Progress in the HIV epidemic: Identifying goals and measuring success.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Excessive pregnancy weight gain is associated with obesity in the offspring, but this relationship may be confounded by genetic and other shared influences. We aimed to examine the association of pregnancy weight gain with body mass index (BMI) in the offspring, using a within-family design to minimize confo...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ludwig DS,Rouse HL,Currie J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Through major efforts to reduce costs and expand access to antiretroviral therapy worldwide, widespread delivery of effective treatment to people living with HIV/AIDS is now conceivable even in severely resource-constrained settings. However, the potential epidemiologic impact of treatment in the context of ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Salomon JA,Hogan DR,Stover J,Stanecki KA,Walker N,Ghys PD,Schwartländer B

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Policymakers worldwide are considering requiring warnings for sugary drinks. A growing number of experimental studies have examined sugary drink warnings' impacts, but no research to our knowledge has synthesized this literature. To inform ongoing policy debates, this study aimed to identify the effects of s...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Grummon AH,Hall MG

更新日期：2020-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Suboptimal weight gain during pregnancy is a potentially modifiable risk factor. We aimed to investigate the association between suboptimal gestational weight gain and severe adverse birth outcomes by pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) categories, including obesity class I to III. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We c...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ukah UV,Bayrampour H,Sabr Y,Razaz N,Chan WS,Lim KI,Lisonkova S

更新日期：2019-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Trachoma is the world's leading cause of infectious blindness. The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed the SAFE strategy in order to eliminate blindness due to trachoma by 2020 through "surgery," "antibiotics," "facial cleanliness," and "environmental improvement." While the S and A components have ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Stocks ME,Ogden S,Haddad D,Addiss DG,McGuire C,Freeman MC

更新日期：2014-02-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Diarrhea remains a leading cause of mortality among young children in low- and middle-income countries. Although the evidence for individual diarrhea prevention and treatment interventions is solid, the effect a comprehensive scale-up effort would have on diarrhea mortality has not been estimated. METHODS A...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Fischer Walker CL,Friberg IK,Binkin N,Young M,Walker N,Fontaine O,Weissman E,Gupta A,Black RE

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In many European countries, medicines promotion is governed by voluntary codes of practice administered by the pharmaceutical industry under its own system of self-regulation. Involvement of industry organizations in policing promotion has been proposed to deter illicit conduct, but few detailed studies on s...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Zetterqvist AV,Merlo J,Mulinari S

更新日期：2015-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Hannah Leslie and co-authors discuss priorities in individual countries for health system reform. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Thapa G,Jhalani M,García-Saisó S,Malata A,Roder-DeWan S,Leslie HH

更新日期：2019-10-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI) is known to constitute a substantial portion of potentially lethal coronary heart disease. However, the diagnosis of UMI is based on the appearance of incidental Q-waves on 12-lead electrocardiography. Thus, the syndrome of non-Q-wave UMI has not been investigated. De...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kim HW,Klem I,Shah DJ,Wu E,Meyers SN,Parker MA,Crowley AL,Bonow RO,Judd RM,Kim RJ

更新日期：2009-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The optimal regimen for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis is controversial. Use of combination prophylaxis with a beta-lactam plus vancomycin is increasing; however, the relative risks and benefits associated with this strategy are unknown. Thus, we sought to compare postoperative outcomes following ad...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Branch-Elliman W,Ripollone JE,O'Brien WJ,Itani KMF,Schweizer ML,Perencevich E,Strymish J,Gupta K

更新日期：2017-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Gordon C. Smith discusses the study by Katy Kozhimannil and colleagues that examines variations in cesarean section rates in the US and argues for the need for high-quality routine data collection to better understand the reasons for these variations. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Smith GC

更新日期：2014-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:In an Editorial, Ligia Kiss and Cathy Zimmerman discuss the need for research on the prevention of human trafficking and mitigation of its effects. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kiss L,Zimmerman C

更新日期：2019-01-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Research needs to be reported transparently so readers can critically assess the strengths and weaknesses of the design, conduct, and analysis of studies. Reporting guidelines have been developed to inform reporting for a variety of study designs. The objective of this study was to identify whether there is ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Bennett C,Khangura S,Brehaut JC,Graham ID,Moher D,Potter BK,Grimshaw JM

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prognostic models are abundant in the medical literature yet their use in practice seems limited. In this article, the third in the PROGRESS series, the authors review how such models are developed and validated, and then address how prognostic models are assessed for their impact on practice and patient outcomes, ill...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Steyerberg EW,Moons KG,van der Windt DA,Hayden JA,Perel P,Schroter S,Riley RD,Hemingway H,Altman DG,PROGRESS Group.

