Abstract：
:Understanding speech in the presence of background sound can be challenging for older adults. Speech comprehension in noise appears to depend on working memory and executive-control processes (e.g., Heald and Nusbaum, 2014), and their augmentation through training may have rehabilitative potential for age-related hearing loss. We examined the efficacy of adaptive working-memory training (Cogmed; Klingberg et al., 2002) in 24 older adults, assessing generalization to other working-memory tasks (near-transfer) and to other cognitive domains (far-transfer) using a cognitive test battery, including the Reading Span test, sensitive to working memory (e.g., Daneman and Carpenter, 1980). We also assessed far transfer to speech-in-noise performance, including a closed-set sentence task (Kidd et al., 2008). To examine the effect of cognitive training on benefit obtained from semantic context, we also assessed transfer to open-set sentences; half were semantically coherent (high-context) and half were semantically anomalous (low-context). Subjects completed 25 sessions (0.5-1 h each; 5 sessions/week) of both adaptive working memory training and placebo training over 10 weeks in a crossover design. Subjects' scores on the adaptive working-memory training tasks improved as a result of training. However, training did not transfer to other working memory tasks, nor to tasks recruiting other cognitive domains. We did not observe any training-related improvement in speech-in-noise performance. Measures of working memory correlated with the intelligibility of low-context, but not high-context, sentences, suggesting that sentence context may reduce the load on working memory. The Reading Span test significantly correlated only with a test of visual episodic memory, suggesting that the Reading Span test is not a pure-test of working memory, as is commonly assumed.
journal_name
Front Aging Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in aging neuroscienceauthors
Wayne RV,Hamilton C,Jones Huyck J,Johnsrude ISdoi
10.3389/fnagi.2016.00049subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-03-22 00:00:00pages
49issn
1663-4365journal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:During the last two decades, protein aggregation at all organismal levels, from viruses to humans, has emerged from a neglected area of protein science to become a central issue in biology and biomedicine. This article constitutes a risk-based review aimed at supporting an etiologic scenario of selected, spo...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2016.00138
更新日期：2016-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Aerobic physical exercise (APE) leads to improved brain functions. To better understand the beneficial effect of APE on the aging brain, a morphometric study was carried out of changes in hippocampal synapses of old (>27 months) Balb/c mice undergoing treadmill training (OTT) for 4 weeks in comparison with old sedenta...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2018.00141
更新日期：2018-05-16 00:00:00
abstract：:While aging can lead to significant declines in perceptual and cognitive function, the effects of age on multisensory integration, the process in which the brain combines information across the senses, are less clear. Recent reports suggest that older adults are susceptible to the sound-induced flash illusion (Shams e...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2014.00250
更新日期：2014-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: Leisure-time physical activity (PA) has been proposed as a protective factor against dementia, whereas psychological distress is associated with an increased risk of dementia. We investigated the associations of leisure-time PA and psychological distress with dementia-related mortality, and whether the ass...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2018.00151
更新日期：2018-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies investigating working memory performance in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have mainly focused on the neural mechanisms of alterations in activation. To date, very few studies have investigated background network alterations in the working memory state. Therefore, the present study inve...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00152
更新日期：2019-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying age-associated cognitive impairments will not only contribute to our general knowledge about "aging" biology, but also provide insights for more effective strategies to prevent and improve the quality of life for both normal aging and pathological aging such as Alzheim...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00246
更新日期：2019-09-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate transporter solute carrier family 1, member 2 (GLT1/EAAT2), a major modulator of glutamate homeostasis in astrocytes, is assessed in post-mortem human brain samples of frontal cortex area 8 in advanced stages of Alzheimer disease (AD) and terminal stages of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in order to gain un...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2018.00122
更新日期：2018-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) are two major neurodegenerative diseases worldwide. Demographic aging is in rapid progress in China. Up-to-date estimates of AD and PD prevalence have not been provided. Methods: Studies that reported the prevalence of AD and PD in China were identified...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2020.603854
更新日期：2020-12-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Ishigami and Klein (2010) showed that scores of the three attention networks (alerting, orienting, and executive control) measured with the two versions of the Attention Network Test (ANT; Fan et al., 2002; Callejas et al., 2005) were robust over 10 sessions of repeated testing even though practice effects were consis...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2011.00017
更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Objectives: To explore the transfer effects of cognitive training on working memory among older Chinese adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: Sixty-two MCI participants aged more than 60 years old were recruited by holding recruitment sessions in communities in China [33 for cognitive training, and 29 ...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00212
更新日期：2019-08-14 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP) has shown positive and long-lasting effects in patients with tendinopathies. However, information about age-related differences in the clinical outcome is limited. Aim of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy of PRP therapy in young and elderly subjects suffering for...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2015.00228
更新日期：2015-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: Two main models have been advanced to explain the asymmetries observed in the representation and processing of emotions. The first model, labeled "the right hemisphere hypothesis," assumes a general dominance of the right hemisphere for all emotions, regardless of affective valence. The second model, named...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00055
更新日期：2019-03-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) is a significant complication of surgery, particularly in elderly patients. Emerging researches showed that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) may play a vital role in the pathogenesis of POCD. Here we aimed to identify potential key lncRNAs involved in the development of POCD. Lnc...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00181
