Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Carbonic anhydrase IX is a member of α-carbonic anhydrases that is preferentially expressed in solid tumors. It enables bicarbonate transport across the plasma membrane, neutralizing intracellular pH and conferring to cancer cells a survival advantage in hypoxic/acidic microenvironments. Overexpression of carbonic anhydrase IX in cancer tissues is regulated by hypoxia inducible factor 1α - mediated transcription and the enzyme is considered a marker of tumor hypoxia and poor outcome. The role of carbonic anhydrase IX in prostate cancer has not been fully clarified and controversy has arisen on whether this enzyme is overexpressed in hypoxic prostate cancer tissues. METHODS:We analyzed the expression of carbonic anhydrase IX and hypoxia inducible factor 1α in two prostate cancer cell lines, LNCaP and PC-3, and in 110 cancer biopsies, by western blotting and immunocyto/histochemistry. RESULTS:In LNCaP and PC-3 cells, carbonic anhydrase IX was mostly cytoplasmic/nuclear, with very limited membrane localization. Nuclear staining became stronger under hypoxia. When we analyzed carbonic anhydrase IX expression in human prostate cancer biopsies, we found that protein staining positively correlated with hypoxia inducible factor 1α and with Gleason pattern and score, as well as with the novel grading system proposed by the International Society of Urological Pathology for prostate cancer. Once more, carbonic anhydrase IX was mainly cytoplasmic in low grade carcinomas, whereas in high grade tumors was strongly expressed in the nucleus of the neoplastic cell. An association between carbonic anhydrase IX expression level and the main clinic-pathological features involved in prostate cancer aggressiveness was identified. CONCLUSIONS:There was a statistically significant association between carbonic anhydrase IX and hypoxia inducible factor 1α in prostate cancer tissues, that identifies the enzyme as a reliable marker of tumor hypoxia. In addition, carbonic anhydrase IX expression positively correlated with prostate cancer grading and staging, and with outcome, suggesting that the protein may be an independent prognosticator for the disease. The nuclear translocation of the enzyme in hypoxic cancer cells may epitomize a biological switch of the tumor towards a less favorable phenotype.
journal_name
Diagn Patholjournal_title
Diagnostic pathologyauthors
Ambrosio MR,Di Serio C,Danza G,Rocca BJ,Ginori A,Prudovsky I,Marchionni N,Del Vecchio MT,Tarantini Fdoi
10.1186/s13000-016-0495-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-25 00:00:00pages
45issue
1issn
1746-1596pii
10.1186/s13000-016-0495-1journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:UNLABELLED:Lung cancer is the leading cause of death among malignant diseases in humans worldwide. In the last decade development of new targeted drugs for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer proved to be a promising approach to prolong the otherwise very poor prognosis of patients with advanced UICC stages. Ep...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-146
更新日期:2012-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In recent years, a battery-powered bone marrow biopsy system was developed and cleared by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to allow health care providers to access the bone marrow space quickly and efficiently. A multicenter randomized clinical trial was designed for adult patients to determine if the p...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-6-23
更新日期:2011-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Complement C4d component deposition in kidney allograft biopsies is an established marker of antibody-mediated rejection. In the Banff 07 classification of renal allograft pathology, semi-quantitative evaluation of the proportion of C4d-positive peritubular capilaries (PTC) is used. We aimed to explore the potential o...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-6-S1-S5
更新日期:2011-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::This review provides a comprehensive overview of the broad clinicopathologic spectrum of cutaneous Kaposi sarcoma (KS) lesions. Variants discussed include: usual KS lesions associated with disease progression (i.e. patch, plaque and nodular stage); morphologic subtypes alluded to in the older literature such as anapla...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-31
更新日期:2008-07-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transbronchial needle aspiration (TBNA) is a minimally invasive procedure performed to diagnose lymph node (LN) adenopathy. TBNA with and without endobronchial ultrasound (EBUS) guidance has a high diagnostic yield for malignant LN enlargement, but the value for diagnosing benign LN enlargement has been less...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-020-00958-4
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the effect of tissue section thickness and consistency--parameters outside the direct control of the imaging devices themselves--on WSI capture speed and image quality. Preliminary data indicates that thinner, more consistent tissue sectioning (such as those produced by automated tissue sectioning ...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-S1-S12
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Primary neoplasms of the mesentery are very rare. They are usually of mesenchymal origin and include desmoid tumor, lipoma, liposarcoma, and fibrosarcoma. Metastatic carcinomas and lymphoma are more common. We report a rare case of localized mesenteric Castleman's disease, presenting as intestinal obstruction. Clinica...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-4-42
更新日期:2009-12-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After introduction of the concept of critical value (CV) in laboratory medicine, some efforts were performed to define possible critical values in surgical pathology. Critical diagnosis (critical value) is a concept recently established in surgical pathology and is a challenging issue among pathologists and ...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-30
更新日期:2008-07-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) protein is a cell-surface receptor on certain lymphocytes that, with its ligand programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1), helps to down-regulate immune responses. Many cancer types express PD-L1 and evade immune recognition via the PD-1/PD-L1 interaction. Precision therapies t...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13000-018-0689-9
更新日期:2018-02-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sinonasal renal cell-like carcinoma (SRCLC) is an extremely rare low malignant tumor arising in the sinonasal tract, with histological mimicry of renal cell carcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION:We present a case of sinonasal renal cell-like carcinoma in a 63-year-old male patient. Computer tomography(CT) scanning r...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s13000-017-0660-1
更新日期:2017-10-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary (GCTs) are sex cord stromal tumors of unpredictable behaviour. Up to now, the prediction of the relapsing/malignant potential remains difficult. CD56 (NCAM) in GCTs was previously described in only two studies. However, the expression of its isoforms was not examined....
