Abstract:
:Introduction: Spasticity is a typical motor disorder in patients affected by stroke. Typically post-stroke rehabilitation consists of repetition of mobilization exercises on impaired limbs, aimed to reduce muscle hypertonia and mitigate spastic reflexes. It is currently strongly debated if the treatment's effectiveness improves with the timeliness of its adoption; in particular, starting intensive rehabilitation as close as possible to the stroke event may counteract the growth and postpone the onset of spasticity. In this paper we present a phase-II clinical validation of a robotic exoskeleton in treating subacute post-stroke patients. Methods: Seventeen post-stroke patients participated in 10 daily rehabilitation sessions using the NEUROExos Elbow Module exoskeleton, each one lasting 45 min: the exercises consisted of isokinetic passive mobilization of the elbow, with torque threshold to detect excessive user's resistance to the movement. We investigated the safety by reporting possible adverse events, such as mechanical, electrical or software failures of the device or injuries or pain experienced by the patient. As regards the efficacy, the Modified Ashworth Scale, was identified as primary outcome measure and the NEEM metrics describing elbow joint resistance to passive extension (i.e., maximum extension torque and zero-torque angle) as secondary outcomes. Results: During the entire duration of the treatments no failures or adverse events for the patients were reported. No statistically significant differences were found in the Modified Ashworth Scale scores, between pre-treatment and post-treatment and between post-treatment and follow-up sessions, indicating the absence of spasticity increase throughout (14 days) and after (3-4 months follow-up) the treatment. Exoskeleton metrics confirmed the absence of significant difference in between pre- and post-treatment data, whereas intra-session data highlighted significant differences in the secondary outcomes, toward a decrease of the subject's joint resistance. Conclusions: The results show that our robotic exoskeleton can be safely used for prolonged sessions in post-stroke and suggest that intensive early rehabilitation treatment may prevent the occurrence of spasticity at a later stage. Moreover, the NEEM metrics were found to be reliable compared to the Modified Ashworth Scale and sensitive to revealing intra-session changes of elbow resistance to passive extension, in agreement with clinical evidences.
journal_name
Front Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in neuroscienceauthors
Crea S,Cempini M,Mazzoleni S,Carrozza MC,Posteraro F,Vitiello Ndoi
10.3389/fnins.2017.00261subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-05-12 00:00:00pages
261eissn
1662-4548issn
1662-453Xjournal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The mean diffusivity (MD) value has been used to describe microstructural properties in Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) in cortical gray matter (GM). Recently, researchers have applied a cortical surface generated from the T1-weighted volume. When the DTI data are analyzed using the cortical surface, it is important to...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00236
更新日期:2015-07-14 00:00:00
abstract::The melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) system is a robust integrator of exogenous and endogenous information, modulating arousal and energy balance in mammals. Its predominant function in teleosts, however, is to concentrate melanin in the scales, contributing to the adaptive color change observed in several teleost ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01280
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Hearing loss can develop as a consequence of primary auditory neuron degeneration. These neurons are present within the spiral ganglion of the inner ear and co-exist with glial cells that assist in neuronal maintenance and function. There are limited interventions for individuals with hearing impairment, hence novel b...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00822
更新日期:2018-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::Event-related potential (ERP) studies using the task-switching paradigm show that multiple ERP components are modulated by activation of proactive control processes involved in preparing to repeat or switch task and reactive control processes involved in implementation of the current or new task. Our understanding of ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00143
更新日期:2018-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Musical training has recently gained additional interest in education as increasing neuroscientific research demonstrates its positive effects on brain development. Neuroimaging revealed plastic changes in the brains of adult musicians but it is still unclear to what extent they are the product of intensive music trai...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00279
更新日期:2014-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::Alcoholism is a serious public health concern that is characterized by the development of tolerance to alcohol's effects, increased consumption, loss of control over drinking and the development of physical dependence. This cycle is often times punctuated by periods of abstinence, craving and relapse. The development ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00144
更新日期:2015-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00117.]. ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00374
更新日期:2019-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::New neurons are generated in the hippocampal dentate gyrus from early development through adulthood. Progenitor cells and immature granule cells in the subgranular zone are responsive to changes in their environment; and indeed, a large body of research indicates that neuronal interactions and the dentate gyrus milieu...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.01014
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegenerative diseases are among the leading causes of disability and death worldwide. The disease-related socioeconomic burden is expected to increase with the steadily increasing life expectancy. In spite of decades of clinical and basic research, most strategies designed to manage degenerative brain diseases ar...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00728
更新日期:2019-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::The heart may be a mirror of the soul, but the human mind is more than its heart rate variability (HRV). Many techniques to quantify HRV promise to give a view of what is going on in the body or even the psyche of the subject under study. This "Hypothesis" paper gives, on the one hand, a critical view on the field of ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.609570
更新日期:2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent regulator of neuronal development and synaptic plasticity that is fundamental to neural circuit formation and cognition. It is also involved in the control of appetite and body weight, with mutations in the genes for BDNF and its receptor, TrkB, resulting in remarka...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2013.00037
更新日期:2013-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::The neurohormone oxytocin (OXT) has been found to mediate the regulation of complex socioemotional cognition in multiple ways both in humans and other animals. Recent studies have investigated the effects of OXT in different levels of analysis (from genetic to behavioral) chiefly targeting its impact on the social com...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00271
