Abstract:
:Mutants that require exogenous D-glucosamine for growth were isolated from Saccharomyces cerevisiae X2180-1A after ethyl methane sulfonate mutagenesis. Class A auxotrophs fail to grow on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose and minimal media, whereas class B auxotrophs grow on minimal medium and readily revert to grow on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose medium. Class B auxotrophs are suppressible by a class of suppressors distinct from nonsense suppressors, and their properties suggest that they are defective in a regulatory function. All 23 mutants studied were recessive and allelic, and they define a new gene designated gcn1. An analysis of a class A auxotroph revealed that it lacked L-glutamine:D-fructose 6-phosphate amidotransferase (EC 2.6.1.16) activity and indicates that GCN1 codes the amino acid sequence of this enzyme. The finding that all mutants were allelic indicates that the amidotransferase is the only enzyme responsible for D-glucosamine synthesis in S. cerevisiae. The occurrence of allelic complementation and media-conditional mutants suggests that the amidotransferase is a multimeric enzyme with an activity subject to metabolic control. Diploids homozygous for gcn1 fail to complete sporulation. They proceed through meiosis normally, as judged by the occurrence of meiotic recombination, the production of haploid nuclei, and the formation of multinucleate cells visible after Giemsa staining. However, the formation of glusulase-resistant ascospores is blocked, and deformed spores lacking the electron-dense outer layer characteristic of the normal spore wall are observed by electron microscopy. Cells that acquire the ability to synthesize D-glucosamine, because of gene conversion during meiosis, complete sporulation in a normal fashion. Thus, the GCN1 gene product appears to be synthesized late in sporulation and may prove to be a useful developmental landmark for the termination of ascospore development.
journal_name
J Bacterioljournal_title
Journal of bacteriologyauthors
Whelan WL,Ballou CEdoi
10.1128/JB.124.3.1545-1557.1975keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1975-12-01 00:00:00pages
1545-57issue
3eissn
0021-9193issn
1098-5530journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies have shown that narL+ is required for nitrate induction of nitrate reductase synthesis and for nitrate inhibition of fumarate reductase synthesis in Escherichia coli. We cloned narL on a 5.1-kilobase HindIII fragment. Our clone also contained a previously unidentified gene, which we propose to designa...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.170.4.1589-1597.1988
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four mutants specifically deficient in the activity of isocitrate lyase were independently isolated in the alkane yeast Saccharomycopsis lipolytica. Genetic analysis by means of protoplast fusion and mitotic haploidization revealed that the mutations were recessive and non-complementary at a single genetic locus, icl....
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.157.3.899-908.1984
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a transcriptional fusion to the lacZ gene, we have analyzed the anaerobic regulation of the hydrogenase 1 (hya) operon in response to different anaerobic growth conditions and to mutations in regulatory genes. We found that the transcription of the hya operon was induced when the growth condition was changed fro...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.176.17.5423-5428.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is unique among bacteria in its large number of lipoproteins that are encoded by a small, exceptionally fragmented, and predominantly linear genome. Peripherally anchored in either the inner or outer membrane and facing either the periplasm or the external environment, ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00658-16
更新日期:2017-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Studies on the composition of total fatty acids of Alcaligenes faecalis harvested at different growth phases have been carried out. Ability of the organism to desaturate palmitic and stearic acid has also been tested. The organism contained palmitic (16:0), stearic (18:0), palmitoleic (16:1), cis-vaccenic (18:1), cycl...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.114.2.618-624.1973
更新日期:1973-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chorpenning, Frank W. (The Ohio State University, Columbus), and Matthew C. Dodd. Heterogenetic antigens of gram-positive bacteria. J. Bacteriol. 91:1440-1445. 1966.-Soluble antigens obtained by various methods from gram-positive bacteria were used to modify erythrocytes whose hemagglutinating reactions with immune ra...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.91.4.1440-1445.1966
更新日期:1966-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Arc (anoxic redox control) two-component signal transduction system, consisting of the ArcB sensor kinase and the ArcA response regulator, allows adaptive responses of Escherichia coli to changes of O(2) availability. The arcA gene was previously known as the dye gene because null mutants were growth sensitive to ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00881-09
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The abundance of oxidants and reductants must be balanced for an organism to thrive. Bacteria have evolved methods to prevent redox imbalances and to mitigate their deleterious consequences through the expression of detoxification enzymes, antioxidants, and systems to repair or degrade damaged proteins and DNA. Regula...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/JB.00128-18
更新日期:2018-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Extracytoplasmic function σ factors that are stress inducible are often sequestered in an inactive complex with a membrane-associated anti-σ factor. Mycobacterium tuberculosis membrane-associated anti-σ factors have a small, stable RNA gene A (ssrA)-like degron for targeted proteolysis. Interaction between the unfolda...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00748-18
更新日期:2019-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::The Escherichia coli K-12 hisT gene has been cloned, and its organization and expression have been analyzed on multicopy plasmids. The hisT gene, which encodes tRNA pseudouridine synthase I (PSUI), was isolated on a Clarke-Carbon plasmid known to contain the purF gene. The presence of the hisT gene on this plasmid was...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.161.1.60-71.1985
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Methanosarcina barkeri serC gene, encoding phosphoserine aminotransferase, was cloned by complementation of an Escherichia coli serC mutant, and its nucleotide sequence was determined. The M. barkeri SerC protein shares significant homology with other known SerC proteins. E. coli serC hosts carrying the cloned gen...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.19.5797-5802.1996
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::YoeB is a bacterial toxin encoded by the yefM-yoeB toxin-antitoxin system found in various bacterial genomes. Here, we show that Staphylococcus aureus contains two YoeB homologues, both of which function as ribosome-dependent mRNA interferases to inhibit translation initiation in a manner identical to that of YoeB-ec ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00623-09
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Escherichia coli, ClpYQ (HslUV) is a two-component ATP-dependent protease composed of ClpY (HslU), an ATPase with unfolding activity, and ClpQ (HslV), a peptidase. In the ClpYQ proteolytic complex, the hexameric rings of ClpY (HslU) are responsible for protein recognition, unfolding, and translocation into the prot...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.05128-11
