Discovery of a novel superpotent and selective melanocortin-4 receptor antagonist (HS024): evaluation in vitro and in vivo.

abstract：:Evidence is presented that in vitamin D deficiency there are aberrations of estrogen metabolism in the laying hen. Five White Leghorn hens, 35 weeks of age, all laying soft shelled eggs as a result of complete withdrawal of supplemental vitamin D3 (D3) from the diet, were found to have a 3-fold higher molar ratio of p...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Tsang CP,Grunder AA

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We recently described a novel GnRH receptor signaling pathway mediated by the prostaglandins (PGs) F(2alpha) and PGI(2), which acts through an autocrine/paracrine modality to limit autoregulation of the GnRH receptor and inhibit LH but not FSH release. Here we further explore the cross talk between GnRH and the PG rec...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Naidich M,Shterntal B,Furman R,Pawson AJ,Jabbour HN,Morgan K,Millar RP,Jia J,Tomic M,Stojilkovic S,Stern N,Naor Z

更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of rats to microsomal enzyme inducers perturbs thyroid hormone (TH) homeostasis through a variety of mechanisms. Glucuronidation is an important metabolic pathway for TH and is catalyzed by uridine diphosphate-dibenzo-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family proteins. Administration of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Emi Y,Ikushiro S,Kato Y

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal fetal preoptic area (POA), a site of GnRH production, was implanted into the third ventricle of adult female hypogonadal (hpg) mice. When the grafts were successful, the mice (genetically deficient in hypothalamic GnRH) responded with vaginal opening, cornified vaginal cells, ovarian and uterine development, an...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Gibson MJ,Charlton HM,Perlow MJ,Zimmerman EA,Davies TF,Krieger DT

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Osteocalcin (OC) is one of the abundant non-collagenous bone matrix proteins produced exclusively by osteoblasts, and its serum level is used as an indicator of bone metabolism in patients. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta) is abundant in bones and platelets, promotes wound healing in vivo, and is a potent st...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Noda M

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Abnormally high GH/IGF-I levels, most often caused by adenomas arising from pituitary somatotrophs, generate deleterious effects. We recently described a targeted secretion inhibitor (SXN101742) comprising a GHRH domain and the endopeptidase domain of botulinum toxin serotype D (GHRH-light chain endopeptidase type D d...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Somm E,Bonnet N,Zizzari P,Tolle V,Toulotte A,Jones R,Epelbaum J,Martinez A,Hüppi PS,Aubert ML

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucocorticoids and their synthetic derivatives are known to alter cardiac function in vivo; however, the nature of these effects and whether glucocorticoids act directly on cardiomyocytes are poorly understood. To explore the role of glucocorticoid signaling in the heart, we used rat embryonic H9C2 cardiomyocytes and...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Ren R,Oakley RH,Cruz-Topete D,Cidlowski JA

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Ca2+ response of individual cells to TRH was investigated in excitable pituitary GH3 and in nonexcitable Hela cells transfected with the TRH receptor complementary DNA (HelaR cells). GH3 cells typically responded to 1 microM TRH with an immediate transient [Ca2+]i spike (mean peak [Ca2+]i = 1.5 microM) followed by...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nelson EJ,Hinkle PM

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfonylureas are drugs widely used in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to their pancreatic effect of stimulating insulin secretion, many studies suggest that sulfonylureas also have extrapancreatic actions. We have previously reported that gliclazide, a second-generation sulfonylur...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Rodríguez E,Pulido N,Romero R,Arrieta F,Panadero A,Rovira A

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The enteroendocrine and enteric nervous systems convey signals through an overlapping network of regulatory peptides that act either as circulating hormones or as localized neurotransmitters within the gastrointestinal tract. Because recent studies invoke an important role for vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) as a ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Yusta B,Holland D,Waschek JA,Drucker DJ

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trans-10, cis-12 conjugated linoleic acid (10,12 CLA) is a dietary fatty acid that promotes weight loss and disproportionate fat loss. Obese mice fed a high-fat, high-sucrose (HFHS) diet containing 10,12 CLA are resistant to weight gain and contain markedly reduced subcutaneous fat and adiponectin, with a concurrent l...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Wang S,Goodspeed L,Turk KE,Houston B,den Hartigh LJ

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pulsatile administration of glucagon to perifused rat hepatocytes stimulates hepatocyte glucose production (HGP) more effectively than continuous administration. Having established that this effect was due to delayed relaxation of glucagon-stimulated HGP (t1/2 for decay = 3.54 +/- 0.60 min) we wished to examine the me...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Weigle DS,Sweet IR,Goodner CJ

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), the major IGFBP in the adult circulation, is produced by a wide range of cell and tissue types. IGFBP-3 appears to be regulated by transcriptional and/or posttranslational mechanisms in a species-, cell-, and development-specific manner. In vitro and in vivo stud...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Albiston AL,Saffery R,Herington AC

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:PTH-related protein (PTHrP), the major mediator of hypercalcemia of malignancy, reduces tubular phosphate (Pi) reabsorption through its PTH-like renotropic actions. Another peptide detected in tumoral cells, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF beta), has been shown to considerably suppress the sodium-dependent Pi tra...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Law F,Rizzoli R,Bonjour JP

