Abstract:
:Synapsin I, a prominent phosphoprotein in nerve terminals, is proposed to modulate exocytosis by interaction with the cytoplasmic surface of small synaptic vesicles and cytoskeletal elements in a phosphorylation-dependent manner. Tetanus toxin (TeTx), a potent inhibitor of neurotransmitter release, attenuated the depolarization-stimulated increase in synapsin I phosphorylation in rat cortical particles and in synaptosomes. TeTx also markedly decreased the translocation of synapsin I from the small synaptic vesicles and the cytoskeleton into the cytosol, on depolarization of synaptosomes. The effect of TeTx on synapsin I phosphorylation was both time and TeTx concentration dependent and required active toxin. One- and two-dimensional peptide maps of synapsin I with V8 proteinase and trypsin, respectively, showed no differences in the relative phosphorylation of peptides for the control and TeTx-treated synaptosomes, suggesting that both the calmodulin- and the cyclic AMP-dependent kinases that label this protein are equally affected. Phosphorylation of synapsin IIb and the B-50 protein (GAP43), a known substrate of protein kinase C, was also inhibited by TeTx. TeTx affected only a limited number of phosphoproteins and the calcium-dependent decrease in dephosphin phosphorylation remained unaffected. In vitro phosphorylation of proteins in lysed synaptosomes was not influenced by prior TeTx treatment of the intact synaptosomes or by the addition of TeTx to lysates, suggesting that the effect of TeTx on protein phosphorylation was indirect. Our data demonstrate that TeTx inhibits neurotransmitter release, the phosphorylation of a select group of phosphoproteins in nerve terminals, and the translocation of synapsin I. These findings contribute to our understanding of the basic mechanism of TeTx action.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Presek P,Jessen S,Dreyer F,Jarvie PE,Findik D,Dunkley PRdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb08445.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-10-01 00:00:00pages
1336-43issue
4eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Kainate inhibits the exchange of D-aspartate into guinea-pig cerebrocortical synaptosomes. Kainate inhibits the Ca2+-independent efflux of endogenous glutamate in the presence of a trapping system for the released amino acid but potentiates a Ca2+-independent net efflux of endogenous and labelled glutamate and asparta...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02977.x
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial respiratory function, assessed from the rate of oxygen uptake by homogenates of rat brain subregions, was examined after 30 min of forebrain ischemia and at recirculation periods of up to 48 h. Ischemia-sensitive regions which develop extensive neuronal loss during the recirculation period (dorsal-latera...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1987.tb01001.x
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cochleo-vestibular ganglion contains neural crest-derived glial cells and sensory neurons that are derived from the neurogenic otic placode. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate the tightly orchestrated development of this structure. Here, we report that Sox10, a high-mobility group DNA-bin...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06897.x
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) proteins are GTPase-activating proteins that modulate neurotransmitter and G protein signaling. RGS7 and its binding partners Galpha and Gbeta5 are enriched in brain, but biochemical mechanisms governing RGS7/Galpha/Gbeta5 interactions and membrane association are poorly defined....
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0752103.x
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously reported that pretreatment of murine cortico-hippocampal neuronal cultures with the complement-derived anaphylatoxin C5a, protects against glutamate neurotoxicity. In this study we explored the potential mechanisms involved in C5a-mediated neuroprotection. We found that C5a neuroprotects in vitro through...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00167.x
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::P25alpha/tubulin polymerization promoting protein (TPPP) is a brain specific phosphoprotein that displays microtubule bundling activity. In the mature brain, p25alpha/TPPP distributes to oligodendrocytes and choroid plexus epithelium. We mapped the spatial and temporal distribution of p25alpha/TPPP in the developing r...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04073.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC) are involved in the generation of action potentials in neurons. Brevetoxins (PbTx) are potent allosteric enhancers of VGSC function and are associated with the periodic 'red tide' blooms. Using PbTx-2 as a probe, we have characterized the effects of activation of VGSC on Ca(2+) dyn...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2004.02407.x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a developmental disorder caused by the loss of Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (FMR1) gene function because of a CGG repeat expansion (> 200 repeats) in the gene. The molecular mechanism(s) linking loss of FMR1 function to the molecular pathology and cognitive/behavioral disability remain un...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07722.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the regulatory pathways responsible for agonist-induced internalization and down-regulation of G(q) protein-coupled histamine H(1)-receptors in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Histamine-induced internalization and down-regulation of H(1)-receptors were detected as the loss of [(3)H]mepyramine binding site...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06669.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heptahelical opioid receptors utilize Gi proteins to regulate a multitude of effectors including the classical adenylyl cyclases and the more recently discovered mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). The c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNKs) belong to one of three subgroups of MAPKs. In NG108-15 neuroblastoma x gliom...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01535.x
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using antiphosphotyrosine antibodies, we have investigated protein phosphorylation in mouse brain during development in intact animals and in reaggregated cerebral cultures. Under basal conditions, in vivo and in vitro, the levels of two main phosphoproteins, of Mr 120,000 and 180,000 (pp180), increased with developme...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09751.x
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to excessive levels of light induces photoreceptor apoptosis and can be a causative factor in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). However, the cellular events that mediate this apoptotic response are poorly understood. Here, we investigated the roles of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in light-induced c...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.12116
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (Cdk5) is a Ser/Thr kinase that plays an important role in the release of neurotransmitter from pre-synaptic terminals triggered by Ca(2+) influx into the pre-synaptic cytoplasm through voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCCs). It is reported that Cdk5 regulates L-, P/Q-, or N-type VDCC, but...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/jnc.12746