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The general stress regulon of Bacillus subtilis comprises approximately 200 genes and is under the control of the alternative sigma factor σ(B). The activation of σ(B) occurs in response to multiple physical stress stimuli as well as energy starvation conditions. The expression of the general stress proteins provides ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00528-12
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six mycoplasma strains, isolated under anaerobic conditions from the human oropharynx, were studied by biologic and serologic means. The strains produced nippled colonies with weak hemolytic activity for guinea pig erythrocytes on agar medium. In addition, the strains metabolized arginine with a concomitant alkaline s...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.98.1.36-43.1969
更新日期:1969-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inositol derivative compounds provide a nutrient source for soil bacteria that possess the ability to degrade such compounds. Rhizobium strains that are capable of utilizing certain inositol derivatives are better colonizers of their host plants. We have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequence of the myo-inosito...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.183.8.2595-2604.2001
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A general, genetic technique for determining the direction of transcription for bacterial genes is presented. By comparing the phenotype of Mu-Mud1 dilysogens with the phenotype of deletion-containing derivatives, the direction of transcription for the gene containing Mud1 can be unambiguously determined. This method ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.146.1.260-268.1981
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Members of the genus Shewanella inhabit various environments; they are capable of synthesizing various types of low-melting-point fatty acids, including monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and branched-chain fatty acids (BCFA) with and without eicosapentanoic acid (EPA). The genes involved in fatty acid synthesis in 15...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00498-08
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A chemotaxis system for Pseudomonas aeruginosa was defined by using the method of Adler. Cells were attracted to compounds in the order ammonium chloride greater than amino acids greater than organic acids. Two sugars were assayed and elicited no response. Comparisons with other model systems are discussed. ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.133.1.427-429.1978
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chloramphenicol-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus contain an inducible enzyme which inactivates chloramphenicol by acetylation in the presence of acetyl coenzyme A. The products of acetylation are chromatographically indistinguishable from those obtained with chloramphenicol-resistant Escherichia coli harbori...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.95.1.28-36.1968
更新日期:1968-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Farrar, W. Edmund, Jr. (Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, D.C.), Thomas H. Kent, and Van B. Elliott. Lethal gram-negative bacterial superinfection in guinea pigs given bacitracin. J. Bacteriol. 92:496-501. 1966.-Oral administration of a single dose of bacitracin (either 2,000 or 10,000 units) was let...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.92.2.496-501.1966
更新日期:1966-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase, which reductively liberates nitrite from nitrate esters, is related to old yellow enzyme. Pentaerythritol tetranitrate reductase follows a ping-pong mechanism with competitive substrate inhibition by NADPH, is strongly inhibited by steroids, and is capable of reducing the unsatu...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.178.22.6623-6627.1996
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A mutational analysis of lesion-forming ability was undertaken in Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae B728a, causal agent of bacterial brown spot disease of bean. Following a screen of 6,401 Tn5-containing derivatives of B728a on bean pods, 26 strains that did not form disease lesions were identified. Nine of the mutant...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.179.7.2247-2258.1997
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned and sequenced a 505-base-pair (bp) segment of DNA situated upstream of mvaA, the structural gene for (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (EC 1.1.1.88) of Pseudomonas mevalonii. The DNA segment that we characterized includes the promoter region for the mva operon. Nuclease S1 mapping and ...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.171.10.5567-5571.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the growth of Clostridium cellulolyticum in chemostat cultures with ammonia as the growth-limiting nutrient, as much as 30% of the original cellobiose consumed by C. cellulolyticum was converted to cellotriose, glycogen, and polysaccharides regardless of the specific growth rates. Whereas the specific consumpti...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.182.7.2010-2017.2000
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genome duplication and segregation normally are completed before cell division in all organisms. The temporal relation of duplication and segregation, however, can vary in bacteria. Chromosomal regions can segregate towards opposite poles as they are replicated or can stay cohered for a considerable period before segr...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.188.3.1060-1070.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the regulation of the operon encoding xylose utilization in Staphylococcus xylosus C2a and Staphylococcus carnosus TM300. For in vivo studies, transcriptional fusions of the xylAB regulatory region to the lipase gene from Staphylococcus hyicus were constructed. Repression of lipase activity depend...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.174.9.3042-3048.1992
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A genetic element integrating site specifically into a prokaryotic gene usually carries a copy of the 3' portion of that gene that restores the active gene even as the original is disrupted. A cryptic element in Mesorhizobium loti instead carries a copy of the 5' end of the tRNA gene into which it integrated. This has...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jb.184.3.859-860.2002
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA binding protein WhiA is conserved in Gram-positive bacteria and is present in the genetically simple cell wall-lacking mycoplasmas. The protein shows homology to eukaryotic homing endonucleases but lacks nuclease activity. WhiA was first characterized in streptomycetes, where it regulates the expression of key...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00633-17
更新日期:2018-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::A chemotaxis signal transduction pathway (hereafter called Che1) has been previously identified in the alphaproteobacterium Azospirillum brasilense. Previous experiments have demonstrated that although mutants lacking CheB and/or CheR homologs from this pathway are defective in chemotaxis, a mutant in which the entire...
journal_title:Journal of bacteriology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JB.00734-08
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00