更新日期：2019-07-17 00:00:00
abstract：:DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic mechanism involving in gene transcription modulation. An age-related increase in promoter methylation has been observed for neuronal activity and memory genes, and participates in neurological disorders. However, the position and precise mechanism of DNA methylation for memor...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2020.00211
更新日期：2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a multisystemic neurodegenerative disorder. Given that peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) serve as a "window to the central nervous system" we aimed to answer whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ALS-PBMCs is related to disease aggressiveness. We studied ER stress...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00005
更新日期：2019-01-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between decline in physical function and age-related conditions, such as reduced cognitive performance and vascular disease, may be explained by genetic influence on shared biological pathways of importance for aging. The apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene is well-known for its association with Alzheimer's d...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2016.00225
更新日期：2016-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Disrupted metal homeostasis is a consistent feature of neurodegenerative disease in humans and is recapitulated in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and neuronal ceriod lipofuscinosis. While the definitive pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disease in humans r...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2014.00015
更新日期：2014-02-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Abnormalities and impairments in axonal transport are suggested to strongly contribute to the pathological alterations underlying AD. The exact mechanisms leading to axonopathy are currently unclear, but it was recently suggested that APP expression itself triggers axonal degeneration. We used APP transgenic mice and ...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2014.00139
更新日期：2014-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Disruptions in metal ion homeostasis have been described in association with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) for a number of years but the precise mechanism of involvement is poorly understood. Metal ions are especially important to familial ALS cases caused by mutations in the metalloenzyme copper-zinc superoxide...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2014.00110
更新日期：2014-06-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroimaging-based age prediction using machine learning is proposed as a biomarker of brain aging, relating to cognitive performance, health outcomes and progression of neurodegenerative disease. However, even leading age-prediction algorithms contain measurement error, motivating efforts to improve experimental pipe...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2018.00028
更新日期：2018-02-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Background: Amyloid beta 1-43 (Aβ43) may be a useful additional biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD). We have investigated cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of Aβ43 in patients with early-onset AD in contrast to levels in late-onset AD. For comparison, in addition to the 'core' biomarkers, several other an...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2017.00210
更新日期：2017-06-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective: Late-life depression (LLD) is associated with development of different types of dementia. Identification of LLD patients, who will develop cognitive decline, i.e., the early stage of dementia would help to implement interventions earlier. The purpose of this study was to assess whether structural brain magn...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2017.00013
更新日期：2017-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Latin-American people with dementia will increase to an astounding 368% in 2050, higher than USA and Europe. In addition, to sporadic dementia type like Alzheimer, and vascular dementia (VaD) progression after Cerebrovascular disease is also found. These incidences are increased in Colombia by specific populations aff...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2016.00304
更新日期：2016-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of the neural mechanisms of navigation and context discrimination have generated a powerful heuristic for understanding how neural codes, circuits, and computations contribute to accurate behavior as animals traverse and learn about spatially extended environments. It is assumed that memories are updated as a ...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2012.00022
更新日期：2012-08-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Hearing loss is an important risk factor for dementia. However, the mechanisms that relate these disorders are still unknown. As a proxy of this relationship, we studied the structural brain changes associated with functional impairment in activities of daily living in subjects with age related hearing loss, or presby...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2020.00102
更新日期：2020-04-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, for which aging remains the major risk factor. Aging is under a consistent pressure of increasing brain entropy (BEN) due to the progressive brain deteriorations. Noticeably, the brain constantly consumes a large amount of energy to maintain its func...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2020.596122
更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Manganese-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MEMRI) rose to prominence in the 1990s as a sensitive approach to high contrast imaging. Following the discovery of manganese conductance through calcium-permeable channels, MEMRI applications expanded to include functional imaging in the central nervous system (CNS) and ...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2018.00403
更新日期：2018-12-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by a progressive cognitive decline and believed to be driven by the self-aggregation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide into oligomers and fibrils that accumulate as senile plaques. It is widely accepted that microglia-mediated inflammation is a significant contributor to disease patho...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2017.00277
更新日期：2017-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disorder defined by a loss of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra in the brain. It is associated with cytosolic inclusions known as Lewy bodies. The major component of Lewy bodies is aggregated alpha-synuclein. The molecular mechanism of alpha...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2020.00072
更新日期：2020-03-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglial cells become dystrophic with aging; this phenotypic alteration contributes to basal central nervous system (CNS) neuroinflammation being a risk factor for age related neurodegenerative diseases. In previous studies we have observed that insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1) gene therapy is a feasible approach...
journal_title：Frontiers in aging neuroscience
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3389/fnagi.2019.00048
更新日期：2019-03-05 00:00:00
