Abstract：
:Trypanosoma brucei is a unicellular parasite that is transmitted from one mammalian host to the next by tsetse flies. The expression of many trypanosome genes is regulated during the life cycle but there is no evidence for developmental control of transcription by RNA polymerase II. T. brucei expresses at least two hexose transporter mRNAs that are developmentally regulated; we show here that specific portions of the 3'-untranslated regions are responsible for the differential expression. Different trypanosome 3'-untranslated regions, from surface protein, phosphoglycerate kinase and aldolase genes as well as the hexose transporter genes, conferred a spectrum of levels of reporter gene expression, and these activities differed between bloodstream forms and the procyclic forms that replicate in the tsetse vector. Experiments with permanently transformed cell lines showed that regulation occurs at the mRNA level. The results suggest that post-transcriptional control of mRNAs in trypanosomatids operates at several levels, and that it will not always be possible to attribute all the regulation to short RNA motifs.
journal_name
Mol Biochem Parasitoljournal_title
Molecular and biochemical parasitologyauthors
Hotz HR,Lorenz P,Fischer R,Krieger S,Clayton Cdoi
10.1016/0166-6851(95)02503-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-12-01 00:00:00pages
1-14issue
1eissn
0166-6851issn
1872-9428pii
0166685195025030journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Leishmania parasites cycle between the alimentary tract of a sandfly vector as free-living promastigotes and the acidified phagolysosomes of the vertebrate host macrophage as aflagellated amastigotes. The differentiation process can be mimicked in host-free culture by switching promastigotes (e.g. 25 degrees C, neutra...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2008.12.012
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Variation of Babesia bovis merozoite surface antigens occurs among geographic strains of the parasite. In this and a concurrent report, we investigate this variation at the gene and protein level. Using a monoclonal antibody (mAb 23/70.174), B. bovis gene sequences were identified that encoded a surface epitope of a 4...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(92)90128-7
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An expression vector was constructed to express foreign genes in Trypanosoma congolense. The foreign gene and a neomycin phosphotransferase (NPT) gene are flanked by glutamate and alanine rich protein (GARP) gene processing signals and their expression is driven by a ribosomal RNA gene promoter. The plasmid is not mai...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00136-x
更新日期：1999-10-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The merozoite of Plasmodium vivax possesses a high molecular mass surface protein called Pv-merozoite surface protein 1, PvMSP-1, which exhibits antigenic diversity among isolates. In this study, the extent of sequence variation in the polymorphic region and the flanking interspecies conserved blocks (ICBs) 5 and 6 of...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(96)02786-7
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During intracellular development of the malarial parasite numerous membranous vesicles appear in the infected erythrocyte cytoplasm between the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM) and the erythrocyte plasma membrane. In this study we describe the characterization of a monoclonal antibody which recognizes two major...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00206-5
更新日期：1998-03-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase A, PKA) is a key element in many cell signaling pathways. An essential role of Plasmodium falciparum PKA (PfPKA) activity was reported in the intraerythrocytic growth of the malaria parasite. However, molecular characterization of PfPKA using purified recombinant pro...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2008.03.011
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A mild surface-labeling procedure was applied to various developmental stages of Schistosoma mansoni. An 18 kDa protein was preferentially labeled in freshly transformed schistosomula. The labeled protein was equally present on skin-penetrated and mechanically prepared schistosomula and it disappeared upon digestion o...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(86)90050-2
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for the membrane of live Trypanosoma cruzi have been obtained from BALB/c infected mice. Most of them had greater avidity for intact than for disrupted parasites. According to the staining by indirect immunofluorescence of the different live developmental stages of the pa...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(88)90073-4
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamate-cysteine ligase (GCL) is a heterodimer enzyme composed of a catalytic subunit (GCLC) and a modifier subunit (GCLM). This enzyme catalyses the synthesis of γ-glutamylcysteine, a precursor of glutathione. cDNAs of the putative glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic (Ace-GCLC) and modifier subunits (Ace-GCLM) of A...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2014.07.003
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The FMRFamide-related peptides (FaRPs), KHEYLRFamide (AF2) and KSAYMRFamide (PF3) were structurally characterised from the parasitic nematode of sheep, Haemonchus contortus (MH isolate). Both peptides were sequenced in a single gas-phase sequencing run and their structure confirmed by mass spectrometry which identifie...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(99)00057-2
更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The ADHE family of enzymes are bifunctional acetaldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)/alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) enzymes that probably arose from the fusion of genes encoding separate ALDH and ADH enzymes. Here we have used the Entamoeba histolytica alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (EhADH2) enzyme as a prototype to analyze the struct...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2004.06.002
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apicomplexan parasites utilize a peripheral membrane system called the inner membrane complex (IMC) to facilitate host cell invasion and parasite replication. We recently identified a novel family of Toxoplasma IMC Sub-compartment Proteins (ISP1/2/3) that localize to sub-domains of the IMC using a targeting mechanism ...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.05.002
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Helminths are masterful immunoregulators. A characteristic feature of helminth infection is a Th2-dominated immune response, but stimulation of immunoregulatory cell populations, such as regulatory T cells and alternatively activated macrophages, is equally common. Typically, Th1/17 immunity is blocked and productive ...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2009.04.008
