Abstract:
:Worldwide viral hepatitis is the most common cause of jaundice, chronic liver disease cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. While important advances have been made in prevention of viral hepatitis, therapy of this disease remains unsatisfactory. There are no specific therapies of proven benefit for acute hepatitis, although use of alpha-interferon during the acute phase of hepatitis C may result in a decrease in the rate of chronicity. For chronic viral hepatitis, alpha-interferon has been widely used, but is expensive, poorly tolerated and limited in effectiveness. New antiviral agents and use of combinations of antivirals are now being evaluated and promise to provide a therapy that is effective in the majority of patients. The currently recommended therapy of chronic hepatitis B is a 4- to 6-month course of alpha-interferon in doses of 5-10 million units three times a week; a regimen that results in sustained clearance of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA and hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) from serum in approximately one-third and a loss of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in one-tenth of patients. Long-term follow-up of patients who respond to interferon treatment with clearance of HBeAg indicate that the majority ultimately clear HBsAg as well and have continued remission in the liver disease, although low levels of HBV DNA can commonly be detected in liver tissue. Better therapies of hepatitis B are needed. Recently, several oral 'second-generation' nucleoside analogues have been developed that have potent activity against HBV. The best studied is lamivudine (3-thiacytidine) which results in marked inhibition of HBV DNA levels and improvement in serum aminotransferases and hepatic histology in the majority of patients. When stopped, however, most patients relapse and the shortcomings of long-term therapy have been the development of viral resistance in up to one-quarter of patients within a year and a higher percentage with more prolonged therapy. Future approaches of therapy of promise for hepatitis B are combinations of lamivudine with interferon and other antiviral nucleoside analogues. The currently recommended therapy of chronic hepatitis C is a 12- to 18-month course of alpha interferon in doses of 3 million units three times a week: a regimen that results in sustained clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in approximately 20% of patients. Sustained responses have been associated with marked improvements in hepatic histology and long-term studies indicate that the majority of patients remain free of virus in serum and liver, suggesting a 'cure' of infection. Responses to interferon correlate to some degree with clinical and virological features, including young age, absence of hepatic fibrosis, low levels of HCV RNA in serum and HCV genotypes 2 and 3. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED)
journal_name
Digestionjournal_title
Digestionauthors
Hoofnagle JHdoi
10.1159/000007532subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-08-01 00:00:00pages
563-78issue
5eissn
0012-2823issn
1421-9867pii
dig59563journal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
DIGESTION文献大全abstract::Recent studies have been reviewed to establish the possible importance of the interaction between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastric acid secretion. H. pylori infection results in increased gastrin release, but this does not lead to gastric acid hypersecretion and gastrin normalizes after eradication of the inf...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000200908
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 14C-triolein breath test was carried out on 49 subjects suffering from chronic pancreatitis or from other digestive diseases, and its results were compared with the daily fecal fat excretion. The 14CO2 peak excretion was abnormal in all the subjects with a fecal fat excretion above 14 g/day, whereas individual value...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199015
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This work describes a new preparation of dog pancreatic acini which were used to study amylase release in response to various secretagogues. Neither secretin nor vasoactive intestinal peptide stimulated amylase release from acini. Caerulein, carbachol and human synthetic gastrin G17 stimulated amylase release with the...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000198570
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Only the depth of submucosal invasion can be estimated prior to determining the indications for endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) as a curative treatment for colorectal carcinoma (CRC). Here we evaluated the outcomes of ESD for clinical T1 CRCs. METHODS:Of 660 patients who underwent ESD for CRC at...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000368866
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method of obtaining linear plots of protein-flow data from human pancreatic ductal secretions is described. The protein concentration in pancreatic secretions, when related to flow rates in two individuals, gave similar regression lines, with the correlation coefficients or r = -0.97 and -0.98, respectively, and slo...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000197922
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) following insertion of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a problem in some patients. In contrast to overt HE, minimal HE (MHE) following TIPS is studied to a limited degree only. We therefore evaluated the incidence of MHE in patients following TIPS i...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000288522
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leptin, a product of the ob gene controlling food intake, has recently been detected in the stomach and shown to be released by cholecystokinin (CCK) and to induce gastroprotection against various noxious agents, but it is not known whether centrally applied leptin influences gastric secretion and mucosal in...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000007805
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pancreatic exocrine secretory response to increasing doses of exogenous caerulein with and without a background infusion of secretin was studied in 5 healthy volunteers. Caerulein over a full range of doses (2.3-37 pmol/kg/h) produced increasing enzyme secretion up to 18.5 pmol/kg/h, whereas 37 pmol/kg/h was clear...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199357
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly aggressive malignancy with a median 5-year survival of <8%. At the time of diagnosis, a vast majority of pancreatic cancer patients were found to be with either metastatic spread of the disease or locally advanced tumors. Despite relatively low efficacy, ge...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000447739
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Evaluation of the response of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms to treatment would be facilitated by a brief, valid, reliable and responsive, self-assessed GERD-sensitive scale. We therefore developed the Reflux Questionnaire (ReQuest). This publication describes the psychometric evaluatio...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000079708
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diamine oxidase (DAO) is an enzyme located almost exclusively in the villus tip enterocytes of mammals. Its plasma activity, normally very low, is enhanced by intravenous heparin that releases the enzyme from the enterocytes into the blood. Postheparin plasma DAO (PHD) values have been shown to be significantly reduce...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199731
