Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To determine the contribution of inheritance to the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. DESIGN:Historical cohort study. First degree relatives of cases with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck made up the exposed cohort and first degree relatives of spouses of cases made up the comparison unexposed cohort. SETTING:Ear, nose, and throat clinic in a large metropolitan teaching hospital. SUBJECTS:1429 first degree relatives of 242 index cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck; as controls, 934 first degree relatives of the spouses of 156 index cases. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Relative risk of developing squamous cell carcinoma in first degree relatives of cases compared with risk in first degree relatives of spouses. RESULTS:The adjusted relative risk for developing head and neck cancer if the index case had squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck was 3.79 (95% confidence interval 1.11 to 13.0). There were no significantly increased risks associated with a family history of cancer at other sites. The adjusted relative risk for squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck was 7.89 (1.50 to 41.6) in first degree relatives of patients with multiple primary head and neck tumours. CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that genetic factors are important in the aetiology of head and neck cancer, in particular for patients with multiple primary cancers. Given the prolonged exposure of these subjects to carcinogens, these genetic factors may have a role in modifying carcinogen activity or in host resistance to carcinogens. Inherited factors may be important in persons with environmentally induced cancers.
journal_name
BMJjournal_title
BMJ (Clinical research ed.)authors
Foulkes WD,Brunet JS,Sieh W,Black MJ,Shenouda G,Narod SAdoi
10.1136/bmj.313.7059.716subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-09-21 00:00:00pages
716-21issue
7059eissn
0959-8138issn
1756-1833journal_volume
313pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Objective To improve the selection of patients with acute ischaemic stroke for intra-arterial treatment using a clinical decision tool to predict individual treatment benefit.Design Multivariable regression modelling with data from two randomised controlled clinical trials.Setting 16 hospitals in the Netherlands (deri...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.j1710
更新日期:2017-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::With the aim of promoting the informed choice of pregnant women, staff and pregnant women at two urban hospitals were offered leaflets summarising the best available evidence about the effectiveness of routine ultrasonography in early pregnancy. Ultrasonographers doubted the credibility of the evidence and were concer...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7067.1251a
更新日期:1996-11-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy of five probiotic preparations recommended to parents in the treatment of acute diarrhoea in children. Design Randomised controlled clinical trial in collaboration with family paediatricians over 12 months. SETTING:Primary care. PARTICIPANTS:Children aged 3-36 months visiting a famil...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.39272.581736.55
更新日期:2007-08-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effectiveness of an antenatal service using community based breastfeeding peer support workers on initiation of breast feeding. DESIGN:Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING:Community antenatal clinics in one primary care trust in a multiethnic, deprived population. PARTICIPANTS:66 ante...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.b131
更新日期:2009-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Objective To determine whether educational attainment is a causal risk factor in the development of coronary heart disease.Design Mendelian randomisation study, using genetic data as proxies for education to minimise confounding.Setting The main analysis used genetic data from two large consortia (CARDIoGRAMplusC4D an...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.j3542
更新日期:2017-08-30 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review and critically appraise published and preprint reports of prediction models for diagnosing coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19) in patients with suspected infection, for prognosis of patients with covid-19, and for detecting people in the general population at increased risk of becoming infected with...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.m1328
更新日期:2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare four potential screening strategies, and subsequent interventions, for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes: (a) screening for type 2 diabetes to enable early detection and treatment, (b) screening for type 2 diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance, intervening with lifestyle interventio...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.39545.585289.25
更新日期:2008-05-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the contribution of neuroleptic drugs to cognitive decline in dementia. DESIGN:Two year prospective, longitudinal study consisting of interviews every four months, with necropsy follow up. SETTING:Community settings in Oxfordshire. SUBJECTS:71 subjects with dementia, initially living at home...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7076.266
更新日期:1997-01-25 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine long term outcome in children who had a severe acute neurological illness in early childhood associated with pertussis immunisation. DESIGN:Follow up study of cases and matched controls. SETTING:Assessment of children at home and at school throughout Britain. SUBJECTS:Children recruited into t...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6913.1171
更新日期:1993-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the association between warfarin treatment and longitudinal outcomes after ischemic stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation in community practice. DESIGN:Observational study. SETTING:Hospitals (n = 1487) participating in the Get With The Guidelines (GWTG)-Stroke program in the United States, ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.h3786
更新日期:2015-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between several types of soy products and all cause and cause specific mortality. DESIGN:Population based cohort study. SETTING:Japan Public Health Centre-based Prospective Study, which includes 11 public health centre areas in Japan. PARTICIPANTS:92 915 participants (42 750 ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.m34
更新日期:2020-01-29 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To understand the approaches to learning of practising physicians in their workplace and to assess the relation of these approaches to their motivation for, preferred methods of, and perceived barriers to continuing medical education. DESIGN:Postal survey of 800 Ontario physicians. PARTICIPANTS:373 physici...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.325.7374.1218
更新日期:2002-11-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the effectiveness of manipulative therapy, physiotherapy, treatment by the general practitioner, and placebo therapy in patients with persistent non-specific back and neck complaints. DESIGN:Randomised clinical trial. SETTING:Primary health care in the Netherlands. PATIENTS:256 patients with non...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.304.6827.601