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-transcriptional regulation is a key feature controlling gene expression in the protozoan parasite Leishmania. The nine-nucleotide paraflagellar rod regulatory element (PRE) in the 3'UTR of Leishmania mexicana PFR2 is both necessary and sufficient for the observed 10-fold higher level of PFR2 mRNA in promastigotes...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.10.001
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A Trypanosoma cruzi genomic expression library was screened with a pool of sera obtained from chronic chagasic patients. The recombinant antigen (Tc40) isolated from this library reacted with a large number of serum samples of chronic chagasic patients, suggesting that the presence of anti-Tc40 antibodies may be speci...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(97)00068-6
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many of the currently available nematicides used in nematode control are hazardous to the user, environment and beneficial non-target organisms. Therefore the need to develop alternative methods for nematode control such as the development of nematode-resistant crops through RNA-mediated interference (RNAi) holds grea...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2012.09.009
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A Plasmodium falciparum gene closely linked to the chloroquine resistance locus encodes PfCG2, a predicted 320-330kDa protein. In the parasitized erythrocyte, PfCG2 expression rises sharply in the trophozoite stage and is detected in electron-dense patches along the parasitophorous vacuolar membrane (PVM), in the cyto...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.07.009
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RAB proteins are small GTPases with vital roles in eukaryotic intracellular transport; orthologous RABs appear to fulfil similar functions in diverse organisms. Trypanosoma brucei spp., the causative organisms of Old World trypanosomiasis of humans and domestic animals, have extremely effective endocytic and exocytic ...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.01.017
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria transmission occurs during a blood-meal of an infected Anopheles mosquito. Visualization and quantification of sporozoites along the journey from the mosquito midgut, where they develop, to the vertebrate liver, their final target organ, is important for understanding many aspects of sporozoite biology. Here w...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2005.10.015
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Given the growing appreciation of serious health sequelae from widespread Trichomonas vaginalis infection, new tools are needed to study the parasite's genetic diversity. To this end we have identified and characterized a panel of 21 microsatellites and six single-copy genes from the T. vaginalis genome, using seven l...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.08.006
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Topoisomerases are enzymes that participate in many cellular functions involving topological manipulation of DNA strands. There are two types of topoisomerases in the cell: (a) type I topoisomerases; and (b) type II topoisomerases (topo II). Previously we have cloned and sequenced the gene encoding Trypanosoma cruzi t...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(98)00066-8
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A gene encoding the small subunit rRNA (SSUrRNA) has been isolated from the human parasite, Plasmodium malariae. The gene has been sequenced. It contains conserved and variable regions which conform to patterns established for other eukaryotic SSUrRNA genes. Comparisons with other SSUrRNA genes from Plasmodium species...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(91)90096-o
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Actin-related proteins (Arps) constitute a family of eukaryotic cytoskeletal proteins involved in such diverse events as cell motility, cytokinesis, vesicle transport, and chromatin remodelling. Previously, in a study of Plasmodium berghei gene expression in ookinetes and oocysts, we detected stage-specific increased ...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2010.05.008
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both the alpha- and beta-tubulin genes of Leishmania enriettii are encoded by mRNA of 2.0-2.2 kb in length. We have shown previously that the alpha- and beta-tubulin genes are arranged in separate, tandem repeats of 2 and 4 kb, respectively, and now report the mapping of mature mRNA onto these cloned genes. Here we sh...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(85)90029-5
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two dimensional electrophoresis has been used to examine protein variation in clones of two Plasmodium falciparum isolates. Variant forms of 12 proteins were detected. Five genetically distinct parasite types were identified in one isolate, and two in the second isolate. Examination of uncloned parasites using this te...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(85)90085-4
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trypanosoma brucei survives in mammals by antigenic variation of its surface coat consisting of variant surface glycoprotein (VSG). Trypanosomes change coat mainly by replacing the transcribed VSG genes in an active telomeric expression site by a different VSG gene. There are about 20 different expression sites and tr...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(01)00243-2
更新日期：2001-04-25 00:00:00
abstract：:We have compared a total of 44 recognition sites for 12 restriction endonucleases on the 20 kilobase pair maxi-circle of kinetoplast DNA from nine Trypanosoma brucei stocks, four which are known to be infective to man (tow 'gambiense' and two 'rhodesiense' variants). In addition to five polymorphic sites, these DNAs d...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(81)90011-6
更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Leishmania GP63 major surface protein gene family encodes multiple isoforms which differ predominantly in the carboxyterminal region. We have isolated 4 full-length gp63 cDNA clones derived from stationary-phase promastigote RNA of a cloned isolate of Leishmania guyanensis, a member of the braziliensis complex. Th...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0166-6851(93)90107-9
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Paramyosin of Clonorchis sinensis (CsPmy) is a myofibrillar protein localized in subtegumental muscle, tegument, and the muscle layer surrounding the intestine of the parasite. Previously, we have identified that CsPmy reacted with sera of human clonorchiasis and this protein had a potential as a candidate antigen for...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.molbiopara.2015.06.004
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reduction in hemozoin content is a well known feature of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium berghei. Using NK65-derived lines displaying increasing resistance levels, we observed an inverse relationship between the hemozoin content, and the glutathione (GSH) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) levels. Treatment of h...
journal_title：Molecular and biochemical parasitology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0166-6851(98)00170-4
更新日期：1999-01-25 00:00:00
