The Individualised versus the Public Health Approach to Treating Ebola.

abstract：:Leo Sher and colleagues discuss recent research on interventions to prevent secondary suicide and discuss the additional research that is needed. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ganz D,Braquehais MD,Sher L

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) of houses provide effective malaria transmission control. There is conflicting evidence about whether it is more beneficial to provide both interventions in combination. A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted to investigate wheth...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： West PA,Protopopoff N,Wright A,Kivaju Z,Tigererwa R,Mosha FW,Kisinza W,Rowland M,Kleinschmidt I

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to a nutritionally deficient environment during fetal life and early infancy may adversely alter the ontogeny of the immune system and affect an infant's ability to mount an optimal immune response to vaccination. We examined the effects of maternal nutritional supplementation during pregnancy on in...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Okala SG,Darboe MK,Sosseh F,Sonko B,Faye-Joof T,Prentice AM,Moore SE

更新日期：2019-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Attrition during the period from HIV testing to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is high worldwide. We assessed whether same-day HIV testing and ART initiation improves retention and virologic suppression. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We conducted an unblinded, randomized trial of standard ART initiation ver...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Koenig SP,Dorvil N,Dévieux JG,Hedt-Gauthier BL,Riviere C,Faustin M,Lavoile K,Perodin C,Apollon A,Duverger L,McNairy ML,Hennessey KA,Souroutzidis A,Cremieux PY,Severe P,Pape JW

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While many individual genes have been identified that confer protection against malaria, the overall impact of host genetics on malarial risk remains unknown. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We have used pedigree-based genetic variance component analysis to determine the relative contributions of genetic and other fac...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Mackinnon MJ,Mwangi TW,Snow RW,Marsh K,Williams TN

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Electronic medical records provide large-scale real-world clinical data for use in developing clinical decision systems. However, sophisticated methodology and analytical skills are required to handle the large-scale datasets necessary for the optimisation of prediction accuracy. Myopia is a common cause of ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Lin H,Long E,Ding X,Diao H,Chen Z,Liu R,Huang J,Cai J,Xu S,Zhang X,Wang D,Chen K,Yu T,Wu D,Zhao X,Liu Z,Wu X,Jiang Y,Yang X,Cui D,Liu W,Zheng Y,Luo L,Wang H,Chan CC,Morgan IG,He M,Liu Y

更新日期：2018-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Vital registration and cause of death reporting is incomplete in the countries in which the HIV epidemic is most severe. A reliable tool that is independent of HIV status is needed for measuring the frequency of AIDS deaths and ultimately the impact of antiretroviral therapy on mortality. METHODS AND FINDIN...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Lopman BA,Barnabas RV,Boerma JT,Chawira G,Gaitskell K,Harrop T,Mason P,Donnelly CA,Garnett GP,Nyamukapa C,Gregson S

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In recent decades, increased attention has been focused on the impact of disabilities and medicinal drug use on road safety. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between prescription medicines and the risk of road traffic crashes, and estimate the attributable fraction. METHODS AND FINDIN...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Orriols L,Delorme B,Gadegbeku B,Tricotel A,Contrand B,Laumon B,Salmi LR,Lagarde E,CESIR research group.

更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Alexander Tsai and colleagues highlight the complex relationship between poverty and HIV stigma in sub-Saharan Africa, and discuss possible ways to break the cycle. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Tsai AC,Bangsberg DR,Weiser SD

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Puberty is a critical period for bone mass accrual, and late puberty in boys is associated with reduced bone mass in adult men. The role of variations in pubertal timing within the normal range for adult fracture risk in men is, however, unknown. We, therefore, assessed the association between age at peak he...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Vandenput L,Kindblom JM,Bygdell M,Nethander M,Ohlsson C

更新日期：2019-12-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In Botswana, an estimated 24% of adults ages 15-49 years are infected with HIV. While alcohol use is strongly associated with HIV infection in Africa, few population-based studies have characterized the association of alcohol use with specific high-risk sexual behaviors. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We conducted a ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Weiser SD,Leiter K,Heisler M,McFarland W,Percy-de Korte F,DeMonner SM,Tlou S,Phaladze N,Iacopino V,Bangsberg DR