更新日期:1992-03-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the clinical and cost effectiveness of booklet based vestibular rehabilitation with and without telephone support for chronic dizziness, compared with routine care. DESIGN:Single blind, parallel group, pragmatic, randomised controlled trial. SETTING:35 general practices across southern England ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.e2237
更新日期:2012-06-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To quantify the association between stressful life events and exacerbations of multiple sclerosis. DATA SOURCES:PubMed, PsychInfo, and Psychological Abstracts searched for empirical papers from 1965 to February 2003 with terms "stress", "trauma", and "multiple sclerosis". REVIEW METHODS:Three investigators ...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/bmj.38041.724421.55
更新日期:2004-03-27 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the influence of parental age at delivery and birth order on subsequent risk of childhood diabetes. DESIGN:Prospective population based family study. SETTING:Area formerly administered by the Oxford Regional Health Authority. PARTICIPANTS:1375 families in which one child or more had diabetes. O...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.321.7258.420
更新日期:2000-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate strength of associations between risk factors for cardiovascular disease and socioeconomic position during childhood and adulthood. DESIGN:Cross sectional analysis of status of cardiovascular risk factors and past and present social circumstances. SUBJECTS:5645 male participants in the west o...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.313.7070.1434
更新日期:1996-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:PROBLEM:Deep infection after joint arthroplasty can be catastrophic, leading to further surgery, loss of the prosthesis, disability, and risk of mortality. Twenty nine new cases of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus occurred in the first year after elective orthopaedic surgery was centralised to a district gen...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.329.7458.149
更新日期:2004-07-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between cerebral palsy and direct evidence for perinatal exposure to neurotropic viruses. DESIGN:Population based case-control study. SETTING:Adelaide Women's and Children's Hospital Research Laboratory. PARTICIPANTS AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Newborn screening cards of 443 wh...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.38668.616806.3A
更新日期:2006-01-14 00:00:00
abstract::For an unprepared sexually active teenager the 1990s present a minefield of potential problems in addition to the most obvious problems of unplanned pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease. Promoting the importance of a healthy sexual and reproductive life to young people requires openness, better sex education, re...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6957.786
更新日期:1994-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::There is currently much debate about how to improve undergraduate medical education, and in particular on how best to prepare students for clinical responsibility. For 20 years a period of trainee internship has formed part of New Zealand medical students' undergraduate training, and the model could have much to offer...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.308.6925.398
更新日期:1994-02-05 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether inhaled salmeterol, a new long acting inhaled beta adrenergic agonist, reduces nocturnal bronchoconstriction and improves sleep quality in patients with nocturnal asthma. DESIGN:Randomised, double blind, placebo controlled crossover study. SETTING:Hospital outpatient clinics in Edinburg...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.301.6765.1365
更新日期:1990-12-15 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of Stepping Stones, a HIV prevention programme, on incidence of HIV and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) and sexual behaviour. DESIGN:Cluster randomised controlled trial. SETTING:70 villages (clusters) in the Eastern Cape province of South Africa. PARTICIPANTS:1360 men and 1416 women aged...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.a506
更新日期:2008-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether paracetamol (acetaminophen) plus ibuprofen are superior to either drug alone for increasing time without fever and the relief of fever associated discomfort in febrile children managed at home. DESIGN:Individually randomised, blinded, three arm trial. SETTING:Primary care and househol...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.a1302
更新日期:2008-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the role of respiratory viruses in exacerbations of asthma in adults. DESIGN:Longitudinal study of 138 adults with asthma. SETTING:Leicestershire Health Authority. SUBJECTS:48 men and 90 women 19-46 years of age with a mean duration of wheeze of 19.6 years. 75% received regular treatment with bron...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.307.6910.982
更新日期:1993-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of size at birth, maternal nutrition, and body mass index on blood pressure in late adolescence. DESIGN:Population based analysis of birth weight corrected for gestational age, mother's weight before pregnancy and weight gain in pregnancy, obtained from the Jerusalem perinatal study, and...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.315.7106.449
更新日期:1997-08-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the extent of uptake of medication for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in older British men and women before (1998-2001) and after (2003) the implementation of the national service framework. DESIGN:Two population based, longitudinal studies of men and women aged 60-79 in 1998-2001,...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/bmj.38704.770127.BE
更新日期:2006-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the feasibility and effectiveness of a general practice based, proactive system of asthma care in children. DESIGN:Randomised controlled trial with cluster sampling by general practice. SETTING:General practices in the northern region of the Australian Capital Territory. PARTICIPANTS:174 childre...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/bmj.327.7416.659
更新日期:2003-09-20 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the associations between both uric acid levels and hyperuricaemia, with ischaemic heart disease and blood pressure, and to explore the potentially confounding role of body mass index. DESIGN:Mendelian randomisation analysis, using variation at specific genes (SLC2A9 (rs7442295) as an instrument fo...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.f4262
更新日期:2013-07-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the ability of radiographers to identify abnormal radiographs of patients attending accident and emergency departments. DESIGN:Prospective study over six weeks. SETTING:Teaching hospital casualty x ray department. PATIENTS:3394 consecutive patients referred for radiography. INTERVENTIONS:Radiogr...
journal_title:BMJ (Clinical research ed.)
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/bmj.302.6776.568
更新日期:1991-03-09 00:00:00