Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) is localized to Müller cells in all vertebrate retinas.

abstract：:After hatching, larvae of coral reef fishes experience a pelagic phase during which they are diurnal planktivores. It has been suggested that ultraviolet (UV) vision is beneficial for the detection of planktonic prey. Aims were therefore to investigate whether ocular media of pre-settlement reef fish differ from those...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Siebeck UE,Marshall NJ

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kinetics of synaptic transfer from photoreceptors to second order neurons have been determined in the retina of the snapping turtle. Analysis of the fluctuations resulting from the random release of cone transmitter molecules reveals that the action on postsynaptic channels of the depolarizing bipolar cells is pro...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Copenhagen DR,Ashmore JF,Schnapf JK

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Small spots, lines and Gabor patterns can be easier to detect when they are superimposed upon similar spots, lines and Gabor patterns. Traditionally, such facilitation has been understood to be a consequence of nonlinear contrast transduction. Facilitation has also been reported to arise from non-overlapping patterns ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Solomon JA,Watson AB,Morgan MJ

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Spatial power spectra from natural images fall approximately as the square of spatial frequency, a property also called scale invariance (scaling). Various theories for visual receptive fields consider scale invariance key. Two hypotheses have been advanced in the literature for why natural images obey scale invarianc...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Balboa RM,Tyler CW,Grzywacz NM

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To understand the regulatory mechanisms governing glucocorticoid-mediated MYOC induction in human trabecular meshwork (HTM) cells, the expression and degradation of MYOC mRNA were quantified in HTM cells by Northern blot analysis, and the transcriptional activity of constructs containing variable lengths of putative M...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Joe MK,Sohn S,Kim TE,Im JE,Choi YR,Kee C

更新日期：2011-05-11 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine how local velocities from different regions of the visual field combine to form a coherent motion percept, we subjected a sinusoidal line stimulus to translational motion. Horizontal movement of a sinewave line along its axial direction is perceived as nonrigid if the angle at the zero crossing is smaller t...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Nakayama K,Silverman GH

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrophysiological studies have established that lead exposure produces selective rod deficits. The present electroretinographic (ERG) and correlated calcium experiments examined whether low-level or moderate-level developmental lead exposure (peak blood lead of 19 and 59 micrograms/dl, respectively) altered dark ad...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Fox DA,Katz LM

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In multiple sclerosis (MS), eye movement disorders are common and can be quantified with infrared video-oculography. A well-known abnormality is internuclear ophthalmoplegia (INO). This study aims to describe saccadic abnormalities beyond INO and investigate their clinical relevance. A validated standardized infrared ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Nij Bijvank JA,Petzold A,Coric D,Tan HS,Uitdehaag BMJ,Balk LJ,van Rijn LJ

更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recorded the activity of omnipause neurons (OPNs) in the raphe interpositus during so-called staircase saccades produced by prolonged activation of the superior colliculus (SC) by microstimulation. By showing that OPNs cyclically pause during the periodic movements produced by the steady activation function, w...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Paul K,Gnadt JW

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial characteristics of the changes in retinal correspondence produced by forced convergence were studied. The vertical extent of lateral shifts in binocular correspondence were quantified by comparing the convergence of the eyes measured with binocular search coils to the convergence of the eyes as determined ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Fogt N,Jones R

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is evidence that humans implicitly learn an average or prototype of previously studied faces, as the unseen face prototype is falsely recognized as having been learned (Solso & McCarthy, 1981). Here we investigated the extent and nature of face prototype formation where observers' memory was tested after they st...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Or CC,Wilson HR

更新日期：2013-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Flickering lights can be uncomfortable to look at and can induce seizures in observers with photosensitive epilepsy. However, the temporal characteristics contributing to these effects are not fully known. In the spatial domain, one identified source of visual discomfort is when images have Fourier amplitude spectra t...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Yoshimoto S,Garcia J,Jiang F,Wilkins AJ,Takeuchi T,Webster MA

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined the performance of human observers to identify three-dimensional (3D) shape from motion induced by exploratory head movements. Subjects categorized 3D quadratic surfaces with randomly chosen shape but with a fixed amount of curvature in one of eight shape categories. Human observers had their best performa...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： van Damme WJ,van de Grind WA

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When a vernier stimulus is presented for a short time and followed by a grating comprising five straight lines, the vernier remains invisible but may bequeath its offset to the grating (feature inheritance). For more than seven grating elements, the vernier is rendered visible as a shine-through element. However, shin...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Herzog MH,Fahle M,Koch C

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The visual system can represent a partially occluded 3-D surface from images of separated surface segments. The underlying amodal surface integration process accomplishes this by amodally extending each surface segment behind the occluder (amodal surface extension) and integrating the extended surfaces to form a whole...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： He ZJ,Ooi TL,Su YR

