Abstract:
:Examination of old human lenses indicates that low-molecular-weight alpha crystallin is not present in the inner 30-40%, the nucleus, of the lens. The remainder of such lenses, the periphery, contains normal levels of this protein. This finding is in marked contrast to observations in young lenses, where a large quantity of this protein is found throughout the tissue.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Roy D,Spector Adoi
10.1073/pnas.73.10.3484keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-10-01 00:00:00pages
3484-7issue
10eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::ADP ribosylation factor (ARF) is a small guanosine triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein that regulates the binding of coat proteins to membranes and is required for several stages of vesicular transport. ARF also stimulates phospholipase D (PLD) activity, which can alter the lipid content of membranes by conversion of p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.11.4952
更新日期:1995-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocyte-elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) expression is increased in multiple cancers and plays a central role in Ha-ras-mediated oncogenesis through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt signaling pathway. Additionally, overexpression of AEG-1 protects primary and transformed human and rat cells from serum starvation-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0910936106
更新日期:2009-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrastructural cytochemistry of natural killer cells enriched by Percoll gradient centrifugation showed them to possess arylsulfatase (aryl-sulfate sulfohydrolase, EC 3.1.6.1). The enzyme was located in vesicles, granules, and the parallel tubular arrays, organelles characteristic for cytotoxic lymphocytes. Biochemic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.22.6977
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The E2F1 transcription factor has a well-characterized activation domain at its C terminus and the E1A protein has a recently defined activation domain at its N terminus. Here we show that these activation domains are highly related in sequence. The sequence homology reflects, at least partly, the conservation of comm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.4.1439
更新日期:1996-02-20 00:00:00
abstract::In enteric bacteria, the cellular response to oxidative stress is activated by oxidation of the iron-sulfur clusters in SoxR, which then induces transcription of soxS, turning on a battery of defense genes. Here we demonstrate both in vitro and in cells that activation of SoxR can occur in a DNA-mediated reaction with...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0906429106
更新日期:2009-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Wild and managed bees are well documented as effective pollinators of global crops of economic importance. However, the contributions by pollinators other than bees have been little explored despite their potential to contribute to crop production and stability in the face of environmental change. Non-bee pollinators ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1517092112
更新日期:2016-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::An Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) deletion mutant, HR-1, cannot immortalize lymphocytes. HR-1 was derived from a virus strain, Jijoye, that is immortalization competent. Using human antiserum from certain patients with chronic active EBV infection, we have identified in Jijoye cells a protein of apparent mass of 78-80 kDa t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.21.7429
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleus accumbens is considered a critical target of the action of drugs of abuse. In this nucleus a "shell" and a "core" have been distinguished on the basis of anatomical and histochemical criteria. The present study investigated the effect in freely moving rats of intravenous cocaine, amphetamine, and morphine ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.26.12304
更新日期:1995-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling by a variety of receptor and nonreceptor tyrosine kinases is mediated by Ras, a membrane-associated GTPase. Expression of v-Src, a transforming nonreceptor tyrosine kinase, results in Ras activation, and inhibition of Ras function in NIH 3T3 cells suppresses transformation by v-Src, indicating that in these ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.7.3028
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) regulates the uptake of cell-surface receptors as well as their downstream signaling activities. We recently reported that signaling can reciprocally regulate CME in cancer cells and that this crosstalk can contribute to cancer progression. To further explore the nature and extent o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1810209115
更新日期:2018-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Interphase chromosomes were isolated in good yield from four species of fungi. In no case does the chromatin contain histones such as are characteristic of the chromosomes of other eukaryotic organisms. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.68.3.677
更新日期:1971-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 89-kDa cell surface glycoprotein, P3.58, is detectable on advanced human melanomas in situ but not on benign melanocytes or early melanomas. cDNA cloning of P3.58 from melanoma cells was accomplished by screening a lambda zap expression vector library with monoclonal antibodies produced against the denatured antig...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.2.641
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the accumulation of amyloid fibers in the brain, which can occur when a protein misfolds into an extended beta-sheet conformation. The nucleation of these beta-sheet aggregates is of particular interest, not only because it is the rate-determining step toward fiber ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0502804102
更新日期:2005-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Host species have evolved mechanisms that can inhibit pathogen replication even after a cell has been successfully invaded. Here we show that tripartite-motif protein 21 (TRIM21), a ubiquitously expressed E3 ubiquitin ligase that targets viruses inside the cytosol, protects mice against fatal viral infection. Upon inf...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1301918110
更新日期:2013-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Look-through mutagenesis (LTM) is a multidimensional mutagenesis method that simultaneously assesses and optimizes combinatorial mutations of selected amino acids. The process focuses on a precise distribution within one or more complementarity determining region (CDR) domains and explores the synergistic contribution...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0503543102
