,Heyrman J,Geboers J,De Lepeleire J,Lissens W

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In sub-Saharan Africa, the prevalence of orphanhood among children has been greatly exacerbated by the HIV/AIDS pandemic. If orphanhood harms a child's development and these effects perpetuate into adult life, then the African orphan crisis could seriously jeopardize the continent's future generations. Wheth...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Beegle K,De Weerdt J,Dercon S

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In 1983 and 1984, surveys were conducted in four Chinese population samples, urban and rural for both Beijing and Guangzhou, as part of PRC-USA collaborative research in cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary epidemiology. Serum total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG) were measured in 4280 ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Tao S,Li Y,Xiao Z,Cen R,Zhang H,Zhuo Y,Zhou B,Chen P,Li Y,Liao Y

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aboriginal communities have a high prevalence of upper and lower respiratory tract disease. One thousand two hundred and eighty seven West Australian Aborigines and 265 non-Aborigines were examined. Twenty nine per cent of Aborigines had lower respiratory tract abnormalities. Amongst 635 Aboriginal children less than ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Torzillo PJ,Waterford JE,Hollows FC,Jones DL

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estimating the number of people in hidden populations is needed for public health research, yet available methods produce highly variable and uncertain results. The Anchored Multiplier calculator uses a Bayesian framework to synthesize multiple population size estimates to generate a consensus estimate. Users submit p...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Wesson PD,McFarland W,Qin CC,Mirzazadeh A

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Results from some retrospective studies suggest a possible increased risk of glioma and acoustic neuroma in users of mobile phones. METHODS:The relation between mobile phone use and incidence of intracranial central nervous system (CNS) tumours and other cancers was examined in 791,710 middle-aged women in ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Benson VS,Pirie K,Schüz J,Reeves GK,Beral V,Green J,Million Women Study Collaborators.

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using routinely collected maternity discharge data from 250,000 women in Scotland, we examined the risks of late spontaneous abortion and preterm delivery during the period 20 up to 36 weeks of gestation. Gestational age is treated as a fetal survival time and the risks of delivery associated with a history of spontan...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Pickering RM,Deeks JJ

更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparative study of the effects of combined oral contraceptives (OC) on coagulation and fibrinolytic variables using standardized laboratory technique and methodology has been performed in Dublin (Ireland), Salvador (Brazil), Santiago (Chile) and Singapore. Of 777 entrants to the study, 622 were randomly allocated ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Leck I,Thomson JM,Bocaz JA,Barja P,Bonnar J,Daly L,Carrol A,Coutinho E,Goncalves M,Tsakok M

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of household exposure to cigarette smoke on hospitalization and incidence of respiratory illness were examined among 2227 children at Chang-Ning District, Shanghai Municipality, People's Republic of China. The passive smoking quantity was estimated by total daily cigarette consumption of family members and...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Chen Y,Li WX,Yu SZ,Qian WH

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Child mortality estimates in Beirut are presented for the late 1970s and the mid 1980s, and changes in socio-religious differentials of mortality across time are investigated. METHODS:Baseline information was obtained from maternity registries in Beirut in 1984 and 1991. Age of mother, number of children ev...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Deeb M,Khlat M,Courbage Y

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although cigarette smoking is considered to be the most important cause of lung cancer, smoking behaviour cannot fully explain the epidemiological characteristics of lung cancer in Taiwanese women, who rarely smoke but contract lung cancer relatively often. There are other causes of lung cancer that have pro...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ko YC,Lee CH,Chen MJ,Huang CC,Chang WY,Lin HJ,Wang HZ,Chang PY

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ballabgarh Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS), also known as the Comprehensive Rural Health Services Project (CRHSP) Ballabgarh, is located in north India and was established in 1961 to develop a model for rural health-care practice in India. In addition to demographic surveillance and community-bas...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kant S,Misra P,Gupta S,Goswami K,Krishnan A,Nongkynrih B,Rai SK,Srivastava R,Pandav CS

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Uncontrolled confounding by personal exposures like smoking can limit the inferential power of occupational cohort studies. We developed and demonstrate a refinement of an existing type of sensitivity analysis, indirect adjustment, for evaluating the potential magnitude of confounding by alcohol and tobacco....

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kriebel D,Zeka A,Eisen EA,Wegman DH

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Methodological issues in the design and interpretation of cross-sectional interview surveys of the prevalence of acute respiratory infections (ARI) were assessed among young children. METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted in approximately 20,000 children in the north of Ghana. Approximately half we...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Ross DA,Huttly SR,Dollimore N,Binka FN

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Combatting Childhood Communicable Disease (CCCD) project is a comprehensive public health programme designed to reduce child mortality by 25% through the use of the following strategies: vaccination, oral rehydration therapy, and prompt treatment for malaria. To evaluate this programme, cross-sectional surveys wer...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Taylor WR,Chahnazarian A,Weinman J,Wernette M,Roy J,Pebley AR,Bele O,Ma-Disu M

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00