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:WHO recommends prompt diagnosis and quinine plus clindamycin for treatment of uncomplicated malaria in the first trimester and artemisinin-based combination therapies in subsequent trimesters. We undertook a systematic review of women's access to and healthcare provider adherence to WHO case management polic...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hill J,D'Mello-Guyett L,Hoyt J,van Eijk AM,ter Kuile FO,Webster J

更新日期：2014-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence of the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on the risk of ischemic stroke in low- and middle-income countries is limited and inconsistent. We aimed to examine the associations between air pollution and daily hospital admissions for ischemic stroke in China. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We identifie...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Tian Y,Liu H,Zhao Z,Xiang X,Li M,Juan J,Song J,Cao Y,Wang X,Chen L,Wei C,Hu Y,Gao P

更新日期：2018-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Martin Gerdin and colleagues argue that disaster health interventions and decision-making can benefit from an evidence-based approach Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Gerdin M,Clarke M,Allen C,Kayabu B,Summerskill W,Devane D,MacLachlan M,Spiegel P,Ghosh A,Zachariah R,Gupta S,Barbour V,Murray V,von Schreeb J

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:With cesarean section rates increasing worldwide, clarity regarding negative effects is essential. This study aimed to investigate the rate of subsequent stillbirth, miscarriage, and ectopic pregnancy following primary cesarean section, controlling for confounding by indication. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We perf...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： O'Neill SM,Agerbo E,Kenny LC,Henriksen TB,Kearney PM,Greene RA,Mortensen PB,Khashan AS

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with multimorbidities have the greatest healthcare needs and generate the highest expenditure in the health system. There is an increasing focus on identifying specific disease combinations for addressing poor outcomes. Existing research has identified a small number of prevalent "clusters" in the g...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Stokes J,Guthrie B,Mercer SW,Rice N,Sutton M

更新日期：2021-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:TKM-130803, a small interfering RNA lipid nanoparticle product, has been developed for the treatment of Ebola virus disease (EVD), but its efficacy and safety in humans has not been evaluated. METHODS AND FINDINGS:In this single-arm phase 2 trial, adults with laboratory-confirmed EVD received 0.3 mg/kg of T...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Dunning J,Sahr F,Rojek A,Gannon F,Carson G,Idriss B,Massaquoi T,Gandi R,Joseph S,Osman HK,Brooks TJ,Simpson AJ,Goodfellow I,Thorne L,Arias A,Merson L,Castle L,Howell-Jones R,Pardinaz-Solis R,Hope-Gill B,Ferri M,

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:On the 30th anniversary of the Chernobyl disaster, Amina Aitsi-Selmi and Virginia Murray reflect on the importance of disaster preparedness. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Aitsi-Selmi A,Murray V

更新日期：2016-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although gastric cancer has declined dramatically in the US, the disease remains the second leading cause of cancer mortality worldwide. A better understanding of reasons for the decline can provide important insights into effective preventive strategies. We sought to estimate the contribution of risk factor...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Yeh JM,Hur C,Schrag D,Kuntz KM,Ezzati M,Stout N,Ward Z,Goldie SJ

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Nocturnal hypoglycemia frequently occurs in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). It can be fatal and is believed to promote the development of the hypoglycemia-unawareness syndrome. Whether hypoglycemia normally provokes awakening from sleep in individuals who do not have diabetes, and whether this...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Schultes B,Jauch-Chara K,Gais S,Hallschmid M,Reiprich E,Kern W,Oltmanns KM,Peters A,Fehm HL,Born J

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Whole genome sequencing provides better delineation of transmission clusters in Mycobacterium tuberculosis than traditional methods. However, its ability to reveal individual transmission links within clusters is limited. Here, we used a 2-step approach based on Bayesian transmission reconstruction to (1) id...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xu Y,Cancino-Muñoz I,Torres-Puente M,Villamayor LM,Borrás R,Borrás-Máñez M,Bosque M,Camarena JJ,Colomer-Roig E,Colomina J,Escribano I,Esparcia-Rodríguez O,Gil-Brusola A,Gimeno C,Gimeno-Gascón A,Gomila-Sard B,González-Gran