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many low- and middle-income countries are not on track to reach the public health targets set out in the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). We evaluated whether differential progress towards health MDGs was associated with economic development, public health funding (both overall and as percentage of avail...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Stuckler D,Basu S,McKee M

更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Socioeconomic adversity in early life has been hypothesized to "program" a vulnerable phenotype with exaggerated inflammatory responses, so increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The aim of this study is to test this hypothesis by assessing the extent to which the association between...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Stringhini S,Batty GD,Bovet P,Shipley MJ,Marmot MG,Kumari M,Tabak AG,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chris Beyrer and colleagues reflect on an underappreciated trend in multiple African, Asian, and Caribbean settings, in which the provision of HIV and other essential health services for sexual and gender minorities is expanding despite challenging legal and social environments. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Beyrer C,Makofane K,Orazulike I,Diouf D,Baral SD

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence of the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on the risk of ischemic stroke in low- and middle-income countries is limited and inconsistent. We aimed to examine the associations between air pollution and daily hospital admissions for ischemic stroke in China. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We identifie...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Tian Y,Liu H,Zhao Z,Xiang X,Li M,Juan J,Song J,Cao Y,Wang X,Chen L,Wei C,Hu Y,Gao P

更新日期：2018-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive and lethal disorder characterized by fibroproliferation and excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix in the lung. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Using oligonucleotide arrays, we identified osteopontin as one of the genes that significantly distinguishes IPF f...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Pardo A,Gibson K,Cisneros J,Richards TJ,Yang Y,Becerril C,Yousem S,Herrera I,Ruiz V,Selman M,Kaminski N

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a Perspective, David Peiris and Dorairaj Prabhakaran discuss implications and challenges of cardiovascular disease risk assessments in the population of India. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Peiris D,Prabhakaran D

更新日期：2018-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In common with many other low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), rural to urban migrants in India are at increased risk of obesity, but it is unclear whether this is due to increased energy intake, reduced energy expenditure, or both. Knowing this and the relative contribution of specific dietary and phys...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kinra S,Mallinson PAC,Cresswell JA,Bowen LJ,Lyngdoh T,Prabhakaran D,Reddy KS,Vaz M,Kurpad AV,Davey Smith G,Ben-Shlomo Y,Ebrahim S

更新日期：2020-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) of houses provide effective malaria transmission control. There is conflicting evidence about whether it is more beneficial to provide both interventions in combination. A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted to investigate wheth...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： West PA,Protopopoff N,Wright A,Kivaju Z,Tigererwa R,Mosha FW,Kisinza W,Rowland M,Kleinschmidt I

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Resistance of malaria parasites to chloroquine (CQ) and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is increasing in prevalence in Africa. Combination therapy can both improve treatment and provide important public health benefits if it curbs the spread of parasites harbouring resistance genes. Thus, drug combinations m...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sutherland CJ,Ord R,Dunyo S,Jawara M,Drakeley CJ,Alexander N,Coleman R,Pinder M,Walraven G,Targett GA

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Very-low-birth-weight (VLBW, <1,500 g) infants have compromised bone mass accrual during childhood, but it is unclear whether this results in subnormal peak bone mass and increased risk of impaired skeletal health in adulthood. We hypothesized that VLBW is associated with reduced bone mineral density (BMD) i...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hovi P,Andersson S,Järvenpää AL,Eriksson JG,Strang-Karlsson S,Kajantie E,Mäkitie O

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Outbreaks of emerging infectious diseases, especially those of a global nature, require rapid epidemiological analysis and information dissemination. The final products of those activities usually comprise internal memoranda and briefs within public health authorities and original research published in peer-...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xing W,Hejblum G,Leung GM,Valleron AJ

更新日期：2010-05-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Martin Gerdin and colleagues argue that disaster health interventions and decision-making can benefit from an evidence-based approach Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Gerdin M,Clarke M,Allen C,Kayabu B,Summerskill W,Devane D,MacLachlan M,Spiegel P,Ghosh A,Zachariah R,Gupta S,Barbour V,Murray V,von Schreeb J

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Seven of 15 clinical trial participants treated with a nucleoside analogue (fialuridine [FIAU]) developed acute liver failure. Five treated participants died, and two required a liver transplant. Preclinical toxicology studies in mice, rats, dogs, and primates did not provide any indication that FIAU would b...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xu D,Nishimura T,Nishimura S,Zhang H,Zheng M,Guo YY,Masek M,Michie SA,Glenn J,Peltz G

更新日期：2014-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the involvement of intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity in tumor progression, treatment resistance, and metastasis is established, genetic heterogeneity is seldom examined in clinical trials or practice. Many studies of heterogeneity have had prespecified markers for tumor subpopulations, limiting thei...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Mroz EA,Tward AD,Hammon RJ,Ren Y,Rocco JW

更新日期：2015-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Observational studies suggest that male circumcision may provide protection against HIV-1 infection. A randomized, controlled intervention trial was conducted in a general population of South Africa to test this hypothesis. METHODS AND FINDINGS:A total of 3,274 uncircumcised men, aged 18-24 y, were randomiz...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Auvert B,Taljaard D,Lagarde E,Sobngwi-Tambekou J,Sitta R,Puren A

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Effective implementation strategies are needed to increase engagement in HIV services in hyperendemic settings. We conducted a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in a high-risk, highly mobile fishing community (HIV prevalence: approximately 38%) in Rakai, Uganda, to assess the impact of a community health wo...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Chang LW,Mbabali I,Hutton H,Amico KR,Kong X,Mulamba J,Anok A,Ssekasanvu J,Long A,Thomas AG,Thomas K,Bugos E,Pollard R,van Wickle K,Kennedy CE,Nalugoda F,Serwadda D,Bollinger RC,Quinn TC,Reynolds SJ,Gray RH,Wawer

更新日期：2021-01-06 00:00:00