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organotypic rat hippocampal slice cultures were used to study the role of excitatory amino acid transporters (EAATs) in kainate-induced cell death. Expression of the neuronal (EAAT3) or glial (EAAT2) transporters was inhibited with antisense phosphothioate oligonucleotides, and cytotoxicity was assessed with propidium...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although alterations in serotonin levels and neurotransmission are associated with depressive disorders and effective antidepressant therapy, the exact cause of these disorders and the mode of action of antidepressant drugs are poorly understood. In a genetic rat model of depression [Flinders sensitive line (FSL) rats...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.69062477.x
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultures of chromaffin cells isolated from the bovine adrenal medulla have been extremely useful for investigating secretory mechanisms, but such cultures used up to the present time represent mixed populations of adrenergic and noradrenergic cells. This report describes how, with slight modifications to standard proc...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03761.x
更新日期:1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of 5-hydroxytryptamine was investigated in cultured and propagated cerebrovascular endothelium using immunohistochemistry and high pressure liquid chromatography. These studies demonstrate that the endothelium has the ability to take up and metabolize 5-hydroxytryptamine as well as to synthesize this amin...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1984.tb00902.x
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pentameric subunit composition of a large population (36%) of the cerebellar granule cell GABAA receptors that show diazepam (or clonazepam)-insensitive [3H]Ro 15-4513 binding has been determined by immunoprecipitation with subunit-specific antibodies. These receptors have alpha 6, alpha 1, gamma 2S, gamma 2L, and...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.63010371.x
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) have been reported: the 4S, 10S, and 16S forms. It was suggested previously that 16S AChE is characteristic of the end-plate region; subsequently its presence has also been demonstrated in sciatic nerve, vagus nerve, several nerve trunks, cardiac atria, and distal ileum of ra...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb10882.x
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1-Benzyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1BnTIQ) was detected as a novel endogenous amine in mouse brain and parkinsonian CSF by using the gas chromatography-selected ion-monitoring method. The level of 1BnTIQ was very high in CSF of some parkinsonian patients compared with that of controls with other neurological dis...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65062633.x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Different forms of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), EC 3.1.1.7, were demonstrated in human brain caudate nucleus. One form was solubilized at high ionic strength, the other with Triton X-100. The detergent-extractable form was purified to homogeneity by affinity chromatography. This form of AChE is amphiphile-dependent; i...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb11496.x
更新日期:1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::[3H]Spiroperidol binding to homogenates of rat striatum is saturable and shows either monophasic or biphasic saturation isotherms under specified conditions. In poorly washed membrane fragment preparations, saturation isotherms of [3H]spiroperidol binding are monophasic, revealing an apparently homogeneous set of site...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb07865.x
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocytes remove glutamate from the synaptic cleft via specific transporters, and impaired glutamate reuptake may promote excitotoxic neuronal injury. In a model of viral encephalomyelitis caused by neuroadapted Sindbis virus (NSV), mice develop acute paralysis and spinal motor neuron degeneration inhibited by the AM...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05230.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) are implicated in the pathophysiology of spinal cord injury (SCI). However, the specific functions of individual ERK isoforms in neurodegeneration are largely unknown. We investigated the hypothesis that ERK2 activation may contribute to patholog...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.06579.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A rapid and simple chromatographic procedure using HPLC with electrochemical detection is described for simultaneous determination of the substrates from precursor amino acids to metabolites related to synthesis and metabolism of three monoamine neurotransmitters--norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), and 5-hydroxytrypt...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02935.x
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of funnel-freezing of rat brain to inactivate metabolic processes and preserve in vivo tissue glucose concentration was validated by comparing the results obtained by funnel-freezing with those obtained with freeze-blowing of brain. The arterial plasma glucose level was clamped at 9 mM in halothane-anesth...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb02066.x
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Expression of the neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) receptor (TrkC) and the effects of NT-3 on signal transduction were investigated in highly enriched populations of embryonic rat hippocampal pyramidal neurons grown in bilaminar cultures. PCR analysis revealed that the predominant trkC isoform is K1, which lacks an insert in the...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67030952.x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymes considered to be markers for neurons (angiotensin converting enzyme, thermolysin-like metalloendopeptidase, alanine aminopeptidase, and glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase), glia (glutamine synthetase, pyruvate carboxylase, and beta-glucuronidase), and endothelial cells (alkaline phosphatase and plasminogen ac...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb04539.x
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tyrosine kinase receptors for the neurotrophins (Trk) are a family of transmembrane receptors that regulate the differentiation and survival of different neuronal populations. Neurotrophin binding to Trk leads to the activation of several signalling pathways including a rapid, but moderate, increase in intracellul...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02178.x
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::rho(1) GABA(C) receptor antagonists inhibit myopia in chick but the site of this effect is not known. The sclera ultimately determines the shape and size of the globe and thus an untested possibility is that GABA agents have a scleral mechanism. Whether rho(1) GABA(C) receptors are expressed and located in chick scler...
journal_title:Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07300.x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00