Abstract:
:Over the last decade, the acceleration in the clinical use of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has been nothing short of spectacular. Perhaps most surprising is how little we know about the "MSC product." Although MSCs are being delivered to patients at an alarming rate, the regulatory requirements for MSC therapies (for example in terms of quality assurance and quality control) are nowhere near the expectations of traditional pharmaceuticals. That said, the standards that define a chemical compound or purified recombinant protein cannot be applied with the same stringency to a cell-based therapy. Biological processes are dynamic, adaptive and variable. Heterogeneity will always exist or emerge within even the most rigorously sorted clonal cell populations. With MSCs, perhaps more so than any other therapeutic cell, heterogeneity pervades at multiple levels, from the sample source to the single cell. The research and clinical communities collectively need to recognize and take steps to address this troublesome truth, to ensure that the promise of MSC-based therapies is fulfilled.
journal_name
Front Immunoljournal_title
Frontiers in immunologyauthors
Wilson A,Hodgson-Garms M,Frith JE,Genever Pdoi
10.3389/fimmu.2019.01112subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-05-16 00:00:00pages
1112issn
1664-3224journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The salivary scavenger and agglutinin (SALSA), also known as gp340, salivary agglutinin and deleted in malignant brain tumor 1, is a 340-kDa glycoprotein expressed on mucosal surfaces and secreted into several body fluids. SALSA binds to a broad variety of microbes and endogenous ligands, such as complement factor C1q...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2012.00205
更新日期:2012-07-16 00:00:00
abstract::Mast cells constitutively express ß-catenin and expand in solid tumors such as colon and skin cancer. However, the role of ß-catenin signaling in mast cells and the cause or effect of mast cell expansion and tumor growth has yet to be established. In earlier studies we used mast cell depletion and protease staining ap...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02777
更新日期:2019-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Free heme is an inflammatory molecule capable of inducing migration and activation of neutrophils. Here, we examine the heme-driven oxidative stress-associated cell death mechanisms in human neutrophils infected with Leishmania infantum, an etiologic agent of visceral leishmaniasis (VL). We first performed exploratory...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01620
更新日期:2017-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Autoimmune diseases involve a complex dysregulation of immunity. Autoimmune diseases include many members [e.g., rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)], and most of them are classified according to what organs and tissues are targeted by the damaging immune response. Many studies have focuse...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02381
更新日期:2018-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::TLR8 is the major endosomal sensor of degraded RNA in human monocytes and macrophages. It has been implicated in the sensing of viruses and more recently also bacteria. We previously identified a TLR8-IFN regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) signaling pathway that mediates IFNβ and interleukin-12 (IL-12) induction by Staphyloco...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.01243
更新日期:2017-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::Allograft rejection constitutes a major complication of solid organ transplantation requiring prophylactic/therapeutic immunosuppression, which increases susceptibility of patients to infections and cancer. Beyond the pivotal role of alloantigen-specific T cells and antibodies in the pathogenesis of rejection, natural...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00166
更新日期:2017-02-16 00:00:00
abstract::Soluble CD83 (sCD83) is the extracellular domain of the membrane-bound CD83 molecule, and known for its immunoregulatory functions. Whether and how sCD83 participates in the pathogenesis of uveitis, a serious inflammatory disease of the eye that can cause visual disability and blindness, is unknown. By flow cytometry ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01567
更新日期:2018-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin 10 is a central regulator of the antigen-presenting function of myeloid cells. It exerts immunomodulatory effects in vivo and induces a regulatory phenotype in monocyte-derived cells in vitro. We analyzed phenotype and function of monocytic cells in vitro in relation to the cytokine milieu and the timing o...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01484
更新日期:2019-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α is a major pro-inflammatory cytokine produced in response to toll-like receptor stimulation. TNF-α release is controlled by the activity of TNF-α converting enzyme (TACE) that cut membrane-bound TNF-α to shed its ectodomain as a soluble cytokine. The purinergic receptor P2X ligand-gated i...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00862
更新日期:2017-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::Background: Each year, over 5 million red blood cell (RBC) transfusions are administered to patients in the USA. Despite the therapeutic benefits of RBC transfusions, there are associated risks. RBC-specific alloantibodies may form in response to antigenic differences between RBC donors and recipients; these alloantib...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02200
更新日期:2018-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Although NGS technologies fuel advances in high-throughput HLA genotyping methods for identification and classification of HLA genes to assist with precision medicine efforts in disease and transplantation, the efficiency of these methods are impeded by the absence of adequately-characterized high-frequency HLA allele...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02294
更新日期:2018-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::The Th17/T-regulatory (Treg) cell imbalance is involved in the occurrence and development of organ inflammation in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Metabolic pathways can regulate T cell differentiation and function, thus contributing to SLE inflammation. Increasingly, data have shown metabolism influences and repr...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01027
更新日期:2020-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Avian influenza A of the subtype H7N9 has been responsible for almost 1,600 confirmed human infections and more than 600 deaths since its first outbreak in 2013. Although sustained human-to-human transmission has not been reported yet, further adaptations to humans in the viral genome could potentially lead to an infl...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00869
