Abstract:
:Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) may be involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic and endocrine changes in HIV infection. Pentoxifylline (PTX) is able to suppress the production of TNF-alpha in vitro. The effect of two dosages of intravenously administered PTX on clinical symptoms and ex vivo LPS-stimulated TNF-alpha production was evaluated in six clinically stable AIDS patients in a saline-controlled study. PTX in a dosage of 1.5 mg/min was tolerated without side effects. PTX in a dosage of 2.1 mg/min resulted in intolerable nausea and necessitated termination of infusion after 30 min. The average plasma concentration of PTX after infusion of 1.5 mg/min for 6 hr was 510+/-56 ng/ml, which is considerably below the concentrations that have been reported to suppress TNF-alpha production in vitro. No effect of PTX infusion (1.5 mg/min) on LPS-stimulated TNF production ex vivo was found. Our conclusion is that the maximally tolerated i.v. dosage of PTX in AIDS patients is 1.5 mg/min. LPS-stimulated ex vivo TNF-alpha production, at the LPS concentrations tested, was not inhibited by the plasma concentration of PTX that could be achieved at this dosage.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Heijligenberg R,Romijn JA,Ackermans M,Endert E,Timmer JG,Sauerwein HPdoi
10.1089/aid.1998.14.299subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
299-303issue
4eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Investigations into the use of baboons as organ donors for human transplant recipients, a procedure called xenotransplantation, have raised the specter of transmitting baboon viruses to humans and possibly establishing new human infectious diseases. Retrospective analysis of tissues from two human transplant recipient...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.821
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 protease activity is essential for viral replication. In spite of the high rates of HIV mutation, the active site of protease (residues 24-29) is a conserved site, where mutations have not been previously described. To determine the effect of mutations at positions T26 and A29 of the viral protease and its viabi...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2004.20.1183
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tax gene of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) diverges among isolates according to geographic regions and has been classified into two genotypes: taxA and taxB. In Brazil, taxA is the most prevalent genotype in symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers. Few studies have been conducted in HIV-infected patients...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2011.0389
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deoxyguanylic acids, but not other deoxynucleotides, as short as 3- to 4-mer, were effective in preventing HIV-1-induced cytopathicity. In addition, they prevented giant cell formation of infected Sup-T1 cells, and p24 production in HIV-1 infected H9 cells. Phosphorylation at either the 5'- or 3'-end enhanced these ac...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.461
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of HIV vaccines is an urgent priority and there is need to generate reagents representing multiple subtypes that can be used to screen HIV-1-specific responses. We used Aldrithiol-2 (AT-2), a mild oxidizing reagent, to eliminate the infectivity of HIV while maintaining its structure and ability to be p...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.0136
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 infection is associated with vascular alterations. This is accompanied by an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and Kaposi's sarcoma, an endothelial cell-derived tumor. We investigated the impact of maternal HIV-1 infection on phenotype and gene expression of endothelial cells in newborns. For this reason...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.940
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using blood samples from primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) patients obtained in Lyon, France, we characterized the newly transmitted HIV-1 variants in this area during the 1992-1996 period. As PHI samples allowed the precise timing of the transmission event, we were able to date the introduction of non-B subtypes or recom...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/0889222041524607
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subunit vaccines based on recombinant proteins have proved useful for inducing antibody responses and they are safe for widespread use because they do not contain any live components. Unfortunately, they do not typically induce the types of cell-mediated immune responses required to control viral pathogens; specifical...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.853
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::With improved survival and aging, more persons living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are at risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). This retrospective longitudinal study evaluated patient characteristics associated with CRC screening in our HIV cohort. Patients were followed beginning at age 50 years during a study period from Janua...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2014.0256
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although Cameroon, in west central Africa, has a relatively low HIV prevalence of 5-6%, all HIV-1 groups (M, N, O, and P), nearly all HIV-1 group M subtypes, and numerous intersubtype recombinant forms have been identified in Cameroon. In this report, we describe the near full-length sequence of 04CMU11421, an HIV-1 g...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0305
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the ability of several polyionic compounds, previously shown to have activity in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) to block binding of anti-CD4 and recombinant HIV gp120 to the CD4 receptor on human lymphocytes. We found that Evans blue and aurin tricarboxylic acid could completely inhib...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.1125
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) is highest among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Jamaica but no genotypic data are available on the virus strains that are responsible for the epidemic among this key population. HIV-1 polymerase (pol) genes from 65 MSM were sequenced and used to predict...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2015.0040
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The recombinant virus assay (RVA) is a method for assessing the susceptibility of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) plasma isolates to antiretroviral drugs. The RVA involves the production of viable virus in vitro by homologous recombination of RT-PCR products from plasma virus with a noninfectious reverse t...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200414992
更新日期:2000-08-10 00:00:00
