Abstract：
:The mutation process at microsatellite loci typically occurs at high rates and with stepwise changes in allele sizes, features that may introduce bias when using classical measures of population differentiation based on allele identity (e.g., F(ST), Nei's Ds genetic distance). Allele size-based measures of differentiation, assuming a stepwise mutation process [e.g., Slatkin's R(ST), Goldstein et al.'s (deltamu)(2)], may better reflect differentiation at microsatellite loci, but they suffer high sampling variance. The relative efficiency of allele size- vs. allele identity-based statistics depends on the relative contributions of mutations vs. drift to population differentiation. We present a simple test based on a randomization procedure of allele sizes to determine whether stepwise-like mutations contributed to genetic differentiation. This test can be applied to any microsatellite data set designed to assess population differentiation and can be interpreted as testing whether F(ST) = R(ST). Computer simulations show that the test efficiently identifies which of F(ST) or R(ST) estimates has the lowest mean square error. A significant test, implying that R(ST) performs better than F(ST), is obtained when the mutation rate, mu, for a stepwise mutation process is (a) >/= m in an island model (m being the migration rate among populations) or (b) >/= 1/t in the case of isolated populations (t being the number of generations since population divergence). The test also informs on the efficiency of other statistics used in phylogenetical reconstruction [e.g., Ds and (deltamu)(2)], a nonsignificant test meaning that allele identity-based statistics perform better than allele size-based ones. This test can also provide insights into the evolutionary history of populations, revealing, for example, phylogeographic patterns, as illustrated by applying it on three published data sets.
journal_name
Geneticsjournal_title
Geneticsauthors
Hardy OJ,Charbonnel N,Fréville H,Heuertz Mkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-04-01 00:00:00pages
1467-82issue
4eissn
0016-6731issn
1943-2631journal_volume
163pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GENETICS文献大全abstract：:Sensory cues regulate several aspects of behavior and development in Caenorhabditis elegans, including entry into and exit from an alternative developmental stage called the dauer larva. Three parallel pathways, including a TGF-beta-like pathway, regulate dauer formation. The mechanisms by which the activities of thes...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mutations in genes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae that code for proteins that interact with beta-tubulin were sought by screening for unlinked mutations that fail to complement mutations in the single beta-tubulin-encoding gene (TUB2). Among the first three noncomplementing mutations examined, two are linked to TUB2 whil...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microarray experiments have been used recently in genetical genomics studies, as an additional tool to understand the genetic mechanisms governing variation in complex traits, such as for estimating heritabilities of mRNA transcript abundances, for mapping expression quantitative trait loci, and for inferring regulato...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1534/genetics.106.057281
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paramutation generates heritable changes affecting regulation of specific alleles found at several Zea mays (maize) loci that encode transcriptional regulators of anthocyanin biosynthetic genes. Although the direction and extent of paramutation is influenced by poorly understood allelic interactions occurring in diplo...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.105.045260
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sxl appears to head a regulatory gene hierarchy that controls Drosophila sexual dimorphism in response to the X chromosome/autosome balance. Only XXAA cells normally have Sxl(+) activity. It maintains both the female morphogenetic sequence and a level of X-linked dosage-compensated gene expression compatible with dipl...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the initiation of meiosis and the relationship of this event with other key cytogenetic processes are major goals in studying the genetic control of meiosis in higher plants. Our genetic and structural analysis of two mutant alleles of the ameiotic1 gene (am1 and am1-praI) suggest that this locus plays a...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pairwise linkage disequilibrium values (D) were estimated for 14 allozyme loci in two natural populations of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta ssp. latifolia). Maternal multilocus genotypes were inferred from samples of (haploid) megagametophytic seed-endosperms. Coupling/repulsion double heterozygotes were distinguished...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two parental strains of laboratory mice, NZB and CBA/H, were chosen for their differences in attack behavior. NZB have higher scores than CBA/H. An effect of the Y chromosome on attack behavior was determined for two maternal environments. Each male was tested once in a dyadic encounter with an A/J male as a standard ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural ganglia of wild type third-instar larvae of Drosophila melanogaster were incubated for 13 hours at various concentrations of BUdR (1, 3, 9, 27 micrograms/ml). Metaphases were collected with colchicine, stained with Hoechst 33258, and scored under a fluorescence microscope. Metaphases in which the sister chromat...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The consequences of a discontinuity in the migration rate and of a geographical barrier in the habitat are studied in a diffusion model of migration and selection. The treatment is restricted to a single diallelic locus in a monoecious population in the absence of mutation and random drift. It is supposed further that...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:I factors in Drosophila melanogaster are non-LTR retrotransposons that transpose at very high frequencies in the germ line of females resulting from crosses between reactive females (devoid of active I factors) and inducer males (containing active I factors). Constructs containing I factor ORF1 under the control of th...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A strain of Caenorhabditis elegans was constructed that permits selection of dominant or sex-linked mutations that transform XO animals (normally male) into fertile females, using a feminizing mutation, tra-2(e2046gf), which by itself does not sexually transform XO males. Twenty-three mutations were isolated after che...