Abstract:
:AF3 (AVPGVLRFamide) is an endogenous RFamide-like peptide isolated from the parasitic nematode Ascaris suum. It has a potent and long lasting excitatory effect in A. suum and Ascaridia galli. This is mediated by a mechanism independent of the nicotinic-like acetylcholine (ACh) receptor, which mediates excitatory transmission at the neuromuscular junction of both nematodes. In addition, AF3 has been found to sensitise A. suum muscle to the contractile effect of ACh. In this study, the involvement of the second messenger cAMP in mediating the action of AF3 on the somatic musculature of A. suum and A. galli has been investigated. Two approaches have been used; the effects of drugs which raise intracellular cAMP levels on the contractile responses to AF3 have been examined and biochemical assays have been used to measure the effects of AF3 on cAMP levels. AF3 contractions were inhibited in A. suum by 10 microM forskolin (by 22% of control; P < 0.05; n = 9) and by 500 microM isobutylmethylxanthine (IBMX, by 27% of control; P < 0.001; n = 6). AF3 decreased cAMP concentrations in A. suum somatic muscle (basal, 1721 +/- 134 pmol mg-1 protein; with 1 microM AF3, 1148 +/- 133 pmol mg-1 protein; P < 0.05, n = 5). AF3 (1 microM) also reduced the 10 microM forskolin induced potentiation of cAMP concentrations in A. suum (forskolin 3242 +/- 471 pmol mg-1 protein; forskolin and AF3, 1524 +/- 143 pmol mg-1 protein; P < 0.001, n = 6) and A. galli (forskolin 291 +/- 32 pmol mg-1 protein, forskolin +AF3, 185 +/- 12 pmol mg-1 protein; P < 0.005, n = 5). These data suggest that in both nematodes the contractile effect of AF3 is, at least in part, regulated by cAMP.
journal_name
Mol Biochem Parasitoljournal_title
Molecular and biochemical parasitologyauthors
Trim N,Brooman JE,Holden-Dye L,Walker RJdoi
10.1016/s0166-6851(98)00039-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-06-01 00:00:00pages
263-71issue
2eissn
0166-6851issn
1872-9428pii
S0166-6851(98)00039-5journal_volume
93pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We studied the substrate specificity requirements of recombinant cysteine peptidases from Plasmodium falciparum, falcipain-2 (FP-2) and falcipain-3 (FP-3), using fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) peptides as substrates. Systematic modifications were introduced in the lead sequence Abz-KLRSSKQ-EDDnp (Abz=or...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2013.01.002
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::While genes encoding antigens and other highly polymorphic proteins are commonly found in subtelomeres, it is unusual to find a small family of housekeeping genes in these regions. We found that in the species Plasmodium falciparum only, a non-subtelomeric acyl-CoA synthetase (ACS) gene has expanded into a family of d...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2006.06.004
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Giardia lamblia is an early diverging eukaryote which causes gastrointestinal disease throughout the world. Different subgroups of Giardia have been defined based on several biochemical and genetic criteria. We have developed a method for stably introducing DNA into the nuclei of the parasite using puromycin acetyltra...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00225-9
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study on isolated cercarial bodies demonstrates that the biological transformation from cercaria to schistosomulum and the biochemical transition from an aerobic to an anaerobic energy metabolism are separate processes, which are not necessarily linked. The metabolic transition depends on the external glucose con...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(92)90202-u
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::RAB proteins are small GTPases with vital roles in eukaryotic intracellular transport; orthologous RABs appear to fulfil similar functions in diverse organisms. Trypanosoma brucei spp., the causative organisms of Old World trypanosomiasis of humans and domestic animals, have extremely effective endocytic and exocytic ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.01.017
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays a key role in postsynaptic transmission in most animals. Nematodes encode multiple AChEs, implying its functional diversity. To explore physiological functions of multiple AChEs, three distinct AChEs (BxACE-1, BxACE-2, and BxACE-3) were identified and characterized from the pinewood n...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.11.005
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nucleotide sequence of a gene encoding a 35-kDa thiol protease of the parasitic nematode Haemonchus contortus has been determined. The gene, designated AC-2, shares 97% nucleotide sequence identity and 98% amino acid identity with previously characterized AC-1 cDNAs encoding the thiol protease. The AC-2 gene spans...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(90)90143-a
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated and characterized a gene encoding a novel GTP-binding protein of the GTPase superfamily in the filarial parasites Brugia malayi and Onchocerca volvulus. The deduced amino acid sequence of the cloned molecule has approximately 30% overall homology to ras proteins and approximately 90% homology to the '...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(92)90175-j
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have initiated a project to characterize telomere-associated proteins of Cryptosporidium parvum. Searching public databases with C. parvum expressed sequence tag (EST) sequences revealed one EST sequence that is highly similar to Gbp1p of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (Cr Gbp1p), a protein that binds single-stranded te...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.01.013
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The capacity for rapid localization of epitope-tagged or fluorescent fusion proteins in cells is an important tool for biological discovery and functional analysis. For Trypanosoma cruzi, the protozoan parasite that causes human Chagas disease, visualization of ectopically-expressed proteins in the clinically-relevant...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2015.02.001
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly all mitochondrial RNA polymerase genes identified to date are encoded in the nucleus and have similarities to T3 and T7 bacteriophage RNA polymerases. Some chloroplast genes are also transcribed by T3/T7 phage-like RNA polymerases, raising the possibility that the apicomplexan parasites, which have both a mitoc...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(01)00223-7
更新日期:2001-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::The intraerythrocytic malaria parasite digests considerable amounts of its host cell cytosol, which consists mostly of hemoglobin. In order to avert the toxicity of ferriprotorphyrin IX (FP) thus produced, it is generally accepted that FP is polymerized to the non-toxic hemozoin. Investigating the fate of FP in cultur...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00008-0
更新日期:1999-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of virus-derived RNA was investigated in 38 axenically growing Giardia isolates from different geographic areas. The RNA virus was demonstrated in Giardia strains from humans in the U.S.A., England and the majority of strains from Poland. Two strains isolated respectively from a cat and a cavia also conta...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(87)90190-3