更新日期:2018-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::A growing number of diseases in humans, including trauma, certain cancers, and infection, are known to be associated with l-arginine deficiency. In addition, l-arginine must be supplemented by diet during pregnancy to aid fetal development. In conditions of l-arginine depletion, T cell proliferation is impaired. We ha...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00487
更新日期:2017-04-25 00:00:00
abstract:Background:CD1d restricted invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells are important in the activation and regulation of immune responses. Limited information is available regarding the functional role of iNKT cells in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease progression. Methodology:α-GalCer stimulated iNKT cells w...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.01152
更新日期:2018-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Nephritic factors comprise a heterogeneous group of autoantibodies against neoepitopes generated in the C3 and C5 convertases of the complement system, causing its dysregulation. Classification of these autoantibodies can be clustered according to their stabilization of different convertases either from the classical ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00886
更新日期:2019-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Natural killer (NK) cells serve an important role in immune system by recognizing and killing the potentially malignant cells without antigen sensitization, and could be promising in cancer therapy. We have designed and fabricated microwell arrays with microchannel connections in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrates...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00998
更新日期:2017-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::It has been previously shown that the amyloid precursor protein (APP) support the innate immune defense as an immune receptor. Amyloid β (Aβ) peptides seem to have properties of an antimicrobial peptide and can act as opsonines. In APP-deficient mouse models, a reduced secretion of cytokines has been observed. Still, ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01967
更新日期:2020-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic approaches that engage immune cells to treat cancer are becoming increasingly utilized in the clinics and demonstrated durable clinical benefit in several solid tumor types. Most of the current immunotherapies focus on manipulating T cells, however, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is abundantly infiltrate...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02250
更新日期:2018-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Transfer of recipient regulatory T cells (Tregs) induces mixed chimerism and tolerance in an irradiation-free bone marrow (BM) transplantation (BMT) model involving short-course co-stimulation blockade and mTOR inhibition. Boosting endogenous Tregs pharmacologically in vivo would be an attractive alternative avoiding ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00821
更新日期:2017-07-19 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have been recommended as the first-line therapy for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients harboring EGFR mutations. However, acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs is inevitable. Although immune checkpoint blockades (ICBs) targeting the programm...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01366
更新日期:2020-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::Effective prophylactic strategy against the current epidemic of sexually transmitted HIV-1 infection requires understanding of the innate gatekeeping mechanisms at the genital mucosa. Surfactant protein D (SP-D), a member of the collectin family of proteins naturally present in the vaginal tract, is a potential HIV-1 ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00264
更新日期:2019-03-28 00:00:00
abstract::Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted virus. The high-risk HPV types (i.e., HPV16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 51, 52, 56, 58, 59) are considered to be the main etiological agents of genital tract cancers, such as cervical, vulvar, vaginal, penile, and anal cancers, and of a subset of head and...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00188
更新日期:2020-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::Platelets are anucleate blood cells that play a crucial role in the maintenance of hemostasis. While platelet activation and elevated platelet counts (thrombocytosis) are associated with increased risk of thrombotic complications, low platelet counts (thrombocytopenia) and several platelet function disorders increase ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2014.00649
更新日期:2014-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Microvesicles (MVs) are membrane particles of 200-500 nm released by all cell types constitutively. MVs of myeloid origin are found increased in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients suffering from neuroinflammatory disorders, although the factors triggering their production have never been defined. Here, we repor...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00204
更新日期:2018-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::Fc γ receptors (FcγR) expressed on the surface of human leukocytes bind clusters of immunoglobulin G (IgG) to induce a variety of responses. Many therapeutic antibodies and vaccine-elicited antibodies prevent or treat infectious diseases, cancers and autoimmune disorders by binding FcγRs, thus there is a need to fully...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00223
更新日期:2019-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00917.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01528
更新日期:2019-07-02 00:00:00
abstract::In response to microenvironmental cues, macrophages undergo a profound phenotypic transformation acquiring distinct activation phenotypes ranging from pro-inflammatory (M1) to anti-inflammatory (M2). To study how activation phenotype influences phagocytosis and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediated by r...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00303
更新日期:2017-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Intracellular adenosine monophosphate (AMP) is indispensable for cellular metabolic processes, and it is interconverted to ADP and/or ATP or activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, the specific biological function of extracellular AMP has not been identified. We evaluated the effect of extracellular AM...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.01220
更新日期:2020-07-07 00:00:00
abstract::Stromal cells are a subject of rapidly growing immunological interest based on their ability to influence virtually all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Present in every bodily tissue, stromal cells complement the functions of classical immune cells by sensing pathogens and tissue damage, coordinating leukocyt...
journal_title:Frontiers in immunology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.01093
更新日期:2019-05-15 00:00:00