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The properties of small monochromatic targets as accommodative stimuli are not well understood. We used a dynamic optometer to record accommodation responses to monochromatic disc targets (1.0-27.3 min arc) and to a Maltese cross. Accommodation responded adequately to points as small as 13.6 min arc. The response to t...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kruger PB,Stark LR,Nguyen HN

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Normal binocular vision emerges from the combination of neural signals arising within separate monocular pathways. It is natural to wonder whether both eyes contribute equally to the unified cyclopean impression we ordinarily experience. Binocular rivalry, which occurs when the inputs to the two eyes are markedly diff...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Dieter KC,Sy JL,Blake R

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is not known how glutamate released synaptically in the outer plexiform layer of the retina is inactivated. Since there is no extracellular enzymatic degradation, glutamate released from photoreceptors is taken up intracellularly by at least one of the three transporters known, and metabolized by a glutamate degrad...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Derouiche A

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some aspects of attentional processing are known to decline with normal aging. To understand how age affects the attentional control of perceptual stability, we investigated age-related changes in voluntarily controlled perceptual rivalry. Durations of the dominant percept, produced by an ambiguous Rubin vase-faces fi...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Aydin S,Strang NC,Manahilov V

更新日期：2013-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Quite independently of what they represent, some images provoke discomfort, and even headaches and seizures in susceptible individuals. The visual system has adapted to efficiently process the images it typically experiences, and in nature these images are usually scale-invariant. In this work, we sought to characteri...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Penacchio O,Wilkins AJ

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-frame random-element kinematograms were used to study the matching algorithm employed by the visual system to keep track of moving elements. Previous data have shown that the maximum spatial displacement detectable (dmax) for random-dot kinematogram stimuli increases both with increasing dot size and with decreasi...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Eagle RA,Rogers BJ

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lenses from 27 human eyes ranging in age from 10 to 87 years were used to determine how accommodation and age affect the optical properties of the lens. A scanning laser technique was used to measure focal length and spherical aberration of the lenses, while the lenses were subjected to stretching forces applied throu...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Glasser A,Campbell MC

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Existing models for the generation of saccades predict fixed trajectories between start and landing positions of saccades. Experimental data show that saccades have rather variable trajectories. The objective of the present research is to quantify the variability in trajectories of binocular saccades and to test in ho...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Erkelens AJ,Sloot OB

更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although previous research has shown that depth perception is weak for isoluminant stereograms, the possibility remains that color plays an important role in stereopsis when luminance variations are present. To examine this possibility, we measured the relative contribution of chromatic and luminance cues in solving t...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Jordan JR 3rd,Geisler WS,Bovik AC

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large and small letter contrast sensitivity and visual acuity were assessed in 37 elderly eyes (mean VA -0.01 logMAR, Snellen 6/6) and their lens opacities were categorised and graded using the LOCS III system. Large letter contrast sensitivity was often not reduced in cataract from age-matched normal values and provi...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Elliott DB,Situ P

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifty-three different 3D shapes were defined by sequences of 2D views (frames) of dots on a rotating 3D surface. (1) Subjects' accuracy of shape identifications dropped from over 90% to less than 10% when either the polarity of the stimulus dots was alternated from light-on-gray to dark-on-gray on successive frames or...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Dosher BA,Landy MS,Sperling G

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Bezold-Brücke phenomenon was measured during the cone-plateau period of the long-term dark-adaptation curve at 25 degrees, 40 degrees and 60 degrees in the nasal field of view, and at 40 degrees and 70 degrees in the temporal field. In striking contrast to previous measurements of the B-B phenomenon the present re...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Stabell B,Stabell U

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of high-level models of visual object categorization have left unresolved issues of neurobiological relevance, including how features are extracted from the image and the role played by memory capacity in categorization performance. We compared the ability of a comprehensive set of models to match the categori...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Peters RJ,Gabbiani F,Koch C

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Investigations of binocular visual direction have concentrated mainly on stationary objects. Eye positions were generally not measured and binocular fixation was assumed to be perfect. During the viewing of stationary objects, vergence errors are not negligible but small. During the viewing of moving objects, however,...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Erkelens CJ,Van EE R

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Taurine transporter knockout mice show severe retinal degeneration at an early age. The study was designed to determine whether degeneration also takes place in the absence of light. Mice were maintained up to 6 weeks of age in cyclic lighting or in total darkness. Degeneration took place in both groups, but...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Rascher K,Servos G,Berthold G,Hartwig HG,Warskulat U,Heller-Stilb B,Häussinger D

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00