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomic structure has been determined for a gene encoding a host-protective antigen of the parasitic platyhelminth Taenia ovis. An incomplete cDNA, known as 45W, encodes the protective antigen. Southern hybridisation experiments using 45W cDNA as a probe, revealed that the 45W gene was a member of a multigene family. ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(94)00104-u
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Repetitive DNA sequences of the Leishmania donovani genome have been identified by screening a recombinant DNA library made by cloning sheared genomic DNA into the vector pAT153. Bacterial clones containing a highly repetitive DNA sequence have been isolated. DNA sequencing has shown that this sequence is composed of ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(88)90114-4
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmodium LCCL proteins comprise a family of six proteins that function as a protein complex and have essential roles in sporozoite transmission. In Plasmodium berghei, family members PbLAP1, PbLAP2 and PbLAP3 have been shown to be expressed in gametocytes and, following gametogenesis and fertilization, to be targete...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2013.04.006
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmepsins (PM), aspartic proteases of Plasmodium, comprises a family of ten proteins that perform critical functions in Plasmodium life cycle. Except VII and VIII, functions of the remaining plasmepsin members have been well characterized. Here, we have generated a mutant parasite lacking PM VII in Plasmodium berghe...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.05.004
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the rapid spread of drug-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum, the development of new antimalarials is an urgent need. As malaria parasites live in a highly pro-oxidant environment, their anti-oxidant defences have frequently been suggested as candidate drug targets. A key point in such defences is the prod...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.04.002
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cyclophilins are a large family of proteins implicated in folding, transport and regulation of other proteins and are potential drug targets in cancer and in some viral and parasitic infections. The functionality of cyclophilins appears to depend on peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (foldase) and/or molecular ch...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.04.006
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many of the currently available nematicides used in nematode control are hazardous to the user, environment and beneficial non-target organisms. Therefore the need to develop alternative methods for nematode control such as the development of nematode-resistant crops through RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) holds grea...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.09.009
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycosomes are peroxisome-like organelles present in trypanosomatid pathogens. These organelles compartmentalize glycolysis, among other reactions, and are essential in both bloodstream and procyclic form Trypanosoma brucei. Peroxins (PEXs) are proteins necessary for biogenesis of peroxisomes and glycosomes. In each a...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.03.008
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An immunodominant 72-kDa surface glycoprotein (Gp72) of Trypanosoma cruzi is involved in adhesion of the flagellum to the cell body (Cooper, R, Ribeiro de Jesus, A and Cross, G.A.M (1993) J. Cell Biol. 122, 149-156). We have characterized a gene, flagellum-adhesion glycoprotein genel (fla1), from Trypanosoma brucei th...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(96)02741-7
更新日期:1996-11-25 00:00:00
abstract::Cloned DNA fragments of the ribosomal RNA gene of Schistosoma mansoni hybridise strongly to Echinococcus DNA following restriction endonuclease and Southern transfer analysis. Individuals within a strain of E. granulosus exhibit identical patterns of hybridisation. However, the hybridisation patterns show significant ...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(85)90016-7
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Schistosomiasis remains a largely neglected, global health problem. The morbid pathology of the disease stems from the host's inflammatory response to parasite eggs trapped in host tissues. Long term host/parasite survival is dependent upon the successful modulation of the acute pathological response, which is induced...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.06.002
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfated glycosphingolipids are present on the surface of a variety of cells. They are active participants in adhesion processes in many systems and appear to be involved in the regulation of cell proliferation, differentiation and other developmental cellular events. However, the body of knowledge about synthesis, st...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.03.014
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clones of the rRNA genes of Ostertagia ostertagi were selected from a library prepared from the genomic DNA of adult worms of strain LA-2. A 13.4-kb insert in a clone, lambda OOR78, is comprised of one complete 7.5-kb rDNA unit and portions of two adjacent units. The rDNA unit is directly repeated in a head-to-tail fa...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(91)90095-n
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibodies raised against a Leishmania major recombinant promastigote surface antigen 2 (PSA-2) fragment recognized three major polypeptides of approximate M(r) 96,000, 80,000 and 50,000 in promastigotes of three Israeli isolates of L. major including the cloned line LRC-L137-V121, but detected a different array of po...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(94)90100-7
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study further explores the effects of hypoxia and acute osmotic stress on intermediary metabolism of Leishmania major and Leishmania donovani. Late log phase promastigotes were washed and incubated with glucose as the sole exogenous carbon source, and rates of glucose consumption and product formation were measur...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(92)90217-8
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paramyosin of Clonorchis sinensis (CsPmy) is a myofibrillar protein localized in subtegumental muscle, tegument, and the muscle layer surrounding the intestine of the parasite. Previously, we have identified that CsPmy reacted with sera of human clonorchiasis and this protein had a potential as a candidate antigen for...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.molbiopara.2015.06.004
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surface membrane proteins of viable merozoites of Plasmodium chabaudi were iodinated by the Iodogen method and analysed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Thirteen surface membrane proteins ranging from 22 to 270 kDa were thus identified. Most of these proteins could be immunoprecipitated by...
journal_title:Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0166-6851(84)90014-8
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00