Abstract:
:OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of isocaloric, energy-restricted very low-carbohydrate ketogenic (VLCK) and low-fat (LF) diets on weight loss, body composition, trunk fat mass, and resting energy expenditure (REE) in overweight/obese men and women. DESIGN: Randomized, balanced, two diet period clinical intervention study. Subjects were prescribed two energy-restricted (-500 kcal/day) diets: a VLCK diet with a goal to decrease carbohydrate levels below 10% of energy and induce ketosis and a LF diet with a goal similar to national recommendations (%carbohydrate:fat:protein = ~60:25:15%). SUBJECTS: 15 healthy, overweight/obese men (mean +/- s.e.m.: age 33.2 +/- 2.9 y, body mass 109.1 +/- 4.6 kg, body mass index 34.1 +/- 1.1 kg/m2) and 13 premenopausal women (age 34.0 +/- 2.4 y, body mass 76.3 +/- 3.6 kg, body mass index 29.6 +/- 1.1 kg/m2). MEASUREMENTS: Weight loss, body composition, trunk fat (by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), and resting energy expenditure (REE) were determined at baseline and after each diet intervention. Data were analyzed for between group differences considering the first diet phase only and within group differences considering the response to both diets within each person. RESULTS: Actual nutrient intakes from food records during the VLCK (%carbohydrate:fat:protein = ~9:63:28%) and the LF (~58:22:20%) were significantly different. Dietary energy was restricted, but was slightly higher during the VLCK (1855 kcal/day) compared to the LF (1562 kcal/day) diet for men. Both between and within group comparisons revealed a distinct advantage of a VLCK over a LF diet for weight loss, total fat loss, and trunk fat loss for men (despite significantly greater energy intake). The majority of women also responded more favorably to the VLCK diet, especially in terms of trunk fat loss. The greater reduction in trunk fat was not merely due to the greater total fat loss, because the ratio of trunk fat/total fat was also significantly reduced during the VLCK diet in men and women. Absolute REE (kcal/day) was decreased with both diets as expected, but REE expressed relative to body mass (kcal/kg), was better maintained on the VLCK diet for men only. Individual responses clearly show the majority of men and women experience greater weight and fat loss on a VLCK than a LF diet. CONCLUSION: This study shows a clear benefit of a VLCK over LF diet for short-term body weight and fat loss, especially in men. A preferential loss of fat in the trunk region with a VLCK diet is novel and potentially clinically significant but requires further validation. These data provide additional support for the concept of metabolic advantage with diets representing extremes in macronutrient distribution.
journal_name
Nutr Metab (Lond)journal_title
Nutrition & metabolismauthors
Volek J,Sharman M,Gómez A,Judelson D,Rubin M,Watson G,Sokmen B,Silvestre R,French D,Kraemer Wdoi
10.1186/1743-7075-1-13keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-08 00:00:00pages
13issue
1issn
1743-7075pii
1743-7075-1-13journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We studied the regulation of brain acetyl CoA carboxylase (ACC) activity during food deprivation and under the influence of hormones of glucose homeostasis: glucagon and insulin. Mice were deprived of food and water for time periods of 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 hours and were then allowed to re-feed for 5, 30 and 60 minut...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-3-15
更新日期:2006-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although evidence indicates that fatty acids (FA) can affect insulin resistance (IR), not all FA contribute equally to the process. Indeed, monounsaturated FA (MUFA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) are reported to reduce IR, whereas saturated FA (SFA) and trans FA appear to increase IR. However, it is not yet ...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-10-42
更新日期:2013-06-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recent data suggest that an increased level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is not causally protective against heart disease, shifting focus to other sub-phenotypes of HDL. Prior work on the effects of dietary intakes has focused largely on HDL-C. The goal of this study was to identify the di...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-11-44
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A major portion of available fatty acids for adipocyte uptake is derived from lipoprotein lipase (LPL)-mediated hydrolysis of circulating lipoprotein particles. In vivo studies aimed at identifying the precise role of adipocyte-derived LPL in fat storage function of adipose tissue have been unable to provide...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-4-22
更新日期:2007-10-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Trehalose is well known as a functional disaccharide with anti-metabolic activities such as suppression of adipocyte hypertrophy in mice and alleviation of impaired glucose tolerance in humans. Recently, a new type of adipocyte beige cells, involved in so-called white adipocyte tissue (WAT) browning, has rec...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0373-4
更新日期:2019-07-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content of beef can be increased by supplementing appropriate beef cattle diets with vegetable oil or oil seed. Yet the effect of consumption of such beef on adipose tissue characteristics is unclear, thus the study was conducted to compare adipose tissue responses of rats ...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-6-19
更新日期:2009-04-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Overweight and obesity are widespread chronic disorders defined as excessive fat accumulation, and are major risk factors for several chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, high blood pressure and fatty liver. Changes in lifestyle such as increased physical activity and a healthy...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-016-0151-5
更新日期:2016-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:Background:We previously reported on the anti-obesogenic and anti-inflammatory effects associated with n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) in our diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. Two isocaloric high-fat diets (HFDs; 48 kJ% fat), HFD (HF) and n-3 LCPUFA-enriched HFD (HF/n-3), and a control diet (C...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-018-0291-x
更新日期:2018-09-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) is an anti-inflammatory adipokine modulating metabolism dysfunction. This study aims to observe the effect of recombinant SFRP5 protein on nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). METHODS:We set up a prokaryotic expression system and purified the recombinant SFRP5 pro...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-017-0208-0
更新日期:2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was conducted to determine the effect of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) supplementation on the inflammatory markers among patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) and related disorders. Methods:We searched the following databases until N...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12986-018-0274-y
更新日期:2018-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Caloric restriction since birth changes glucose metabolism by the liver in overnight-fasted rats to a fed-like pattern, in which glucose output is large but gluconeogenesis is negligible. It was investigated whether these changes could be a residual effect of the nutritional condition during lactation and wh...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0413-0
更新日期:2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Diet and exercise play important roles in ameliorating metabolic syndrome. Yunkang 10 (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) is a most cultivated tea variety for making tea in the Southwestern China. Currently, there is no report of healthy effects of Yunkang 10 green tea (YKGT) and treadmill exercise (Ex) on hig...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-020-0433-9
