Quantifying signaling-induced reorientation of T cell receptors during immunological synapse formation.

abstract：:When expressed in Escherichia coli, the human beta 1- and beta 2-adrenergic receptors retain their ligand binding specificity. Their functional integrity was investigated by analyzing receptor-guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) protein coupling by using two splice variants of the alpha subunit of the stimulator...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freissmuth M,Selzer E,Marullo S,Schütz W,Strosberg AD

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:αβ T-cell repertoire selection is mediated by peptide-MHC complexes presented by thymic epithelial or myeloid cells, and by lipid-CD1 complexes expressed by thymocytes. γδ T-cell repertoire selection, by contrast, is largely unresolved. Mice mutant for Skint-1, a unique Ig superfamily gene, do not develop canonical Vγ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbee SD,Woodward MJ,Turchinovich G,Mention JJ,Lewis JM,Boyden LM,Lifton RP,Tigelaar R,Hayday AC

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Initiation of DNA replication has been observed in vitro with a DNA-membrane complex extracted from Bacillus subtilis. Antibiotics known to interfere with various aspects of initiation inhibited DNA synthesis significantly in vitro, whereas a mutant resistant to one inhibitor failed to respond to its presence. The inh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benjamin P,Firshein W

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accurate calculations of force generated and of ATP flux, in steady isotonic contractions, are made on a simple, two-state muscle model of the sliding filament type. The objective is to illustrate the proper formulation and use of a complete and self-consistent molecular model of muscle. Otherwise, the model is not me...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen YD,Hill TL

更新日期：1974-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study describes a unique function of taurocholate in bile canalicular formation involving signaling through a cAMP-Epac-MEK-Rap1-LKB1-AMPK pathway. In rat hepatocyte sandwich cultures, polarization was manifested by sequential progression of bile canaliculi from small structures to a fully branched network. Tauro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu D,Wakabayashi Y,Lippincott-Schwartz J,Arias IM

更新日期：2011-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Two objects with homologous landmarks are said to be of the same shape if the configuration of landmarks of one object can be exactly matched with that of the other by translation, rotation/reflection, and scaling. In an earlier paper, the authors proposed statistical analysis of shape by considering logarithmic diffe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao CR,Suryawanshi S

更新日期：1998-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Members of the arenavirus family, famous for their hemorrhagic syndromes, cause distinct neurological disorders; however, cellular and molecular targets as well as pathogenesis of peripheral nervous system disorders associated with these viruses are unknown. Using noncytolytic lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus, the p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rambukkana A,Kunz S,Min J,Campbell KP,Oldstone MB

更新日期：2003-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Transformation of murine thymocytes by radiation leukemia virus is associated with reduced expression of the class I antigens encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and increased methylation and altered restriction enzyme patterns of MHC DNA. These changes may play a role in host susceptibility to virus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meruelo D,Kornreich R,Rossomando A,Pampeno C,Boral A,Silver JL,Buxbaum J,Weiss EH,Devlin JJ,Mellor AL

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipid rafts are important signaling platforms in T cells. Little is known about their properties in human CD8(+) T cells. We studied polarization of lipid rafts by digital immunofluorescence microscopy in primary human T cells, using beads coated with anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 mAbs (CD3/28 beads). Unlike CD4(+) T cells, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kovacs B,Maus MV,Riley JL,Derimanov GS,Koretzky GA,June CH,Finkel TH

更新日期：2002-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Do people judge hurricane risks in the context of gender-based expectations? We use more than six decades of death rates from US hurricanes to show that feminine-named hurricanes cause significantly more deaths than do masculine-named hurricanes. Laboratory experiments indicate that this is because hurricane names lea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jung K,Shavitt S,Viswanathan M,Hilbe JM

更新日期：2014-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signals through a receptor complex containing the type I (TGF-beta RI) and type II (TGF-beta RII) receptors. We describe here biochemical studies on early events in the TGF-beta signaling pathways. TGF-beta RII is highly phosphorylated when expressed alone in COS-1 cells; its...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen F,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1995-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The excess proton in water, H(+)(aq), plays a fundamental role in aqueous solution chemistry. Its solution thermodynamic properties are essential to molecular descriptions of that chemistry and for validation of dynamical calculations. Within the quasichemical theory of solutions those thermodynamic properties are con...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Asthagiri D,Pratt LR,Kress JD

更新日期：2005-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations responsible for inherited disease may act by disrupting normal transcriptional splicing. Such mutations can be difficult to detect, and their effects difficult to characterize, because many lie deep within exons or introns where they may alter splice enhancers or silencers or introduce new splice acceptors o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Casadei S,Gulsuner S,Shirts BH,Mandell JB,Kortbawi HM,Norquist BS,Swisher EM,Lee MK,Goldberg Y,O'Connor R,Tan Z,Pritchard CC,King MC,Walsh T

更新日期：2019-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:We studied mutants of E. coli originally identified as being deficient in either endonuclease II (deoxyribonucleate oligonucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.30) or exonuclease III [deoxyribonucleate (double-stranded) 5'-nucleotidohydrolase, EC 3.1.4.27] activity. Twelve independently derived mutants were tested, including t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yajko DM,Weiss B

更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have devised a class of isothermal reactions for amplifying DNA. These homogeneous reactions rapidly synthesize short oligonucleotides (8-16 bases) specified by the sequence of an amplification template. Versions of the reactions can proceed in either a linear or an exponential amplification mode. Both of these rea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Van Ness J,Van Ness LK,Galas DJ