更新日期:2005-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Which network structures favor the rapid spread of new ideas, behaviors, or technologies? This question has been studied extensively using epidemic models. Here we consider a complementary point of view and consider scenarios where the individuals' behavior is the result of a strategic choice among competing alternati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1004098107
更新日期:2010-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::The inability of adenovirus to infect primitive hematopoietic cells presents an obstacle to the use of adenovirus vectors for gene transfer to these cell types. Therefore, expanding the tropism of adenovirus vectors to unique cell surface antigens would be an important development for gene therapy protocols. In this s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.16.8855
更新日期:1999-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::Influenza viruses contain segmented, negative-strand RNA genomes. Genome segmentation facilitates reassortment between different influenza virus strains infecting the same cell. This phenomenon results in the rapid exchange of RNA segments. In this study, we have developed a method to prevent the free reassortment of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0908897106
更新日期:2009-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The cytochrome P-450 superfamily of enzymes catalyzes the oxidative metabolism of innumerable lipophilic compounds (e.g., drugs, carcinogens, steroids). Although the three-dimensional structure of a soluble bacterial P-450 (P-450cam) has been solved, little is known about the structures of the membrane-bound mammalian...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.21.8262
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test directly whether fibrin(ogen) is a key binding site for apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)] in vessel walls, apo(a) transgenic mice and fibrinogen knockout mice were crossed to generate fibrin(ogen)-deficient apo(a) transgenic mice and control mice. In the vessel wall of apo(a) transgenic mice, fibrin(ogen) deposition ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.21.12591
更新日期:1998-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Exposures to ambient and household fine-particulate matter (PM2.5) together are among the largest single causes of premature mortality in India according to the Global Burden of Disease Studies (GBD). Several recent investigations have estimated that household emissions are the largest contributor to ambient PM2.5 exp...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1900888116
更新日期:2019-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Eukaryotic initiator proteins form origin recognition complexes (ORCs) that bind to replication origins during most of the cell cycle and direct assembly of prereplication complexes (pre-RCs) before the onset of S phase. In the eubacterium Escherichia coli, there is a temporally similar nucleoprotein complex comprisin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0909472106
更新日期:2009-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::Inherited retinal degeneration (RD) is a devastating and currently untreatable neurodegenerative condition that leads to loss of photoreceptor cells and blindness. The vast genetic heterogeneity of RD, the lack of "druggable" targets, and the access-limiting blood-retinal barrier (BRB) present major hurdles toward eff...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1718792115
更新日期:2018-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Production of amyloid-beta protein (Abeta) is initiated by a beta-secretase that cleaves the Abeta precursor protein (APP) at the N terminus of Abeta (the beta site). A recently identified aspartyl protease, BACE, cleaves the beta site and at residue 11 within the Abeta region of APP. Here we show that BACE2, a BACE h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.160115697
更新日期:2000-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription is a central step in gene expression, in which the DNA template is processively read by RNA polymerase II (Pol II), synthesizing a complementary messenger RNA transcript. At each cycle, Pol II moves exactly one register along the DNA, a process known as translocation. Although X-ray crystal structures ha...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1315751111
更新日期:2014-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Facilitation of social attraction and bonding by the evolutionarily conserved neuropeptide oxytocin is well-established in female mammals. However, accumulating behavioral evidence suggests that oxytocin may have evolved sex-specific functional roles in the domain of human social cognition. A critical question is how ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1602620113
更新日期:2016-07-05 00:00:00
abstract::Ecological character displacement describes a pattern where morphological differences between sympatric species are enhanced through interspecific competition. Although widely considered a pervasive force in evolutionary ecology, few clear-cut examples have been documented. Here we report a case of ecological characte...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.8.4106
更新日期:2000-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::cGMP is a second messenger that mediates numerous metabolic events; in the present work a role in myeloid cell differentiation was demonstrated. Nitroprusside and NaNO2, which activate cytosolic guanylate cyclase and increase the intracellular cGMP concentration, induced granulocytic differentiation of the human promy...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.18.7174
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the neuromuscular junction, two motor neuron-derived signals have been implicated in the regulation of synaptogenesis. Neuregulin-1 is thought to induce transcription of acetylcholine receptor (AChR) genes in subsynaptic muscle nuclei by activating ErbB receptors. Neural agrin aggregates AChRs by activating the rec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.251291598
更新日期:2001-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::Arginine methylation has emerged as a widespread and reversible protein modification with the potential to regulate a multitude of cellular processes, but its function is poorly understood. Endolysosomes play an important role in Wnt signaling, in which glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) becomes sequestered inside mult...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1804091115
更新日期:2018-06-05 00:00:00