Initiation of DNA replication in vitro by a DNA-membrane complex extracted from Bacillus subtilis.

abstract：:Human speech comprehension is remarkable for its immediacy and rapidity. The listener interprets an incrementally delivered auditory input, millisecond by millisecond as it is heard, in terms of complex multilevel representations of relevant linguistic and nonlinguistic knowledge. Central to this process are the neura...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lyu B,Choi HS,Marslen-Wilson WD,Clarke A,Randall B,Tyler LK

更新日期：2019-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The central nervous system both influences and is influenced by the gastrointestinal system. Most research on this gut-brain connection has focused on how ascending signals from the gut and its microbiome alter brain function. Less attention has focused on how descending signals from the central nervous system alter g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levinthal DJ,Strick PL

更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Transport affects climate directly and indirectly through mechanisms that cause both warming and cooling of climate, and the effects operate on very different timescales. We calculate climate responses in terms of global mean temperature and find large differences between the transport sectors with respect to the size...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berntsen T,Fuglestvedt J

更新日期：2008-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Theoretical models suggest that social networks influence the evolution of cooperation, but to date there have been few experimental studies. Observational data suggest that a wide variety of behaviors may spread in human social networks, but subjects in such studies can choose to befriend people with similar behavior...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fowler JH,Christakis NA

更新日期：2010-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Immune responses to several soluble antigens were compared between B6.C-H-2bm12 mutant and wild-type B6 mice by using a lymph node T-cell proliferation assay. B6.C-H-2bm12 mice failed to respond to beef insulin whereas other IA gene-controlled responses, such as response to poly(L-Tyr, L-Glu)--poly(DL-Ala, L-Lys) and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin CC,Rosenthal AS,Passmore HC,Hansen TH

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unit electrical activity was recorded from single neurons in the isolated lumbo-sacral spinal cord of 14- to 19-day chick embryos, in situ. Spinal cord transection was combined with transection of all lumbo-sacral dorsal roots. The spontaneous discharge of cells is confined, for the most part, to the lower two thirds ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sharma SC,Provine RR,Hamburger V,Sandel TT

更新日期：1970-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During or immediately after synthesis in vertebrate cells, the oncogenic protein-tyrosine kinase pp60v-src associates with the approximately 90-kDa heat-shock protein (hsp90). In this complex, pp60v-src is not functional as a kinase. When pp60v-src is subsequently found inserted into the plasma membrane, it is active ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xu Y,Lindquist S

更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pH gradient (delta pH) across the membrane of bovine neurohypophysial granules was estimated by using the [14C]methylamine partition technique. The granule membrane showed high permeability to sugars such as sucrose or sorbitol and to cations. Granules suspended in sucrose medium showed an acidic internal delta pH...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scherman D,Nordmann JJ

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The powerful optogenetic pharmacology method allows the optical control of neuronal activity by photoswitchable ligands tethered to channels and receptors. However, this approach is technically demanding, as it requires the design of pharmacologically active ligands. The development of versatile technologies therefore...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lemoine D,Habermacher C,Martz A,Méry PF,Bouquier N,Diverchy F,Taly A,Rassendren F,Specht A,Grutter T

更新日期：2013-12-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The symbiotic bacterium Wolbachia pipientis has been considered unique in its ability to cause multiple reproductive anomalies in its arthropod hosts. Here we report that an undescribed bacterium is vertically transmitted and associated with thelytokous parthenogenetic reproduction in Encarsia, a genus of parasitoid w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zchori-Fein E,Gottlieb Y,Kelly SE,Brown JK,Wilson JM,Karr TL,Hunter MS

更新日期：2001-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Helper T (Th) cells are classified as Th1 or Th2 cells by virtue of cytokine secretion and function as mediators of cellular or humoral immunity, respectively. Cytokines also regulate the differentiation of Th cells. For example, interleukin (IL)-12 promotes Th1 and suppresses Th2 cell development, suggesting that IL-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Milich DR,Wolf SF,Hughes JL,Jones JE

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:If climate change outpaces the rate of adaptive evolution within a site, populations previously well adapted to local conditions may decline or disappear, and banked seeds from those populations will be unsuitable for restoring them. However, if such adaptational lag has occurred, immigrants from historically warmer c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wilczek AM,Cooper MD,Korves TM,Schmitt J

更新日期：2014-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:It is generally thought that an effective vaccine to prevent HIV-1 infection should elicit both strong neutralizing antibody and cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses. We recently demonstrated that potent, boostable, long-lived HIV-1 envelope (Env)-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses can be elicited in rhesus monkeys...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Letvin NL,Montefiori DC,Yasutomi Y,Perry HC,Davies ME,Lekutis C,Alroy M,Freed DC,Lord CI,Handt LK,Liu MA,Shiver JW

更新日期：1997-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA was prepared from 15 different mouse and rat cell lines transformed by chemical carcinogens in vitro and in vivo. These DNAs were applied to NIH3T3 mouse fibroblast cultures by using the calcium phosphate transfection technique. DNAs of five donor lines were able to induce foci on the recipient monolayers. Ten oth...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shih C,Shilo BZ,Goldfarb MP,Dannenberg A,Weinberg RA

更新日期：1979-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For over a century neuroscientists have debated the dynamics by which human cortical language networks allow words to be spoken. Although it is widely accepted that Broca's area in the left inferior frontal gyrus plays an important role in this process, it was not possible, until recently, to detail the timing of its ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flinker A,Korzeniewska A,Shestyuk AY,Franaszczuk PJ,Dronkers NF,Knight RT,Crone NE