abstract::Surveillance of drug resistance mutations in antiretroviral-experienced HIV(+) patients may provide useful information regarding options available for rescue interventions. All resistance tests performed from 1999 to 2005 on antiretroviral-experienced individuals at one reference laboratory in Madrid were examined. On...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.0072
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) probably originate from ancient germ cell infections by exogenous retroviruses. A high expression of retroviruses in reproductive tissue increases the risk of viral transmission to germ line cells. We therefore investigated the expression of human ERVs (HERVs) in normal endometrium, endo...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.551
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study explores whether previous failures on antiretroviral drug regimens preclude the possibility of immune restoration. This was assessed by evaluating T cell subset changes in individuals who received a salvage regimen of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) after initially failing protease inhibitor mo...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.561
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 is classified into three groups, M (major), N (non-M non-O), and O (outlier); each group arose from a separate transmission of SIVcpz into humans. HIV-1 group N was recently discovered and infections with this virus are rare with only eight documented cases. All group N infections have been found in Cameroon and...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.83
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seroprevalence and the occurrence of an HIV-1 subtype was assessed in blood samples of the Tiriyo tribe. Antibody was found in 0.6% and the molecular analysis of the pro region detected the emergence of a subtype B for the first time in a native Indian tribe of the Amazon region of Brazil. ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.1267
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histone deacetylases (HDACs) act on histones within the nucleosome-bound promoter of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to maintain proviral latency. HDAC inhibition leads to promoter expression and the escape of HIV from latency. We evaluated the ability of the potent inhibitor recently licensed for use in o...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0191
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) and Western blotting, with "purified" human T-cell leukemia virus I (HTLV-I), to test for HTLV-I antibodies in 2583 plasma samples from 1053 leukemia/lymphoma patients treated at Roswell Park Memorial Institute, mostly between 1972 and 1984, and in 110 sera samples fro...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.617
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tuberculosis (TB) is the major opportunistic infection of HIV-infected patients in developing countries and is associated with activation of the immune system and increased HIV-1 expression. The aim of this study was to explore the biological properties of HIV-1 isolates from patients with active TB. Ten HIV-1 subtype...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922201750236979
更新日期:2001-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Serological studies on 926 blood samples from 703 Brazilian Kayapo (Cayapo) Indians showed, by conventional definition of HTLV seropositivity, a 28% prevalence of human T lymphotropic virus (HTLV) infection, the highest yet reported. Immunoblot (WB) and SYNTH-EIA patterns indicate that the predominant infecting agent ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1994.10.1165
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gag-homologous region of the human endogenous retrovirus K10 (HERV-K10) was amplified by PCR from human genomic DNA and was analyzed by DNA cloning, sequencing, and expression of open reading frames in the prokaryotic pATH expression system. The analysis of genomic DNA of three donors provided evidence that HERV-K...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.343
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signature pattern analysis identifies particular sites in amino acid or nucleic acid alignments of variable sequences that are distinctly representative of a query set of sequences relative to a background set. We explore the merits of using signature patterns for analysis of HIV-1 (human immunodeficiency virus type 1...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.1549
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate how human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) escapes from antibodies directed against the neutralization domain in the third variable region (V3) of gp120, we examined precisely which amino acid contributed to antibody binding. From six HIV-1-infected individuals, sequential sera were tested for anti...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1995.11.1153
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding factors that affect heterosexual transmission of HIV in women is of great importance. Lactobacilli in the lower genital tract of women utilize glycogen in vaginal epithelial cells as an energy source and produce lactic acid. The resultant vaginal acidity is believed to provide protection against HIV infe...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2011.0071
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 is capable of mimicking the ligand of integrin α(4)β(7) by displaying a tripeptide mimotope on the V2 region. Through this mimicry HIV can bind the α(4)β(7) integrin and get carried through the lymphocyte proliferation signaling pathway, cell-to-cell adhesion and can migrate to gut-associated lymphoid tissues. T...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2011.0007
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is associated with Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) in normal individuals and immunoblastic B cell lymphomas in immunosuppressed or HIV-infected individuals. SCID mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leukocytes (hu-PBL-SCID) from EBV-seropositive donors also may develop spontaneous ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiological studies strongly suggest that a newly discovered herpesvirus, Kaposi's sarcoma associated-herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8), is the likely infectious cause of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Identification of this agent suggests the possibility that existing anti-herpesvirus chemotherapeutics have activity against KSHV. ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1997.13.1229
更新日期:1997-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::In an effort to identify an immunological basis for natural resistance to HIV-1 infection, we have examined serum antibody responses to HLA class I antigens in female prostitutes of the Nairobi Sex Workers Study. Anti-HLA antibodies are known to block HIV infectivity in vitro and can be protective against SIV challeng...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.109
更新日期:1998-01-20 00:00:00