更新日期：2019-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The "fitness" of an infectious pathogen is defined as the ability of the pathogen to survive, reproduce, be transmitted, and cause disease. The fitness of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDRTB) relative to drug-susceptible tuberculosis is cited as one of the most important determinants of MDRTB spread and ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Grandjean L,Gilman RH,Martin L,Soto E,Castro B,Lopez S,Coronel J,Castillo E,Alarcon V,Lopez V,San Miguel A,Quispe N,Asencios L,Dye C,Moore DA

更新日期：2015-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hip and knee replacement are some of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the world. Resurfacing of the hip and unicondylar knee replacement are increasingly being used. There is relatively little evidence on their performance. To study performance of joint replacement in England, we investig...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sibanda N,Copley LP,Lewsey JD,Borroff M,Gregg P,MacGregor AJ,Pickford M,Porter M,Tucker K,van der Meulen JH,Steering Committee of the National Joint Registry (NJR) for England and Wales.

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:At the beginning of June 2020, there were nearly 7 million reported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide and over 400,000 deaths in people with COVID-19. The objective of this study was to determine associations between comorbidities listed in the Charlson comorbidity index and mortality am...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Harrison SL,Fazio-Eynullayeva E,Lane DA,Underhill P,Lip GYH

更新日期：2020-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:HIV self-testing (HIVST) may play a role in addressing gaps in HIV testing coverage and as an entry point for HIV prevention services. We conducted a cluster randomized trial of 2 HIVST distribution mechanisms compared to the standard of care among female sex workers (FSWs) in Zambia. METHODS AND FINDINGS:T...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Chanda MM,Ortblad KF,Mwale M,Chongo S,Kanchele C,Kamungoma N,Fullem A,Dunn C,Barresi LG,Harling G,Bärnighausen T,Oldenburg CE

更新日期：2017-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Harald Schmidt and Anne Barnhill highlight the need to ensure equity in the proposed Sustainable Development Goals. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Schmidt H,Barnhill A

更新日期：2015-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The proteases (secretases) that cleave amyloid-beta (Abeta) peptide from the amyloid precursor protein (APP) have been the focus of considerable investigation in the development of treatments for Alzheimer disease. The prediction has been that reducing Abeta production in the brain, even after the onset of c...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Jankowsky JL,Slunt HH,Gonzales V,Savonenko AV,Wen JC,Jenkins NA,Copeland NG,Younkin LH,Lester HA,Younkin SG,Borchelt DR

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are essential in host defense against pathogens by virtue of their capacity to detect microbes and initiate the immune response. TLR2 is seen as the most important receptor for gram-positive bacteria, while TLR4 is regarded as the gram-negative TLR. Melioidosis is a severe infectio...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Wiersinga WJ,Wieland CW,Dessing MC,Chantratita N,Cheng AC,Limmathurotsakul D,Chierakul W,Leendertse M,Florquin S,de Vos AF,White N,Dondorp AM,Day NP,Peacock SJ,van der Poll T

更新日期：2007-07-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence on where in the hypertension care process individuals are lost to care, and how this varies among states and population groups in a country as large as India, is essential for the design of targeted interventions and to monitor progress. Yet, to our knowledge, there has not yet been a nationally rep...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Prenissl J,Manne-Goehler J,Jaacks LM,Prabhakaran D,Awasthi A,Bischops AC,Atun R,Bärnighausen T,Davies JI,Vollmer S,Geldsetzer P

更新日期：2019-05-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Substantial progress has been made towards the goal of ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic due to advancements in both prevention and treatment of HIV. However, major challenges still remain. We describe basic principles of epidemic control in the context of HIV and identify a number of attainable goals in terms of control a...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Jones J,Sullivan PS,Curran JW

更新日期：2019-01-18 00:00:00