Abstract：
:The paper extends on the traditional methodology used to quantify DNA evidence in paternity or identification cases. By extending we imply that there are more than two alternatives to choose between. In a standard paternity case the two competing explanations H(1): "John Doe is the father of the child and H(2): "A random man is the father of the child, are typically considered. A paternity index of 100000 implies that the data is 100000 more likely assuming hypothesis H(1) rather than H(2). If H(2) is replaced by "A brother of John Doe is the father", the LR may change dramatically. The main topic of this paper is to determine the most probable pedigree given a certain set of data including DNA profiles. In the previous example this corresponds to determining the most likely relation between John Doe and the child. Based on DNA obtained from victims of a fire, bodies found in an ancient grave or from individuals seeking to confirm their anticipated family relations, we would like to determine the most probable pedigree. The approach we present provides the possibility to combine non-DNA evidence, say age of individuals, and DNA profiles. The program familias, obtainable as shareware from http://www.nr.no/familias, delivers the probabilities for the various family constellations. More precisely, the information (if any) prior to DNA is combined with the DNA-profiles in a Bayesian manner to deliver the posterior probabilities. We exemplify using the well published Romanov data where the accepted solution emerges among 4536 possibilities considered. Various other applications based on forensic case work are discussed. In addition we have simulated data to resemble an incest case. Since the true family relation is known in this case, we may evaluate the method.
journal_name
Forensic Sci Intjournal_title
Forensic science internationalauthors
Egeland T,Mostad PF,Mevâg B,Stenersen Mdoi
10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00147-xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-05-08 00:00:00pages
47-59issue
1eissn
0379-0738issn
1872-6283pii
S0379-0738(00)00147-Xjournal_volume
110pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Age estimation is a vital aspect in creating a biological profile and aids investigators by narrowing down potentially matching identities from the available pool. In addition to routine casework, in the present global political scenario, age estimation in living individuals is required in cases of refugees, asylum se...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.004
更新日期：2013-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the fact that the differences in epidermal ridge density between men and women have been accepted for some time, they have only been thoroughly demonstrated in a small number of populations. The aim of this study is to determine whether such differences exist in a sample of the Spanish population by counting e...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-08-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.06.032
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abstract：:Fundamental to any ballistic armour standard is the reference projectile to be defeated. Typically, for certification purposes, a consistent and symmetrical bullet geometry is assumed, however variations in bullet jacket dimensions can have far reaching consequences. Traditionally, characteristics and internal dimensi...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.11.002
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.03.002
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2005.11.024
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2008.04.001
更新日期：2008-07-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.03.002
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00043-2
更新日期：1999-06-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.08.006
更新日期：2007-07-04 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(88)90014-x
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.05.024
更新日期：2013-09-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110543
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2009.05.007
更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00029-8
更新日期：1999-05-17 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(96)01912-3
更新日期：1996-07-12 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0379-0738(91)90081-s
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(02)00045-2
更新日期：2002-04-18 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2006.08.014
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journal_title：Forensic science international
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更新日期：2003-03-12 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2018.07.007
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2017.11.037
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2010.02.001
更新日期：2010-05-20 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2016.07.009
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.08.019
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 4977-bp deletion in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is known to accumulate in various tissues with age. Since this deletion in mtDNA correlates closest with age in muscle tissue, iliopsoas muscle tissue was taken at autopsy from 50 persons aged 24-97 years to determine whether age at death can be estimated based o...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(99)00126-7
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Renal specimens from 19 autopsies of persons known to be intravenous heroin-addicts and with severe lympho-monocytic glomerulonephritis were investigated to correlate the inflammatory activity and deposits of immunoglobulin and complement. In all sections, there were 10 or more LCA-positive cells/glomerulum, counted i...
journal_title：Forensic science international
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0379-0738(00)00214-0
更新日期：2000-09-11 00:00:00