更新日期：2003-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Medical castration that interferes with androgen receptor (AR) function is the principal treatment for advanced prostate cancer. However, clinical progression is universal, and tumors with AR-independent resistance mechanisms appear to be increasing in frequency. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop new tr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sehrawat A,Gao L,Wang Y,Bankhead A 3rd,McWeeney SK,King CJ,Schwartzman J,Urrutia J,Bisson WH,Coleman DJ,Joshi SK,Kim DH,Sampson DA,Weinmann S,Kallakury BVS,Berry DL,Haque R,Van Den Eeden SK,Sharma S,Bearss J,Beer

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:H-2M3 encodes HMT, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain of the maternally transmitted antigen (Mta). Like classical MHC class I genes, the expression of M3 can be stimulated by gamma-interferon and its message can be detected from mid-gestational embryos (day 8) through adulthood. HMTb, a non...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang CR,Lindahl KF

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We report a simplified method for culturing fetal central nervous system cells predominantly inducing neurons that grow, differentiate, and live in vitro for as long as 10 weeks. These central nervous system cells form a confluent cell culture in which about 80% of the cells are fully differentiated neurons producing ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sotelo J,Gibbs CJ Jr,Gajdusek DC,Toh BH,Wurth M

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose is a fundamental metabolite, yet how cells sense and respond to changes in extracellular glucose concentration is not completely understood. We recently reported that the MondoA:Mlx dimeric transcription factor directly regulates glycolysis. In this article, we consider whether MondoA:Mlx complexes have a broa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stoltzman CA,Peterson CW,Breen KT,Muoio DM,Billin AN,Ayer DE

更新日期：2008-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is essential for the induction of inflammatory cytokines, but the mechanism by which IRF5 is activated is not well understood. Here we present evidence that the kinase IKKβ phosphorylates and activates IRF5 in response to stimulation in several inflammator...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ren J,Chen X,Chen ZJ

更新日期：2014-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Not having enough of what one needs has long been shown to have detrimental consequences for decision making. Recent work suggests that the experience of insufficient resources can create a "scarcity" mindset; increasing attention toward the scarce resource itself, but at the cost of attention for unrelated aspects. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Huijsmans I,Ma I,Micheli L,Civai C,Stallen M,Sanfey AG

更新日期：2019-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:After the start of transcription, the 5' ends of eukaryotic mRNA molecules are modified by the addition of a guanylyl residue to form a cap structure, G(5')ppp(5')N. The guanylyltransferase (GTP:mRNA guanylyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.50) reaction responsible for cap formation usually proceeds via a covalent enzyme-GMP int...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ahola T,Kääriäinen L

更新日期：1995-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Olfactory receptor (OR) genes are of vital importance for animals to find food, identify mates, and avoid dangers. In mammals, the number of OR genes is large and varies extensively among different orders, whereas, in insects, the extent of interspecific variation appears to be small, although only a few species have ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nozawa M,Nei M

更新日期：2007-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Superhard metals are of interest as possible replacements with enhanced properties over the metal carbides commonly used in cutting, drilling, and wear-resistant tooling. Of the superhard metals, the highest boride of tungsten--often referred to as WB4 and sometimes as W(1-x)B3--is one of the most promising candidates...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lech AT,Turner CL,Mohammadi R,Tolbert SH,Kaner RB

更新日期：2015-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcriptional activator proteins in bacteria often operate by interaction with the C-terminal domain of the alpha-subunit of RNA polymerase (RNAP). Here we report the discovery of an "anti-alpha" factor Spx in Bacillus subtilis that blocks transcriptional activation by binding to the alpha-C-terminal domain, thereby...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nakano S,Nakano MM,Zhang Y,Leelakriangsak M,Zuber P

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Various proteins with different biological activities have been observed to be translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm in an energy- and signal-dependent manner in eukaryotic cells. This nuclear export is directed by nuclear export signals (NESs), typically characterized by hydrophobic, primarily leucine, amino...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Elfgang C,Rosorius O,Hofer L,Jaksche H,Hauber J,Bevec D

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed a method for conjugating low density lipoproteins (LDL) with colloidal gold. Conjugation, complete after 1 min, occurs by electrostatic adsorption of the LDL to the negatively charged gold particle. Each conjugate consists of approximately eight biologically active LDL molecules clustered around a ce...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Handley DA,Arbeeny CM,Witte LD,Chien S

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF-1) is a potent angiogenic and neurotrophic factor whose structure lacks a classical signal sequence for secretion. Although the initiation of these biological activities involves the interaction between FGF-1 and cell surface receptors, the mechanism responsible for the regulation of FG...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jackson A,Friedman S,Zhan X,Engleka KA,Forough R,Maciag T

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent epidemiological studies indicate beneficial effects of moderate ethanol consumption in ischemic heart disease. Most studies, however, focus on the effect of long-term consumption of ethanol. In this study, we determined whether brief exposure to ethanol immediately before ischemia also produces cardioprotection...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen CH,Gray MO,Mochly-Rosen D

更新日期：1999-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The discovery of a steadily growing number of tumor antigens (TAs) has made generic, cell-free, peptide-based cancer vaccines a possible alternative to cytokine-transfected autologous cellular cancer vaccines. The major drawback of peptide vaccines, however, is the poor immunogenicity of peptides. It is commonly thoug...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Buschle M,Schmidt W,Zauner W,Mechtler K,Trska B,Kirlappos H,Birnstiel ML

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00