Abstract:
:Procedures for identifying novel antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are changing and need to change more. Widespread reliance on two primary screens has led to the identification of novel compounds that resemble either phenytoin (suppressing high-frequency repetitive firing in cultured neurons and prolonging inactivation of voltage-dependent sodium channels identified by the maximal electroshock test) or benzodiazepines (potentiating the inhibitory effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), identified by the threshold pentylenetetrazol test). Advances in molecular neurobiology have identified specific molecular targets (subunits of ion channels, neurotransmitter receptors, and transporters) and have made them available in a form permitting high-throughput screening. AEDs can be designed to interact with specific sites on the target molecules. Alternatively, the molecular screens can be used to identify active components in natural products, including folk remedies. Preclinical in vivo screens can be improved by using animals with genetic or acquired epilepsies that have similar modifications in the properties of the target molecules as do human epilepsy syndromes. Future work is likely to define molecular targets for AEDs that will block or reverse chronic epileptogenesis.
journal_name
Epilepsiajournal_title
Epilepsiaauthors
Meldrum BSdoi
10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb05204.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-01-01 00:00:00pages
S7-15eissn
0013-9580issn
1528-1167journal_volume
38 Suppl 9pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
EPILEPSIA文献大全abstract::This study aimed to determine clinical features of adult patients with gelastic seizures recorded on video -electroencephalography (EEG) over a 5-year period. We screened video-EEG telemetry reports for the occurrence of the term "gelastic" seizures, and assessed the semiology, EEG features, and duration of those seiz...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12868
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report an early infantile patient characterized by intractable hyponatremia, progressive megalencephaly, and epileptic seizures with an EEG pattern that alternated between interictal low-voltage background and ictal burst activity. Repeatedly all the abnormal findings improved in a lidocaine-dependent manner. Given...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2002.25301.x
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Few studies have examined the long-term sustainability of complete seizure freedom on the ketogenic diet (KD). The purpose of this study was to describe the risk of seizure recurrence in children who achieved at least 1 month of seizure freedom on the KD, and to assess clinical features associated with sustai...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/epi.12583
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) have an increased risk of developing seizures or epilepsy. Little is known about the role of risk factors and about the risk of developing seizures/epilepsy in patients with vascular dementia (VD). The aim of this study was to assess incidence rates (IRs) of seizures/epile...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12045
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using transhemispheric transfer and post-transfer interference as specific measures, the relationship between chemical and electrical kindling at the amygdala (AM) in rats was examined. Chemical kindling was accomplished by repeated injections of a subconvulsive dose of combined L-glutamate (GLU) and L-aspartate (ASP)...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1989.tb05298.x
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) the epileptogenic area is confined to the mesial temporal lobe, but other cortical and subcortical areas are also affected and cognitive and psychiatric impairments are usually documented. Functional connectivity methods are based on the correlation of the blood oxygen le...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03464.x
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe four patients with stimulus-sensitive seizures and myoclonus following severe hypoxic-ischemic injury. METHODS:In 22 months, four adult patients with myoclonus, generalized tonic-clonic, and clonic seizures following tactile stimulation were identified. EEG and hospital records were reviewed. RESU...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb00040.x
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous studies have documented a synaptic translocation of calcineurin (CaN) and increased CaN activity following status epilepticus (SE); however, the cellular effect of these changes in CaN in the pathology of SE remains to be elucidated. This study examined a CaN-dependent modification of the dendritic cyt...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01616.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Potentially pathogenic autoantibodies are found increasingly in adults with seizure disorders, including focal seizures and those of unknown cause. In this study, we investigated a cohort of children with new-onset seizures to see whether there were autoantibodies and the relationship to any specific seizure or...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12405
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the launching worldwide of a range of new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), the prescriber has a much wider choice than ever before. Comparative studies between new and established AEDs are few, and those between new AEDs are rarely performed. This report considers the strengths and weaknesses of nine new and establish...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb05966.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on cognitive function and behavior in children are reviewed on the basis of published studies. Individual AEDs have been shown to differ--the deleterious effects of phenytoin generally contrasting with the relatively minimal effects of valproate and carbamazepine. Some of the ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1990.tb05867.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aims to map the temporal and extratemporal 18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)-defined hypometabolism in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). We hypothesize that quantitative analysis will reveal extensive extratemporal glucose hypometabolism (EH), that the EH is related to ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02552.x
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The current understanding of epilepsy has changed significantly in the past 2 decades. This report presents a description of newly diagnosed childhood-onset epilepsy, with a special emphasis on epilepsy syndromes, in a large, prospectively ascertained community-based cohort evaluated and diagnosed in the mid-19...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb00739.x