更新日期:2020-02-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to investigate whether two variants of the TCF7L2 (rs7903146 and rs12255372) modify the association between nut consumption and the risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Additionally, the modifying effect of weight change during follow-up on these associations was investigated. MATERI...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-021-00542-7
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) area is a strong predictor of obesity-related cardiometabolic alterations, but its measurement is costly, time consuming and, in some cases, involves radiation exposure. Glutamate, a by-product of branched-chain-amino-acid (BCAA) catabolism, has been shown to be increased in vis...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-018-0316-5
更新日期:2018-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Insufficient calcium intake has been proposed to cause unbalanced energy partitioning leading to obesity. However, weight loss interventions including dietary calcium or dairy product consumption have not reported changes in lipid metabolism measured by the plasma lipidome. METHODS:The objective of this stu...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-67
更新日期:2011-10-05 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrition & Metabolism has grown considerably in the ten years since its first article was published. To see how papers published in the journal had an impact we have identified some of the most popular articles in order to measure their influence, observe which fields are important to our readers, and try to explain ...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-11-13
更新日期:2014-03-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:α-glucosidase inhibitors regulate postprandial hyperglycemia (PPHG) by impeding the rate of carbohydrate digestion in the small intestine and thereby hampering the diet associated acute glucose excursion. PPHG is a major risk factor for diabetic vascular complications leading to disabilities and mortality in...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-46
更新日期:2011-06-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Body volume expands with the positive energy balance associated with the development of adult human obesity and this "growth" is captured by two widely used clinical metrics, waist circumference and body mass index (BMI). Empirical correlations between circumferences, BMI, and related body compartments are f...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-5-24
更新日期:2008-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:Background:High levels circulating saturated fatty acids are associated with diabetes, obesity and hyperlipidemia. In heart, the accumulation of saturated fatty acids has been determined to play a role in the development of heart failure and diabetic cardiomyopathy. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) has been reported to p...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0356-5
更新日期:2019-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Propolis is a sticky, resinous material gather from plants and is blended with wax and other constituents. It is reported to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and blood glucose-lowering properties. This review aims to summarise evidences for the cellular and molecular mechanism of Propolis in inflammation, oxidat...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-020-00485-5
更新日期:2020-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED: BACKGROUND:Leptin-deficient ob/ob mice exhibit adipocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia as well as elevated adipose tissue and systemic inflammation. Multipotent stem cells isolated from adult adipose tissue can differentiate into adipocytes ex vivo and thereby contribute toward increased adipocyte cell numbe...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-109
更新日期:2012-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:: Sphingomyelin synthase (SMS) sits at the crossroads of sphingomyelin (SM), ceramide, diacylglycerol (DAG) metabolism. It utilizes ceramide and phosphatidylcholine as substrates to produce SM and DAG, thereby regulating lipid messengers which play a role in cell survival and apoptosis. Furthermore, its product SM has ...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-89
更新日期:2011-12-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Management of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) has been difficult using standard therapy (radiation with temozolomide chemotherapy). The ketogenic diet is used commonly to treat refractory epilepsy in children and, when administered in restricted amounts, can also target energy metabolism in brain tumors. We re...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-7-33
更新日期:2010-04-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sub-optimally nourished rats show reduced growth, biochemical and physiological changes. However, no one has assessed metabolic rate adaptations in rats subjected to chronic suboptimal nutrition (CSN). In this study energy expenditure (EE; kcal/100 g body weight) and physical activity (PA; oscillations in we...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-3-11
更新日期:2006-01-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Compared to the corresponding source of inorganic trace minerals (TM), chelated supplements are characterized by better physical heterogeneity and chemical stability and appear to be better absorbed in the gut due to possibly decreased interaction with other feed components. METHODS:This study was designed ...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-020-00520-5
更新日期:2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Two major risk factors for the onset of fatty liver disease are excessive alcohol intake and obesity, the latter being associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of black rice extract (BRE) on hepatic steatosis and insulin resistance in high-fa...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-9-27
更新日期:2012-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of onion as functional ingredient on the oxidative status, lipoprotein levels (total cholesterol-TC, HDL-C, LDL-C), triacylglycerides (TAG) and vascular reactivity of mesenteric arteries in hypercholesterolemic Wistar rats. METHODS:Twenty-four animals ...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-11-57
更新日期:2014-12-23 00:00:00
abstract:Background:It is not clear whether the frequently reported phenomenon of exercise-induced anorexia is exacerbated or blunted in warm or cold environments. Therefore, this study investigated the effects of exercise in three different environmental temperatures vs. rest, on perceptions of appetite, appetite regulating ho...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12986-019-0348-5
更新日期:2019-05-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Many studies have shown that vegetarian diet has beneficial effects on the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. However, the effect of vegetarian diet on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), as well as the association between IMT and duration of vegetarian diet, are still unclear. The present study aims to...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-8-63
更新日期:2011-09-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endothelial dysfunction (ED) is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events. ED is also a reversible disorder, and nitric oxide donors like L-arginine may promote this process. Despite the positive results from several studies, there are some studies that have shown that L-arginine administration did n...
journal_title:Nutrition & metabolism
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1743-7075-6-13
更新日期:2009-03-24 00:00:00