Abstract:
:Pulsatile administration of glucagon to perifused rat hepatocytes stimulates hepatocyte glucose production (HGP) more effectively than continuous administration. Having established that this effect was due to delayed relaxation of glucagon-stimulated HGP (t1/2 for decay = 3.54 +/- 0.60 min) we wished to examine the mechanism of response termination. Delayed dissociation of glucagon from its receptor was excluded by the brisk washout of [125I]glucagon from perifusion columns (t1/2 = 1.00 +/- 0.13) and the rapid decay in glucagon-stimulated cAMP released into the perifusion medium (t1/2 = 1.14 +/- 0.12). The relaxation of the HGP response to a pulse of administered cAMP was comparable to the decay in glucagon-stimulated HGP (t1/2 = 3.28 +/- 0.22). Furthermore, the phosphodiesterase inhibitor isobutyl-methylxanthine did not alter the decay of the HGP response to glucagon despite increasing the amplitude of the response (t1/2 = 3.04 +/- 0.36). These data place the rate-limiting step for HGP relaxation distal to cAMP generation and degradation. The decay of the beta-hydroxybutyrate response to a glucagon pulse was not different from the cAMP response (t1/2 = 1.14 +/- 0.23), whereas the decay of gluconeogenesis from lactate was not significantly different from HGP relaxation (t1/2 = 1.94 +/- 0.08). We conclude that rate-limiting events for HGP relaxation occur distal to the second messenger cascade; however, ketogenesis is more closely coupled to the kinetics of cAMP. These results may help to explain the absence of excessive ketosis during fasting in normal humans, who secrete glucagon episodically at 10- to 14-min intervals.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Weigle DS,Sweet IR,Goodner CJdoi
10.1210/endo-121-2-732subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-08-01 00:00:00pages
732-7issue
2eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
121pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF alpha), a product of activated monocytes, induces tissue wasting in certain solid tumors in vivo and in in vitro model systems. Recent studies indicate that TNF alpha also regulates cell replication and expression of differentiated function in a variety of nonneoplastic cell systems. S...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-123-3-1442
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whole saliva collected from rat, mouse, and human sources was found to contain high concentrations of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF alpha) when analyzed by RIA. The concentrations of TGF alpha in unstimulated human saliva (age, 30-45 yr; n = 10; 1.5 +/- 3.1 nM) was reduced with age (age, 55-70 yr; n = 10; 0.4 ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.134.2.8299590
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ghrelin is produced by the gastrointestinal tract, and its systemic concentrations are mainly regulated by nutritional factors. Our aim was to investigate: 1) endogenous portal and systemic acylated and unacylated ghrelin levels (AG and UAG, respectively); 2) whether an iv glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) modifies AG an...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-0225
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::17 beta-Estradiol (E2; 100 micrograms/kg X day) was infused iv for 6 days into three chronically catheterized ovine fetuses beginning at 105-106 days of gestation (term, 147 days) and into four younger fetuses for 3 days commencing at 87-92 days. Control studies were performed on three fetuses at each age. At 90 days,...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-112-5-1618
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Estrogen regulates the function, growth, and proliferation of lactotropes in the pituitary. We report here that low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor (LDLR) gene expression and LDL uptake are strongly up-regulated by estrogen in pituitary somatolactotropic GH(3) cells. The uptake of LDL was significantly inhibited by...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-0228
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ileal proglucagon-derived peptides (PGDPs) play important roles in the regulation of gastric function and insulin secretion. We have previously demonstrated the existence of a proximal-distal enteroendocrine loop mediated by glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), through which intestinal PGDP secretion is...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.137.6.8641190
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photoreactive analogs of vasopressin, [Phe2,Phe-(p-N3)3]AVP (3a) and [Phe-(p-N3)2]AVP (2a), and the chemically reactive analogs of vasopressin, [Phe2,Phe-(p-NHCOCH2Br)3]AVP (3b) and [Phe-(p-NHCOCH2Br)2]AVP (2c), have been tested in the toad bladder for irreversible stimulation or inhibition of the water permeabili...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-113-4-1413
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of oxytocin (OT) to receptors in rabbit amnion cells stimulates PGE2 release. We previously studied the binding characteristics, changes in receptor concentration during pregnancy, and agonist specificity of OT action on amnion cells. In this study the molecular size of OT receptors in rabbit amnion was es...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.130.6.1317790
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21, a unique, largely liver-derived endocrine member of the FGF superfamily, is often thought of as a fasting factor owing to its induction in rodents during starvation. However, FGF21 is not increased by fasting for periods of <7 days in humans; instead, it rises sharply after acute alc...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2018-00208
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blepharophimosis ptosis epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a human disorder caused by mutations in the forkhead transcription factor gene FOXL2 and is characterized by facial dysmorphology combined in some cases with ovarian failure. To better understand the role of FOXL2 in the etiology of ovarian failure in BPES...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2002-0095
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix components has been suggested to play an essential role in the occurrence of ovulation. Recent studies in our laboratory have indicated that the plasminogen activator and matrix metalloproteinase systems, which were previously believed to be crucial for ovulation, are no...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-1736
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulatory role of cAMP-dependent protein kinase in steroidogenesis was examined in luteal cell mitochondria prepared from heavily luteinized prepubertal rat ovaries. The cAMP-dependent protein kinase, localized in luteal mitochondria, comprised 5.5% of the total cellular protein kinase activity (cAMP-dependent). ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-117-1-315
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of the biochemical mechanisms regulating the differentiation of the ovarian androgen-producing cells has been difficult because of the lack of a method for isolating the theca-interstitial cells (TIC) from the granulosa and other cell types. We report here a simple, rapid and reproducible method for obtainin...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-5-2345
