Abstract：
:Howard Gardner identified five different kinds of creative activity among eminent creators, namely, solving a well-defined problem, putting forth a general conceptual scheme, creating a product that embodies ideas, stylized innovation of an art form, and a 'high-stakes' performance in the socio-political arena. In this paper, I report that Alfred Nobel's creativity can be assigned to two mutually exclusive domains. In the scientific domain, he solved a well-defined problem of his time in the study of explosives, by patenting dynamite, creating blasting gelatin as an ideal explosive and developing a nearly smokeless blasting powder. In the socio-political domain, Nobel designed a 'unique instrument' (in the form of annual prizes, which later came to be known as Nobel prizes) to recognize merit among those who contributed to social welfare at the global scale. The influence of Nobel's mentors, Nikolai Zinin, Yuli Trapp, Theophile-Jules Pelouze, Ascanio Sobrero, John Ericcson and Immanuel Nobel in igniting Nobel's scientific creativity also deserves recognition. Personal traits that helped Nobel to sharpen his creativity include his business acumen and talent for information access using his multi-lingual skills.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Kantha SSdoi
10.1054/mehy.1998.0777keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-10-01 00:00:00pages
338-44issue
4eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306987798907770journal_volume
53pub_type
传,历史文章,杂志文章abstract：:A holistic-organismic approach is suggested as foundation for intensified, systematic inquiry into relationships among adult attachment styles and various dimensions of physical and mental health. Exploratory findings of differences in stamina associated with adult attachment style are noted. The extent to which attac...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00125-7
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been shown to have a higher incidence of cancer. It is suggested that several factors, including hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, raised estrogen levels, chronic inflammation, and reduced apoptosis are responsible for this association. However, in this paper we propose t...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109437
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In humans, the nasal retina projects to the contralateral hemisphere, whereas the temporal retina projects ipsilaterally. The nasotemporal line that divides the retina into crossed and uncrossed parts coincides with the vertical meridian through the fovea. This normal projection of the retina is severely altered in al...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.06.028
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:High level contamination by natural and industrial sources of the alkali earth metal, barium (Ba) has been identified in the ecosystems/workplaces that are associated with high incidence clustering of multiple sclerosis (MS) and other neurodegenerative diseases such as the transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TS...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.034
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accurate detection and prevention of overuse musculoskeletal injuries is limited by the nature of somatic tissue injury. In the pathogenesis of overuse injuries, it is well recognized that an abnormal inflammatory response occurs within somatic tissue before pain is perceived which can disrupt the normal remodeling pr...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.12.003
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since forced unilateral nostril breathing activates the contralateral brain hemisphere, an animal analogue of this technique could be provided by methylmethacrylate gluing large plastic pellets in either the right or left nostrils in a group of rats. A large number of physiological, pharmacological, and immunological ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(89)90047-9
更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exercise is thought to have considerable potential as a preventive for osteoporosis. We critically examined 27 studies that address the prophylactic role of exercise in osteoporosis. The results from both cross-sectional and longitudinal studies showed that differences in bone mass were more pronounced in the axial sk...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(89)90118-7
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic individuals frequently suffer from skin pathologies, especially in their feet. Co-existing peripheral vascular disease and neuropathy exacerbate the capacity of these individuals to cope with infections, minor cuts and wounds, often leading to hard to treat and chronic ulcers. Copper has potent anti-fungal an...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.050
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vasogenic brain edema occurs as a result of a diverse spectrum of central nervous system pathology. The fundamental physiologic abnormality of vasogenic brain edema is an increase in cerebral capillary permeability. It is hypothesized that the recent development of new, potent, synthetic vasopressin antagonists will m...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(88)90112-0
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Meditation is a complex mental process involving changes in cognition, sensory perception, affect, hormones, and autonomic activity. Meditation has also become widely used in psychological and medical practices for stress management as well as a variety of physical and mental disorders. However, until now, there has b...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00175-0
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mathematics and physics, chaos theory deals with the behavior of certain nonlinear dynamical systems that under certain conditions exhibit a phenomenon known as chaos, which is characterised by a sensitivity to initial conditions. Mathematicians paradoxically call such states of order chaos and distinguish them fro...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.02.032
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coronavirus Diseases-2019 (COVID-19) has caused a large global outbreak and has been declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). It has been proposed that COVID-19-related hyperinflammation and dysregulated immune response might play a critical role in developing a cytokine storm which usually progr...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109947
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:No survival profit has been achieved for patients with disseminated prostate cancer since hormonal therapy was introduced. It is proposed that dissemination of rare prostatic cancer stem cells may lead to metastatic disease and that resistance of these cells to androgen ablation makes them responsible for failure of c...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2008.06.021