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In rodents, kisspeptin-expressing neurons are localized in 2 hypothalamic brain nuclei (anteroventral periventricular nucleus/periventricular nucleus continuum [AVPv/PeN] and arcuate nucleus [ARC]) and modulated by sex steroids. By using wild-type (WT) and aromatase knockout (ArKO) mice (which cannot convert testoster...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Brock O,Bakker J

更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although factors that regulate cAMP and steroid production in granulosa cells of hen preovulatory follicles have been well studied, much less is known of the mechanisms that control steroidogenesis in the adjacent thecal layer. These studies were conducted to examine the involvement and interaction of cAMP and protein...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Tilly JL,Johnson AL

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of 11 beta,20-dihydroxy-3-oxopregna-4,17(20)-dien-21-al (F enol aldehyde) as an intermediate in the biological conversion of cortisol to a 17-deoxy-21-oic acid was studied in vitro with mouse liver as the source of enzyme. The substrate, [1,2-3H]F enol aldehyde, was synthesized and found to contain cis and tr...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Singer CJ,Iohan F,Monder C

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the possible source of progesterone in the fetal fluids of pregnant sheep, we measured the changes in progesterone concentrations in amniotic fluid (AF) and allantoic fluid (ALF) during pregnancy and compared these values with those in the maternal and fetal circulations. In acute experiments, the concentrat...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Power SG,Patrick JE,Carson GD,Challis JR

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Melanocortin receptor 4 (MCR4) and CB(1) cannabinoid receptors independently modulate food intake. Although an interaction between the cannabinoid and melanocortin systems has been found in recovery from hemorrhagic shock, the interaction between these systems in modulating food intake has not yet been examined. The p...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Verty AN,McFarlane JR,McGregor IS,Mallet PE

更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We employed a short term system of dispersed adult mouse hypothalamic cells, as previously described in the rat, to examine the roles of calcium and calmodulin in SRIF release. Incubation studies were performed 24 h after hypothalamic cell dispersion. SRIF release, as determined by RIA was stimulated in a dose-depende...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Richardson S,Twente S

更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A cell-free system was used to characterize the binding reaction between the progesterone receptor and nuclear acceptor sites prepared from rat placenta. Two forms of receptor-acceptor complex were examined. One was extracted from nuclei by exposure to 0.6 M KCl; the other type was resistant to salt extraction. Kineti...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Ogle TF

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:N-methyl-D,L,-aspartate (NMA), an analog of the excitatory neurotransmitter aspartate, has been previously shown to acutely stimulate LH release in the rodent and primate. In this study, we examine the effect of NMA on LH secretion in the long term ovariectomized adult rhesus monkey. After a 3-h control period, three ...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Reyes A,Luckhaus J,Ferin M

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although tamoxifen (TAM), a selective estrogen receptor modulator, has been widely used in the treatment of hormone-responsive breast cancer, its estrogen-like effect increases the risk of endometrial cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of TAM-induced endometrial carcinoma still remain unclear. In this report, w...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Bai JX,Yan B,Zhao ZN,Xiao X,Qin WW,Zhang R,Jia LT,Meng YL,Jin BQ,Fan DM,Wang T,Yang AG

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This report describes properties of highly purified cathepsin-B and an additional cysteine proteinase, designated cysteine proteinase I, obtained from human thyroids. Both enzymes are localized to lysosomes. The activity profile of cysteine proteinase I combined with its sensitivity to the active site inhibitor Z-Phe-...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Dunn AD,Dunn JT

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Marked development of the mammary parenchyma (ducts, lobules, and alveoli) occurs during the last third of the 115-day gestation period in the gilt. These changes in the mammary gland are temporally correlated with elevated blood levels of relaxin, estrogen, and progesterone. We recently demonstrated that relaxin play...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Winn RJ,Baker MD,Merle CA,Sherwood OD

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies were carried out to determine the actions of PRL on adrenocortical function in hypophysectomized female rats in the presence and absence of ACTH. PRL administration alone decreased 5 alpha-reductase activity but did not significantly affect the rates of corticosterone secretion or peripheral plasma corticoster...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Colby HD

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the regulator of pituitary reproductive hormone synthesis, the hypothalamic neuropeptide GnRH is the central regulator of reproduction. A hallmark of GnRH action is the differential control of gene expression in pituitary gonadotropes through varied pulsatile stimulation. Among other signaling events, GnRH activati...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Nguyen KA,Intriago RE,Upadhyay HC,Santos SJ,Webster NJ,Lawson MA

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have previously shown that plasma IGF 1 concentration is positively correlated with the rate of antler growth and have proposed that IGF 1 is stimulatory for antler growth in the red deer stag. Therefore to partly resolve the question of whether the IGF 1 was of circulating or local origin in relation to its effect...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Suttie JM,Fennessy PF,Gluckman PD,Corson ID

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The circadian rhythm of blood corticosterone was examined in rats whose feeding was restricted to a specific time of day. The peak of the corticosterone level was found just before feeding time regardless of whether, the rats were kept on a 12-h light, 12-h dark cycle or in constant light or were blinded. It took at l...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Kato H,Saito M,Suda M

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In an attempt to purify the thyroid receptor for TSH and to study interaction with the thyroid-stimulating antibody (TSAb) of graves' disease, we used both bovine and human thyroid glands. With either tissue, the 10,000 X g pellet of homogenized material was solubilized with 0.5% Triton N-101; excess Triton was remove...

journal_title：Endocrinology

authors： Koizumi Y,Zakarija M,McKenzie JM

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00