Abstract:
:Very rapid amplification of DNA by PCR in small volumes can be continuously monitored by the detection of the binding of probes with a rapid cycler with built-in fluorometric detection. Primers were designed to amplify approximately 100 bp of the polymerase gene of hepatitis B virus (HBV) spanning codon 550, where mutations associated with resistance to lamivudine invariably occur. Four hybridization probes were synthesized: one was 3' labelled with fluorescein and hybridized upstream of codon 550. The others were 5' labelled with Cy5 and 3' labelled with biotin and spanned codon 550. The Cy5-labelled oligonucleotides contained either wild-type (ATG) or mutant (GTG or ATT) sequences. A Cy5-labelled probe and either the fluorescein-labelled probe or Sybr Green 1 (a compound that fluoresces when bound to double-stranded DNA) were included in each PCR. After completion of the amplification by using a LightCycler (Idaho Technology), the temperature at which the Cy5 probe melted from the product was determined in a melt program that took ca. 3 min. Pre- and posttreatment samples from eight patients (five chronic and three transplant) who failed lamivudine treatment were amplified, and the presence of mutations in codon 550 was determined by ABI sequencing and by using the LightCycler; in some cases PCR products were also cloned, and multiple clones were sequenced. Concordant results were obtained in all cases. We found the LightCycler to be better at resolving the sequences of genomic mixtures; for example, two samples showed a sequence at codon 550 of (A/G)T(G/T), which was found by fluorimetry to be mixtures of GTG and ATT but no ATG, and this finding was confirmed by the sequencing of clones. However, this approach was not more sensitive than population sequencing for the detection of the presence of mixtures. Overall, this pilot study has demonstrated an approach that could be an extremely rapid and economical method for the detection of lamivudine resistance-associated mutations in HBV.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Cane PA,Cook P,Ratcliffe D,Mutimer D,Pillay Ddoi
10.1128/AAC.43.7.1600subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-07-01 00:00:00pages
1600-8issue
7eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
43pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The syringopeptins are a group of antimicrobial cyclic lipodepsipeptides produced by several plant-associated pseudomonads. A novel syringopeptin, SP508, was shown to be produced as two homologs (A and B) by Pseudomonas syringae pv. lachrymans strain 508 from apple and to structurally resemble syringopeptin SP22. SP50...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.49.12.5037-5045.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The association of an IS440-sul3 platform with Tn21 class 1 integrons carried by IncI1 plasmids encoding extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs; mainly SHV-12 and CTX-M-14) among worldwide Escherichia coli clones of phylogroups A (ST10, ST23, and ST46), B1 (ST155, ST351, and ST359), and D/B2 (ST131) is reported. An in ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01448-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the influences of antimicrobial agents on the colonization of the respiratory tract and infection with Enterococcus faecalis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving mechanical respiration for at least 3 days. In a matched-cohort analysis, patients receiving topical antimicrobial prophylaxis (TAP) of...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.39.12.2783
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNA sequences of two plasmids carrying vanA, pVEF1 (39,626 bp) and pVEF2 (39,714 bp), were determined. Forty-three shared coding sequences were identified, and the only nucleotide difference was an 88-bp indel. A postsegregational killing system was identified. This system possibly explains the persistence of the ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00557-06
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro surveys of antimicrobial resistance among clinically important anaerobes are an important source of information that can be used for clinical decisions in the choice of empiric antimicrobial therapy. This study surveyed the susceptibilities of 556 clinical anaerobic isolates from four large medical centers us...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.45.4.1238-1243.2001
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::AmBisome (ABLP) is a unilamellar liposomal preparation of amphotericin B that has demonstrated an improved safety profile compared to conventional amphotericin B. Single- and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics were determined by using noncompartmental methods for rats administered ABLP at 1, 3, 9, and 20 mg/kg/day. The to...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) does not infect or replicate in nonhuman cells and tissues, there are few animal models currently available for evaluation of antiviral therapies for these infections. In the present studies, we utilized two different models in which severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice were i...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.48.5.1749-1755.2004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biosynthetic gene cluster of the aminocoumarin antibiotic coumermycin A(1) was cloned by screening of a cosmid library of Streptomyces rishiriensis DSM 40489 with heterologous probes from a dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase gene, involved in deoxysugar biosynthesis, and from the aminocoumarin resistance gyrase gene gyr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.11.3040-3048.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor UC781 is under development as a potential microbicide to prevent sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Two gel formulations of UC781 (0.1% and 1.0%) were evaluated in a range of preclinical safety assessments, including systemic absorption...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00984-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Propolis, a resinous bee product, has been shown to inhibit the growth of oral microorganisms and the activity of bacterium-derived glucosyltransferases (GTFs). Several compounds, mainly polyphenolics, have been identified in this natural product. The present study evaluated the effects of distinct chemical groups fou...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.5.1302-1309.2002
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An international interlaboratory quality control program for measurement of antiretroviral drugs was initiated. The first round was confined to protease inhibitors and showed large variability in the performance of participating laboratories. The results demonstrate the need for and utility of an ongoing quality contr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.3.884-886.2002
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Establishing an effective empirical antifungal therapy requires that national surveillance studies be conducted. Herein, we report the clinical outcome of infections with and the microbiological features of Iranian isolates of Candidaglabrata derived from patients suffering from candidemia. C. glabrata isolates were r...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.02503-18
更新日期:2019-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcin 462 is a proteinaceous inhibitor produced by Staphylococcus aureus strain 462. In broth cultures, susceptible S. aureus strain 140 and 19 respond to treatment with the bacteriocin by stopping growth and cell division. Examination of macromolecular synthesis by measuring the incorporation of radioactive ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.7.1.74