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hypterphosphorylation of tau proteins is a well-established step in the expression of the pathological features in Alzheimer's disease (AD). While a primary event that links aluminum and AD, the so-called 'aluminum hypotheses', is far from being demonstrated, however, the metal ion could be an important etiologica...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(95)90131-0
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cancer cells have a greater need for energy and a ready supply of the building blocks necessary for the synthesis of macromolecules (nucleotides, protein, lipids) in order to duplicate genome and biomass. The hypothesis can be postulated that those precursors for synthetic processes, which can only be furnished by gly...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2012.06.002
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In plastic and reconstructive surgery, there is a tremendous clinical need for adequate implants are needed to restore soft-tissue defects resulting from tumor resection, traumatic injury, or congenital anomalies. Restoring the aesthetic function of the soft tissue is as important as restoring the natural tissue funct...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2012.05.007
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma is the leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, which is now viewed as a disease of brain with pathogenesis not fully understood. The main diagnostic methods are examining the retinal nerve fiber layer through optical coherence tomography and investigating visual field defect, but these methods pres...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.12.020
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Along with oxygen, glucose is an essential macronutrient for most cells, a source of carbons for biosynthesis and energy. However, alongside this indispensable role for cell survival and growth, glucose is intrinsically toxic by reacting with primary amines such as lysine in proteins in a non-enzymatic glycation proce...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.02.017
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The paper discusses the unifying concept that cell hydration is the primary factor in the mechanism of carcinogenesis. The concept includes the following hypotheses: (1) Increased cell hydration causes cancer not only by promoting cell division and oncogene expression, but also by inactivating genes inducing cell diff...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.09.022
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We recently demonstrated that amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) is catabolized primarily by a neutral endopeptidase, neprilysin, in the brain and that a neuropeptide, somatostatin (SST), regulates brain Abeta level via modulation of neprilysin activity. Because SST expression in the brain declines upon aging in various mam...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.02.045
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last 10 years, we have witnessed major progress in the genetic study of schizophrenia, but gene-mapping efforts have been hampered by the complex mode of inheritance and the likelihood of multiple genes of small effect. In view of the complexity, it may be instructive to understand the biological bases for ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2007.02.003
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease with multiple organs involved. Kidney damage is common among SLE patients. In lupus nephritis, extracellular DNA accumulation from necrosis cells and activated cells is perceived as initial step of inflammation. The up-regulated type I IFN is one pivotal cyto...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.09.015
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebral ischemia is still one of the most confusing and enigmatic neurological disorders with least understood injuries. The EEG measures have been traditionally used to detect residual neural dysfunctions after cerebral ischemia although having several shortcomings, yielding controversial and inconsistent results. I...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2013.06.002
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper treats evidence for an increasing recognition of a force with intangible properties in biosystems with special reference to its ability to transport electrons at near 0 degree Kelvin. It is implied that such force, whose demonstration at these temperatures is an experimental contrivance to emphasise its str...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(95)90517-0
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following the rate of proteoglycan synthesis as the metabolic parameter of the growth of cartilage cells, indicates that hormonal and local agents are two distinct types of extracellular regulators responsible for altering the basic metabolic rates of cells. Such changes in growth rate occur regularly at physiological...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(80)90057-2
更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Is sleep especially beneficial in times of illness? Despite the widespread use of hypnotics, the medical position on this question is equivocal, for hospital practices seem rarely designed to encourage maximum sleeping. Sleep promotion is defined as the arrangement of conditions so that patients can achieve as much sl...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(84)90005-7
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both, hamstring and ACL injuries are among the most typical injuries, particularly in change of direction and high speed running sports. They're also difficult to treat. Therefore, in the past few years, sports medicine practitioners and exercise scientists have mainly been focusing on the development and implementati...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2017.10.002
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression is often associated with insulin resistance, owing to cortisol overproduction; conversely, many studies suggest that diabetics are at increased risk for depression. Recent evidence indicates that insulin is transported through the blood-brain barrier and influences brain function via widely distributed insu...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(94)90075-2
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory eye diseases such as uveitis are common and may eventually result in vision loss. Iron can play a critical role in ocular inflammation via promoting the generation of oxygen free radicals and it is also nutritionally essential for microbial growth. Considering this involvement of iron in inflammation and ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2017.03.029
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Atherosclerosis is a common disease whose complications, such as myocardial infarction, are a leading cause of mortality worldwide. Therefore, ideas which try to explain the circumstances of atherosclerotic plaque initiation and progression are warranted. We hypothesize that low-grade inflammation in early life (espec...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.10.026
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