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Phages of the Caudovirales order possess a tail that recognizes the host and ensures genome delivery upon infection. The X-ray structure of the approximately 1.8 MDa host adsorption device (baseplate) from the lactococcal phage TP901-1 shows that the receptor-binding proteins are pointing in the direction of the host,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Veesler D,Spinelli S,Mahony J,Lichière J,Blangy S,Bricogne G,Legrand P,Ortiz-Lombardia M,Campanacci V,van Sinderen D,Cambillau C

更新日期：2012-06-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The 32-kDa subunit of replication protein A (RPA) is phosphorylated during the S phase of the cell cycle in vivo and during simian virus 40 DNA replication in vitro. To explore the functional significance of this modification, we purified a HeLa cell protein kinase that phosphorylates RPA in the presence of single-str...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brush GS,Anderson CW,Kelly TJ

更新日期：1994-12-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Model compositions of Earth, Venus, and Mercury are calculated from the premise that planets and chondrites underwent four identical fractionation processes in the solar nebula. Because elements of similar properties stay together in these processes, five constraints suffice to define the composition of a planet: mass...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morgan JW,Anders E

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Injection of 3':5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP) into larvae of the fly Sarcophaga bullata 3-4 hr before the beginning of puparium formation (red-spiracle stage) greatly accelerates the onset of tanning without affecting initiation of puparium formation (anterior retraction). Accelerated tanning resembles real tanning in two impo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fraenkel G,Blechl A,Blechl J,Herman P,Seligman MI

更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Escherichia coli DnaJ functions as a typical molecular chaperone in coordination with other heat shock proteins such as DnaK and GrpE in a variety of cellular processes. In this study, it was found that E. coli possesses an analogue of DnaJ, as judged from not only its primary structure but also its possible function....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ueguchi C,Kakeda M,Yamada H,Mizuno T

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Even in the absence of sensory stimulation, the neocortex shows complex spontaneous activity patterns, often consisting of alternating "DOWN" states of generalized neural silence and "UP" states of massive, persistent network activity. To investigate how this spontaneous activity propagates through neuronal assemblies...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luczak A,Barthó P,Marguet SL,Buzsáki G,Harris KD

更新日期：2007-01-02 00:00:00

abstract：:RelB is an NF-κB family transcription factor activated in the noncanonical pathway downstream of NF-κB-inducing kinase (NIK) and TNF receptor family members including lymphotoxin-β receptor (LTβR) and CD40. Early analysis suggested that RelB is required for classical dendritic cell (cDC) development based on a severe ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Briseño CG,Gargaro M,Durai V,Davidson JT,Theisen DJ,Anderson DA 3rd,Novack DV,Murphy TL,Murphy KM

更新日期：2017-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Type II platelet-activating factor-acetylhydrolase [PAF-AH (II)] is an N-myristoylated enzyme that contains a lipase/esterase catalytic motif and selectively hydrolyzes the sn-2 acetyl ester of PAF and other short-chain acyl groups attached to phosphoglycerides. However, the physiological role of this enzyme remains t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Inoue T,Sugimoto A,Suzuki Y,Yamamoto M,Tsujimoto M,Inoue K,Aoki J,Arai H

更新日期：2004-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper reviews the developments that have occurred in the field of human genetics of infectious diseases from the second half of the 20th century onward. In particular, it stresses and explains the importance of the recently described monogenic inborn errors of immunity underlying resistance or susceptibility to s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Casanova JL

更新日期：2015-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Rapid antibody production in response to invading pathogens requires the dramatic expansion of pathogen-derived antigen-specific B lymphocyte populations. Whether B cell population dynamics are based on stochastic competition between competing cell fates, as in the development of competence by the bacterium Bacillus s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitchell S,Roy K,Zangle TA,Hoffmann A

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Reaction networks displaying bistability provide a chemical mechanism for long-term memory storage in cells, as exemplified by many epigenetic switches. These biological systems are not only bistable but switchable, in the sense that they can be flipped from one state to the other by application of specific molecular ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Padirac A,Fujii T,Rondelez Y

更新日期：2012-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Primitive cells capable of generating small resistance arterioles and capillary structures in the injured myocardium have been identified repeatedly. However, these cells do not form large conductive coronary arteries that would have important implications in the management of the ischemic heart. In the current study,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bearzi C,Leri A,Lo Monaco F,Rota M,Gonzalez A,Hosoda T,Pepe M,Qanud K,Ojaimi C,Bardelli S,D'Amario D,D'Alessandro DA,Michler RE,Dimmeler S,Zeiher AM,Urbanek K,Hintze TH,Kajstura J,Anversa P

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Transmembrane (TM) domains of integral membrane proteins are generally thought to be helical. However, a Gly-Pro sequence within the TM domain of the insulin receptor is predicted to act as a helix breaker. CD analyses of model TM peptides in a lipid-like environment show that substitution of Gly and Pro by Ala enhanc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goncalves E,Yamada K,Thatte HS,Backer JM,Golan DE,Kahn CR,Shoelson SE

更新日期：1993-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The Landau spectrum of bismuth is complex and includes many angle-dependent lines in the extreme quantum limit. The adequacy of single-particle theory to describe this spectrum in detail has been an open issue. Here, we present a study of angle-resolved Nernst effect in bismuth, which maps the angle-resolved Landau sp...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu Z,Fauqué B,Malone L,Antunes AB,Fuseya Y,Behnia K

更新日期：2012-09-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal host from which to obtain high levels of posttranslationally modified eukaryotic proteins for x-ray crystallography. However, extensive replacement of methionine by selenomethionine for anomalous dispersion phasing has proven intractable in yeast. We report a general method to inco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malkowski MG,Quartley E,Friedman AE,Babulski J,Kon Y,Wolfley J,Said M,Luft JR,Phizicky EM,DeTitta GT,Grayhack EJ

更新日期：2007-04-17 00:00:00