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis represent distinct phenotypic forms of inflammatory bowel disease and continue to be a common cause of morbidity. The corticosteroids and the immunomodulatory drugs, which are the basis of treatment for the inflammatory bowel diseases, do not assure always satisfactory outcomes. ...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000323456
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Electrophoretic studies of inactive ductal pancreatic secretions, collected on five successive days following operation, demonstrated up to 18 protein bands. Comparison of the densitometric scans on the first and fourth days was as follows: the patterns from different individuals appeared similar during the periods of...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000197936
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1905, John Edkins (1863-1940) undertook the studies of gastrin that have subsequently formed the basis for a century of investigation into the physiological basis of acid secretion and led to the elucidation of a variety of acid-suppressive pharmacological agents that have revolutionized the management of acid pept...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000088368
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::D-Galactosamine administration to rats (400 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection induced biochemical alterations in liver plasma membranes. Alterations were studied 4, 16 and 24 h after D-galactosamine injection. Plasma membrane 5'-mononucleotidase activity decreased to 40% of control values. Carbohydrate composition w...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000198373
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The intestinal phase of enterohepatic circulation, such as site and state of bile acid absorption, along the length of the intestinal tract has been speculated but not directly quantitated. In order to gain insight into the actual state of intestinal absorption of bile acid, the bile acid composition of portal blood f...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199790
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::2 cases of pancreatic disease in patients with malabsorption following small bowel radiation injury are reported. It is suggested that the pancreatic disease present in these patients occurred as a result of previous radiotherapy. ...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000198334
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Few prospective population-based studies have been carried out on the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In a population-based study of pediatric IBD in southeastern Norway, patients <16 years at the time of diagnosis were followed up prospectively. The study reports on changes in diagnosis and c...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000082893
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basal (interdigestive) gastrointestinal motor activity and the interdigestive gastric acid and pancreatic amylase secretion were determined in 10 young smokers (mean age 23 years) and 7 nonsmokers (mean age 26 years). There was no significant difference in the length of the interdigestive motor complex between smo...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199018
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Westernization, above all associated changes in diet, has been postulated to be one of the most important factors contributing to the increasing incidence in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), consisting mainly of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. SUMMARY:Diet represents a crucially important and intui...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000505368
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::94 patients with peptic ulcerations of duodenum, stomach, and esophagus, who did not respond to 3 or more months high-dose (450 or 600 mg) treatment with ranitidine, were treated orally with 40 mg omeprazole daily. After healing all patients were offered long-term maintenance therapy with the same dose for 5 years. In...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199610
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical relevance of cispride's stimulating effects on lower oesophageal motility was studied in 19 patients with documented (endoscopy, biopsy) grade II or III oesophagitis. Patients were treated for 8 or 16 weeks (depending essentially on whether the result was cure or failure) with 10 mg of cisapride four time...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1159/000200231
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:Several studies performed in Western countries demonstrate the association between sleep dysfunction and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), especially when nighttime heartburn is present. The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of sleep dysfunction, and the effec...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000253849
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In rats we studied the effects of lactoferrin on experimental acute pancreatitis caused by a single subcutaneous injection of 100 micrograms/kg body weight of caerulein. Lactoferrin isolated from human milk was given intraperitoneally to rats immediately after the injection of caerulein. The injection of 100 mg/kg bod...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000201018
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe a patient with relapses of Clostridium difficile cytotoxin-positive pseudomembranous colitis (PMC) after treatment with vancomycin, a course of metronidazole and a trial of bacitracin. She remains free of disease after a prolonged course of cholestyramine. We suggest there may be a role for anion-exchange ...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000199299
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) of early esophageal cancer (EC) is becoming more widespread. Post-ESD coagulation syndrome (CS) has been proposed as temporary inflammatory signs that occur during the post-ESD period caused by transmural thermal injury by electrocoagulation. This retrospective study ai...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000510353
更新日期:2020-10-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:There are many reports of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients with increased carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). However, there is little information about carotid IMT in alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) patients. We aimed to compare the carotid IMT of NAFLD patients and AFLD patien...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000326854
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leukocytapheresis has recently been used to induce remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) who fail to respond to corticosteroids. We could not find a report in the literature on leukocytapheresis for UC with gestational exacerbation. We have recently encountered this unique condition and report the details...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000095478
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) in western countries is rising. In the palliative setting, chemotherapy is the only established treatment. The evidence for other treatments including locoregional therapy is low. However, such individual treatments are offered in a real-world setting. The aim of this st...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1159/000500894
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Transition-related healthcare intervention has recently been receiving worldwide attention. Given the increasing incidence of pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and its lifelong impact, transitional care has become an important issue. In Japan, guidelines to support the autonomy of IBD patients durin...
journal_title:Digestion
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1159/000510652
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00