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Graph neural networks (GNN) rely on graph operations that include neural network training for various graph related tasks. Recently, several attempts have been made to apply the GNNs to functional magnetic resonance image (fMRI) data. Despite recent progresses, a common limitation is its difficulty to explain the clas...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00630
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:The phantom sound of tinnitus is considered to be associated with abnormal functional coupling between the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and the prefrontal cortex, which may form a frontostriatal top-down gating system to evaluate and modulate sensory signals. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01299
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Basic and neutral neurohypophyseal (NH) nonapeptides have evolved from vasotocin (VT) by a gene duplication at the base of the gnathostome lineage. In teleosts, VT and IT are the basic and neutral peptides, respectively. In the present study, VT and IT precursor genes of Heteropneustes fossilis and Clarias batrachus (...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2015.00166
更新日期:2015-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::The recently renewed focus on the human exploration of outer space has boosted the interest toward a variety of questions regarding health of astronauts and cosmonauts. Among the others, sleep has traditionally been considered a central issue. To extend the research chances, human sleep alterations have been investiga...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00851
更新日期:2020-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal accumulation of TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) in the cytoplasm and its disappearance from the nucleus are pathological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia (ALS/FTD) and are directly involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. TDP-43 is an essential nuclear protein...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00028
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To ensure survival, animals must update the internal representations of their environment in a trial-and-error fashion. Psychological studies of associative learning and neurophysiological analyses of dopaminergic neurons have suggested that this updating process involves the temporal-difference (TD) method in the bas...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00476
更新日期:2016-11-08 00:00:00
abstract::Overview- One hundred and ten years since its first description Alzheimer's disease (AD) still retains its prominent status: (i) as the industrialized world's number one cause of age-related intellectual impairment and cognitive decline; (ii) as this country's most rapidly expanding socioeconomic and healthcare concer...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2016.00059
更新日期:2016-02-25 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common cause of dementia, is highly prevalent worldwide with no modifying therapy. Behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) occur in most patients with AD, and depression is one of the most common AD-related BPSD. Kaixinsan (KXS) is an ancient Chinese herbal prescript...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type:
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.01421
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging neuroimaging studies emphasize the dynamic organization of spontaneous brain activity in both human and non-human primates, even under anesthesia. In a recent study, we were able to characterize the heterogeneous architecture of intrinsic functional flexibility in the awake, resting human brain using time-res...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2019.00174
更新日期:2019-02-28 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Emerging evidence demonstrates that diet-induced obesity disrupts corticolimbic circuits underlying emotional regulation. Studies directed at understanding how obesity alters brain and behavior are easily confounded by a myriad of complications related to obesity. This study investigated the early neurobiolo...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00562
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Animals must routinely deal with barriers as they move through their natural environment. These challenges require directed changes in leg movements and posture performed in the context of ever changing internal and external conditions. In particular, cockroaches use a combination of tactile and visual information to ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00097
更新日期:2012-07-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cochlear implantation constitutes a successful therapy of inner ear deafness, with the majority of patients showing good outcomes. There is, however, still some unexplained variability in outcomes with a number of cochlear-implant (CI) users, showing major limitations in speech comprehension. The current study used a ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00787
更新日期:2020-08-11 00:00:00
abstract::The application of statistical machine learning techniques to neuroimaging data has allowed researchers to decode the cognitive and disease states of participants. The majority of studies using these techniques have focused on pattern classification to decode the type of object a participant is viewing, the type of co...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2011.00075
更新日期:2011-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic glial activation is characterized by an increased number of activated microglia and astroglia; these secrete free radicals and cytotoxic cytokines, subsequently causing neuronal damage. This study investigated the hypothesis that a soy-lecithin based phytosomal curcumin formulation can decrease glial activatio...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.00170
更新日期:2020-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::Emerging evidence suggest an impaired endocannabinoid activity in the pathophysiology of binge eating disorder (BED). Herein, we investigated whether endocannabinoid tone could be modified as a consequence of dietary-induced binge eating in female rats. For this purpose, brain levels of the endocannabinoids anandamide...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00040
更新日期:2018-02-02 00:00:00
abstract::Recent intriguing evidence suggests that metabolites of amyloid precursor protein (APP), mutated in familial forms of Alzheimer's disease (AD), play critical roles in developmental and postnatal neurogenesis. Of note is soluble APPα (sAPPα) that regulates neural progenitor cell proliferation. The APP family encompasse...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00081
更新日期:2012-06-04 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's dementia commonly impacts the health of older adults and lacks any preventative therapy. While Alzheimer's dementia risk has a substantial genetic component, the specific molecular mechanisms and neuropathologies triggered by most of the known genetic variants are unclear. Resultantly, they have shown limi...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00699
更新日期:2018-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::The functional characterization of crustacean neuropeptides and their cognate receptors has not kept pace with the recent advances in sequence determination and, therefore, our understanding of the physiological roles of neuropeptides in this important arthropod sub-phylum is rather limited. We identified a candidate ...
journal_title:Frontiers in neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnins.2018.00454
更新日期:2018-07-04 00:00:00