更新日期:1975-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We collected 1,353 strains of beta-hemolytic streptococci of groups A, B, C, and G (1,176 strains of which were group A) isolated in 26 institutions throughout Japan in 1972-1974. The strains were grouped and T-typed by our specific group-and T-factor sera, and the minimal inhibitory concentrations of 10 antibiotics w...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.13.3.399
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Magainins are novel polycationic peptides with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, including activity against gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteremia can elicit endotoxic shock that is associated with the increased formation of eicosanoids. Inhibition of eicosanoid synthesis has been shown to improve the o...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.3.393
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oseltamivir is the most widely used anti-influenza drug. In the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, in which the influenza viruses were oseltamivir sensitive, obesity was identified as a risk factor for severe disease and unfavorable outcomes. The aim of this study was to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of oseltamivir and ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/AAC.01786-13
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance to metronidazole, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin (amoxicilline) was found in 82, 3.8, and 1.9% of 106 Helicobacter pylori isolates, respectively. No tetracycline-resistant isolates were found. In all of the clarithromycin-resistant isolates, only one point mutation was present, either A2143G or A2142G. Our...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00145-09
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seven clinical isolates of Shigella sonnei with reduced susceptibilities to fluoroquinolones (sparfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin) were obtained. The MICs of fluoroquinolones against these S. sonnei strains were 16 to 32 times higher than those obtained against typical strains that are highly susceptible to the...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.37.11.2486
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activities of sparfloxacin, azithromycin, temafloxacin, and rifapentine against two virulent strains of the Mycobacterium avium complex isolated from patients with AIDS were evaluated in a model of intracellular infection and were compared with that of clarithromycin. Human monocyte-derived macrophages were infect...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.35.7.1356
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The need for novel antibacterial strategies and the awareness of the importance of quorum sensing (QS) in bacterial infections have stimulated research aimed at identifying QS inhibitors (QSIs). However, clinical application of QSIs identified so far is still distant, likely due to their unsuitability for use in human...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01952-12
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women in the second half of pregnancy, who were infected with genital mycoplasmas and who gave written informed consent, were randomly assigned to receive capsules of identical appearance containing erythromycin estolate, clindamycin hydrochloride, or a placebo for 6 weeks. Levels of serum glutamic oxalacetic transami...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1128/aac.12.5.630
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Use of combinations of antimicrobials that together achieve synergistic activities against targeted microorganisms is one potential strategy for overcoming bacterial resistance. As the incidence of infections caused by multidrug-resistant staphylococci and enterococci increases, the importance of devising additional s...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.8.2606-2612.2002
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) continues to rise in concert with increasing numbers of immune suppression techniques to treat other medical conditions and transplantation. Despite these advances, morbidity and mortality rates remain unacceptably high. One strategy used to optimize outcomes is antifungal pharma...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01355-13
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of extracellular DNA in the maintenance of biofilms formed by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was studied. This study evaluated all the bacterial strains that were tested for the presence of extracellular DNA with an average size of 30 kb in the matrix. Our results indicate changes in community bioma...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00471-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrophilic albumin microspheres are proposed as a new delivery system for amphotericin B (AMB; AMB microspheres). The acute toxicity of AMB microspheres was lower than that of the AMB-deoxycholate (AMB-Doc) reference formulation in hamsters. Lethal doses in healthy and infected animals were improved at least eight ti...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.9.3246-3252.2004
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oral administration of 2'-deoxy-3'-oxa-4'-thiocytidine (BCH-10652), a nucleoside analog structurally similar to lamivudine (3TC), caused dose-dependent inhibition of viral replication in SCID-hu Thy/Liv mice infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 NL4-3 and with an NL4-3 clone containing the M184V mutation i...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.3.783-786.2000
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminoglycoside acetyltransferase was detected in Mycobacterium kansasii and M. fortuitum but not in M. avium-M. intracellulare when they were screened by a radioassay. Aminoglycoside phosphotransferase and nucleotidyltransferase activities were absent from all three species tested. Acetyltransferases from both M. kans...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.44.1.39-42.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viridans group streptococci (VGS) are part of the normal flora that may cause bacteremia, often leading to endocarditis. We evaluated daptomycin against four clinical strains of VGS (MICs = 1 or 2 μg/ml) using an in vitro-simulated endocardial vegetation model, a simulated bacteremia model, and kill curves. Daptomycin...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.04219-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interpretive agreements among the results of fluconazole broth microdilution tests, Etests, and disk diffusion tests were documented by evaluating 495 Candida spp. Microdilution reference test results were in agreement with 96% of the Etest results; most discrepancies were minor differences. Fluconazole resistance of ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.6.1781-1784.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Strains of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium DT104 (DT104) and S. enterica serovar Agona (Agona) have been found to harbor Salmonella genomic island 1 (SGI1), a 43-kb genomic region that contains many of the drug resistance genes. Such strains are resistant to ampicillin (pse-1), chlorampheni...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.46.6.1714-1722.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00