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In 2015, the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) proposed a new definition of status epilepticus (SE): 5 minutes of ongoing seizure activity to diagnose convulsive SE (CSE, ie, bilateral tonic-clonic SE) and 10 minutes for focal SE and absence SE, rather than the earlier criterion of 30 minutes. Base...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14607
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Unresolved past stressful events can induce a state of vulnerability to epilepsy and comorbidities. Using an experimental model of stress-induced vulnerability to depression, we tested whether an antioxidant treatment applied after the onset of epileptogenesis was disease modifying and could prevent the occur...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14692
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study was designed to measure the brain penetration of phenytoin (PHT) after intravenous (i.v.) administration of either standard PHT or fosphenytoin (FPHT), a PHT prodrug. The study was formulated to answer the question whether the time required for FPHT to be converted to PHT in the bloodstream would del...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb02068.x
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is a disease of complex etiology, and multiple molecular mechanisms contribute to its development. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) may result from an initial precipitating event such as hypoxia, head injury, or prolonged seizure (i.e., status epilepticus [SE]), that is followed by a latent period of months to ye...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/epi.12036
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonepileptic seizures (NES) are common and are often diagnosed at epilepsy centers by video-EEG recording of both spontaneous and suggestion-induced episodes, but no study has evaluated provocative testing in a general seizure population. We studied consecutive patients with a tentative diagnosis of epilepsy using sal...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb02509.x
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Chronic cellular inflammation closely associated with epilepsy without an active infection is a hallmark of Rasmussen encephalitis (RE). RE has typical and defining features lacking in other rare epilepsy patients who also have neocortical lymphocytes without an identifiable cause. A patient with malformations ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01034.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eleven patients had seizures with unilateral temporal lobe onset recorded with simultaneous bilateral medial temporal depth electrodes and neocortical (subdural) electrodes at least on the side of seizure onset. Of a total of 55 seizures, four had simultaneous onset in neocortex and hippocampus, and 51 had onset in un...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1987.tb03676.x
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Diacylglycerol kinase epsilon (DGKepsilon) regulates seizure susceptibility and long-term potentiation through arachidonoyl-inositol lipid signaling. We studied the significance of arachidonoyl-diacylglycerol (20:4 DAG) in epileptogenesis in DGKepsilon-deficient mice undergoing rapid kindling epileptogenesis. ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00418.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To estimate the incidence and mortality associated with first unprovoked seizure or newly diagnosed epilepsy in a low-income, predominantly Hispanic community in Northern Manhattan, New York City. METHODS:We performed a population-based study to determine the incidence of first unprovoked seizure or newly diag...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01564.x
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) can be used for noninvasive measurement of more than two dozen small metabolites in the brains of living animals and humans. In the first decade of its use for study of seizure phenomena in animals, MRS successfully detected in vivo seizure-induced cerebral acidosis and reduction ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1994.tb05984.x
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to determine whether analysis of EEG envelope trend aids bedside detection of neonatal seizures. Five neonatal EEGs with multiple seizures were used to determine optimal trend parameters for seizure detection. Using these parameters, envelope trends were generated on eight additional EEGs, evaluated by experi...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01425.x
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report 10 seizure-related thermal injuries severe enough to require hospitalization in patients with epilepsy. Eight of the ten incidents were with patients who had had seizures with impaired consciousness two or more times a month. This suggests that seizure frequency is a risk factor and implies the importance of...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1992.tb02290.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of cannabidiol (CBD) on electrically evoked kindled seizures were studied in conscious, unrestrained rats with chronically implanted cortical and limbic electrodes, and the results were compared with those of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta 9-THC), phenytoin (PHT), and ethosuximide (ESM). All drugs wer...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1979.tb04815.x
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 28-year-old man with regularly occurring clusters of complex partial seizures was studied over a total of 224 days. His seizure periods lasted 2-4 days and occurred at intervals of 5-6 weeks. Several parameters were studied. The most striking finding was an increase in the serum concentration of thyroxine prior to a...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb03561.x
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Herein we used electrophysiologic approaches in hippocampal area CA1 to estimate how morphine treatment alters the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) effects. METHODS:Hippocampal slices taken from either control animals or animals made dependent via chronic morphine administration were examined. Changes in the population...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.01802.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::From the earliest days of neurology, the classification of epileptic seizures into those generalized from the beginning and those with a definable localization in the cortex from the onset has added to knowledge about the function of the nervous system. Further elaboration of the classification of seizures into those ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1990.tb05856.x
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Determining a prognosis for functional recovery after prolonged status epilepticus can be difficult. Prior case studies have shown that despite seizure control, functional outcomes are typically poor unless a reversible cause is identified. Herein we present a case of idiopathic status epilepticus with a surprisingly ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03327.x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00