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Standard and Sex Ratio gene arrangements of the X chromosome of D. pseudobscura differ from each other in allele frequencies at the four X chromosome loci, esterase-5, adult acid phosphatase-6, phosphoglucomutase-1 and octanol dehydrogenase-3. The Standard arrangement which is the common arrangement in all populat...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:By screening for suppressors of hypomorphic mutations of let-23, a receptor tyrosine kinase necessary for vulval induction in Caenorhabditis elegans, we recovered > or = 12 mutations defining the sli-1 (suppressor of lineage defect) locus. sli-1 mutations suppress four of five phenotypes associated with hypomorphic al...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A total of 358 lys2 mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been characterized for suppressibility by the following suppressors: UAA and UAG suppressors that insert tyrosine, serine or leucine; a putative UGA suppressor; an omnipotent suppressor SUP46; and a frameshift suppressor SUF1-1. In addition, the lys2 mutants...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vegetative incompatibility in fungi has long been known to reduce the transmission of viruses between individuals, but the barrier to transmission is incomplete. In replicated laboratory assays, we showed conclusively that the transmission of viruses between individuals of the chestnut blight fungus Cryphonectria para...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The correct wiring of neuronal circuits depends on outgrowth and guidance of neuronal processes during development. In the past two decades, great progress has been made in understanding the molecular basis of axon outgrowth and guidance. Genetic analysis in Caenorhabditis elegans has played a key role in elucidating ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1534/genetics.115.186262
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten mutations are described that transform genotypic hermaphrodites of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans into phenotypic males. These fall into three autosomal complementation groups, termed tra-1, tra-2, and tra-3. Two alleles of tra-1 produce almost complete transformation, to a fertile male phenotype; such transf...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied a genome-wide set of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) allele frequency measures for African-American, East Asian, and European-American samples. For this analysis we derived a simple, closed mathematical formulation for the spectrum of expected allele frequencies when the sampled populations have e...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.166.1.351
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a genetic screen for mutants showing modified splicing of an alternatively spliced GFP reporter gene in Arabidopsis thaliana, we identified mutations in genes encoding the putative U1 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) factors RBM25 and PRP39a. The latter has not yet been studied for its role in pre-messenger ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.117.300149
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mating behavior in adult male nematodes can be assayed by mating efficiency, i.e., the number of cross progeny sired by males under standard conditions. Mutant males from 220 strains, representing most of the known complementation groups of C. elegans, have been examined for mating efficiency and for anatomical abnorm...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are integral membrane proteins that initiate stimulus-dependent activation of cognate heterotrimeric G-proteins, triggering ensuing downstream cellular responses. Tight regulation of GPCR-evoked pathways is required because prolonged stimulation can be detrimental to an organism. St...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.115.186122
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA amounts in macronuclei and micronuclei of Tetrahymena pyriformis were measured by Feulgen microspectrophotometry. Assuming that the unreplicated micronucleus is diploid, the unreplicated macronucleus was found to contain approximately 45 times the haploid DNA amount. The relationship of these findings to the 45 in...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1972-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Drosophila oocyte develops from a cluster of 16 interconnected cells that derive from a common progenitor. One of these cells, the oocyte, arrests in meiosis. The other cells endoreplicate their DNA and produce mRNAs and proteins that they traffic to the oocyte along a polarized microtubule cytoskeleton shared by ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the control of pharyngeal excitation in Caenorhabditis elegans. By laser ablating subsets of the pharyngeal nervous system, we found that the MC neuron type is necessary and probably sufficient for rapid pharyngeal pumping. Electropharyngeograms showed that MC transmits excitatory postsynaptic potentials, s...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated meiotic changes in CAG repeat tracts embedded in a yeast chromosome. Repeat tracts undergo either conversion events between homologs or expansion and contraction events that appear to be confined to a single chromatid. We did not find evidence for conversion of tract interruptions or excess exchan...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Selection coefficients and segregation parameters have been estimated in 18 randomly chosen lines carrying wild X chromosomes on the cn bw genetic background. Each line was studied in replicated crosses of four types, with approximately 100 replications per line per cross. Crosses in which male X chromosomes differed ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 73AD salivary chromosome region of Drosophila melanogaster was subjected to mutational analysis in order to (1) generate a collection of chromosome breakpoints that would allow a correlation between the genetic, cytological and molecular maps of the region and (2) define the number and gross organization of comple...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Genetics Society of America's (GSA) Edward Novitski Prize is awarded to researchers who have solved challenging problems in genetics through experiments that demonstrate exceptional creativity and ingenuity. Job Dekker of the University of Massachusetts Medical School has been selected for the 2018 award in recogn...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1534/genetics.118.301641
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A location of the structural gene(s) for dopa decarboxylase (EC 4.1.1.26) is proposed on the basis of enzyme determinations in a set of duplication-bearing aneuploids, which revealed only one dosage-sensitive region in the Drosophila genome. This region lies between 36EF and 37D on the left arm of chromosome 2. ...
journal_title：Genetics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