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method has been developed for the purification of rat placental lactogen employing a specific radioreceptor assay (RRA). The method involves precipitation with ammonium sulfate, gel filtration on Sephadex G-100, ion-exchange chromatography on DEAE-cellulose and CM-Sephadex, and preparative isoelectric focusing. The ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-97-3-621
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in several extracellular matrix proteins, such as fibronectin in fetal membrane and cervical collagens, occur at term and preterm delivery. However, no studies have evaluated changes in extracellular matrix proteins, in relation to myometrial activation recorded using invasive techniques during parturition in ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.140.5.6697
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A study was conducted to determine the role of the thyroid gland in three neuroendocrine responses to photoperiod; secretion of melatonin, PRL, and LH. Ewes were thyroidectomized (THX) in midsummer or left thyroid intact, and both groups were moved indoors to artificial short days (8 h of light, 16 h of darkness) for ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.1.8013340
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterized by myocyte loss and myocardial fibrosis, leading to decreased elasticity and impaired contractile function. The study examines the downstream signaling whereby oxidative stress, induced by hyperglycemia, leads to myocardial fibrosis and impaired contractile function in the left...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-0877
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis involves timed signaling between the hypothalamus, pituitary, and adrenal glands and back to the brain, causing an inherently oscillating system. Corticosteroids such as corticosterone (CORT) are secreted in a circadian rhythm, characterized by low and high levels at the start o...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2018-00767
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The uterotropic response of the uterus to 17β-estradiol (E2) is genetically controlled, with marked variation observed depending on the mouse strain studied. Previous genetic studies from our laboratory using inbred mice that are high (C57BL6/J; B6) or low (C3H/HeJ; C3H) responders to E2 led to the identification of q...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-1910
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide is a ubiquitous estrogen-regulated signaling molecule that has been implicated in the regulation of bone maturation and remodeling. To better understand the role that bone-cell-secreted nitric oxide plays in ovariectomy-induced modifications of bone turnover, we examined the expression of endothelial NO s...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-0334
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Explants from nonmenstrual endometria cultured in the absence of ovarian hormones undergo tissue breakdown. Addition of estradiol and progesterone (EP) prevents proteolysis. Explants include stromal and epithelial compartments which play different but complementary roles in endometrial physiology, including tissue rem...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2009-1398
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous (i.v.) administration of TRF (1 mg/kg) increases the LD50 of pentobarbital (PB) by 25% while the same dose of somatostatin results in a 30% reduction in PB LD50. A similar increase of PB LD50 by TRF was observed in hypophysectomized rats. Mortality was completely abolished in rats receiving TRF (1 mg/kg) t...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-96-5-1333
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Progesterone (P4) is essential for female fertility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the functional requirement of the nonclassical P4 receptor (PGR), PGR membrane component 1, in regulating female fertility. To achieve this goal, the Pgrmc1 gene was floxed by insertion of loxP sites on each side of exon 2...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2016-1081
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adrenals express a high level of neutral cholesteryl ester hydrolase (CEH) activity, and male rats have greater activity than females; however, the identity of the enzyme(s) responsible for this activity and the basis for the sex differences are unknown. Using mice in which hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) was inactivat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.143.3.8693
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms underlying the glucose dependence of arginine vasopressin (AVP)-stimulated insulin secretion were examined in a hamster insulin-secreting cell line (HIT cells). At 1.67 mM glucose, 100 nM AVP stimulated biphasic changes in free cytosolic Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) and insulin secretion. The initial spike of [Ca2+]i...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.132.5.8386610
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized the existence of vagal arginine sensors in the liver which modulate arginine-induced pancreatic hormone secretion. The present study was carried out to examine the efferent pathways and receptor mechanisms from arginine sensors using selective vagotomies and autonomic drugs on the secretion of insulin ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-127-4-2017
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), the principal IGF in adult rat serum, occurs complexed to specific binding proteins. After fractionation of serum on Sephadex G-200 at neutral pH, 62% of the immunoreactive IGF-I is recovered in the 150K region, 38% in the 40K region, and none is present as free 7.5K IGF-I. Adult ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-125-3-1540
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate (Glu) is the most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain and has been implicated in the regulation of GnRH secretion in several mammalian species, including the monkey. To investigate the neuroanatomical basis for Glu-GnRH interactions, we performed an immunocytochemical study at both the light a...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.134.2.7905410
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytosols of whole testicular homogenates from the Syrian golden hamster contained specific binding sites for [3H]triamcinolone acetonide that exhibited limited capacity and high affinity binding characteristic of glucocorticoid receptors in other target tissues. The receptor complex sedimented as an 8.6S binder in low...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-109-5-1331
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Somatostatin (SRIH) inhibits cell proliferation by interacting with five distinct SRIH receptor subtypes (SSTRs) activating several pathways in many tissues. We previously demonstrated that SRIH, by activating Src homology-2-containing protein, inhibits cell proliferation of the human medullary thyroid carcinoma cell ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1479
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00