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-29
更新日期:2008-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::Cutaneous apocrine carcinoma (AC) is a rare adnexal neoplasm that histologically can mimic breast carcinoma metastatic to the skin or apocrine carcinoma arising in ectopic breast tissue. As extremely rare condition, neuroendocrine differentiation may be observed in AC although its etiology and pathogenesis is still un...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-015-0302-4
更新日期:2015-06-10 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Seven percent of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cases are diagnosed as "unclassified" RCC by morphology. Genetic profiling of RCCs helps define renal tumor subtypes, especially in cases where morphologic diagnosis is inconclusive. This report describes a patient with synchronous clear cell RCC (ccRCC) and a tubu...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-21
更新日期:2012-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE:Metastatic adenocarcinoma from an unknown primary site is a common clinical problem. Determining the cytokeratin (CK) 7/CK20 pattern of tumors is one of the most helpful procedures for this purpose since the CK7-/CK20+ pattern is typical of colorectal adenocarcinomas. CDX2, a critical nuclear trans...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-9
更新日期:2012-01-23 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rapid ("warm") autopsies of patients with advanced metastatic cancer provide important insight into the natural history, pathobiology and histomorphology of disease in treatment-resistant tumors. Plasmacytoid urothelial carcinoma (PUC) is a rare variant of urothelial carcinoma characterized by neoplastic cel...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-019-0896-z
更新日期:2019-10-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the breast represents 0.04-0.5% of malignant lesions of the breast and accounts for 1.7-2.2% of extra-nodal NHL. Most primary cases are of B-cell phenotype and only rare cases are of T-cell phenotype. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare T-cell lymphoma typica...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-4-11
更新日期:2009-04-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The histopathological subtype, nuclear grade and presence or absence of comedonecrosis are established as critical elements in the reporting of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. The aims of this study were to determine the frequencies of morphological subtypes of DCIS, nuclear grade and comedone...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-014-0227-3
更新日期:2014-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::Meningioma, craniopharyngeoma and glioma are mainly intracranial lesions. Nevertheless, in rare cases these entities may occur solely as extracranial lesions that may present as intranasal/sinusoidal masses, with headaches and nasal obstruction. We present three cases of common intracranial tumors, with purely extracr...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-14
更新日期:2008-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) still remains intractable disease with few therapeutic options. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), which is essential for immune evasion, is involved in the pathogenesis of ESCC and thus is a potential therapeutic target. PIK3CA, KRAS, and BRAF mutations, microsatell...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-020-01045-4
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::This research was conducted on ten glass slides selected from the histopathology evaluation chickens. Five slides of control's chickens healthy and five slides of chickens infected experimentally with chicken anemia virus (CAV slide) between one and twenty-one days post infection (PI), they were analyzed in magnificat...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-3-S1-S21
更新日期:2008-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although often associated with holoprosencephaly, little detail of the histopathology of cyclopia is available. Here, we describe the ocular findings in a case of trisomy 13 to better understand the histogenesis of the rosettes, or tubules, characteristic of the retinal dysplasia associated with this conditi...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-2-48
更新日期:2007-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::A transrectal needle biopsy from a 63-year-old man was decided because of a high prostatic specific antigen in the blood, and a hard right lobe in rectal examination. 10 examples were taken from each lobe. In 1 of 4 of the examples from the left lobe, which contained a small focus of adenocarcinoma, numerous eosinophi...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-1-26
更新日期:2006-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High grade basal-like breast carcinomas are triple negative, express basal cytokeratins, and are known for the overall poor prognosis and aggressive behavior. HPV related multiphenotypic sino-nasal carcinoma has overlapping histology with basal-like breast carcinomas, but carry the defining feature of associ...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-020-01050-7
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a known major etiological factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is widely used to detect primary HCC, whereas its sensitivity and specificity are not satisfying. Recently, circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported t...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-015-0369-y
更新日期:2015-07-28 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Cutaneous mast cell tumours (MCTs) are the most common skin tumours in dogs. Due to the prevalence of canine MCTs and the variable biologic behavior of this disease, accurate prognostication and a thorough understanding of MCT biology are critical for the treatment of this disease. A cytologic diagnosis of m...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,收录出版
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-9-9
更新日期:2014-01-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Histologic grade is the most important predictor of the clinical outcome of non-muscle invasive (Ta, T1) papillary urothelial carcinoma (NMIPUCa), but its ambiguous criteria diminish its power to predict recurrence/progression for individual patients. We attempted to find an objective and reproducible histol...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s13000-017-0639-y
更新日期:2017-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mesonephric adenocarcinoma (MNAC) is a rare tumor of the female genital tract, which originates from mesonephric duct remnants. Its diagnosis is pathologically challenging, because MNAC may exhibit a mixture of morphological patterns that complicates the differential diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION:The patient...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-019-0847-8
更新日期:2019-07-03 00:00:00
abstract::Concurrent hematologic malignancies are relatively rare. We encountered a case of concurrent acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and T lymphoblastic lymphoma. The bone marrow chromosome analysis showed the karyotype 46, XY, t(5;12)(q33;p13), which indicated presence of PDGFRB gene translocations. Therefore, this disease belo...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-19
更新日期:2012-02-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Branchial cleft anomalies constitute a frequently encountered and commonly non-lethal disease in otolaryngology, and result from aberrant embryonic development. The third branchial cleft fistula is one of the four known specific types of branchial cleft anomalies, and always presents as recurrent neck absces...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13000-016-0540-0
更新日期:2016-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Two studies recently reported around 10% of EGFR activating mutations in triple negative breast cancers from Asian patients. However, we did not find any EGFR activating mutation in a series of 229 breast tumor samples from European patients. Like in lung cancer, the EGFR mutation profiles seem to be related to the et...
journal_title:Diagnostic pathology
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-13
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00