Abstract:
:We studied the influences of antimicrobial agents on the colonization of the respiratory tract and infection with Enterococcus faecalis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients receiving mechanical respiration for at least 3 days. In a matched-cohort analysis, patients receiving topical antimicrobial prophylaxis (TAP) of the oropharynx and stomach with antimicrobial agents not treating E. faecalis were compared with patients not receiving TAP. Patients were matched with controls on the basis of their duration in the ICU, their use of systemic antibiotics treating and not treating E. faecalis, the administration of TAP, their APACHE II score, and surgical procedures they had undergone. In all, 276 patients were analyzed. The colonization of the oropharynx and/or trachea by E. faecalis at admission was demonstrated for 43 patients (16%). Twenty patients (9%) acquired tracheal colonization and 91 patients (40%) acquired oropharyngeal colonization with E. faecalis. In the matched-cohort analysis, 43 patients receiving TAP were matched in two controls each. TAP patients more frequently acquired tracheal colonization (15 of 43 versus 2 of 86 patients, P < 0.00001) and infections with E. faecalis (6 of 43 versus 1 of 86 patients, P < 0.01). The use of topical antibiotics and treating E. faecalis increased the risk for colonization and infection with E. faecalis.
journal_name
Antimicrob Agents Chemotherjournal_title
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapyauthors
Bonten MJ,Gaillard CA,van Tiel FH,van der Geest S,Stobberingh EEdoi
10.1128/aac.39.12.2783subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-12-01 00:00:00pages
2783-6issue
12eissn
0066-4804issn
1098-6596journal_volume
39pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The main aim of this study was to develop a standardized experimental assay to enable differential antimicrobial comparisons of test biocidal aerosols. This study represents the first chlorine-matched comparative assessment of the antimicrobial activities of aerosolized sodium hypochlorite, chlorine dioxide, and elect...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.02589-12
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abstract::Mycobacterium abscessus is intrinsically resistant to many antimycobacterial antibiotics, which presents serious problems in therapy. Here, we describe the development of a novel phenotype-based microscopic and computerized imaging drug screening approach. A pilot screen of 568 compounds from two libraries identified ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::Francisella tularensis, a bacterium which causes tularemia in humans, is classified as a CDC category A bioterrorism agent. In this study, we demonstrate that celecoxib, an anti-inflammatory cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor in clinical use, exhibits activity against a type A strain of F. tularensis (Schu S4), the live vacci...
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journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::This study investigates the role of active efflux system MexXY in the emergence of aminoglycoside (AG) resistance among cystic fibrosis (CF) isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Three genotypically related susceptible and resistant (S/R) bacterial pairs and three other AG-resistant CF strains were compared to four non-...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/aac.48.5.1676-1680.2004
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abstract::The physical and nutritional requirements of the antibiotic-producing slime mold Physarum gyrosum were examined to develop a liquid medium for this myxomycete. Liquid culture is desired to expedite a useful scale of production of antibiotic materials for ease of isolation and structure study. Culture conditions were s...
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abstract::WR99210, a dihydrofolate reductase inhibitor, has promising in vitro activity against Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). The in vitro activities of WR99210 alone and in combination with a fixed concentration of dapsone (0.5 microgram/ml) were evaluated against 35 clinical MAC isolates by a broth dilution method. The M...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Miltefosine (MT) is a membrane-active alkylphospholipid licensed for the topical treatment of breast cancer skin metastases and the oral treatment of leishmaniasis, although its mechanism of action remains unclear. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy of a spin-labeled lipid and a thiol-specific spin lab...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::Two of the most common causes of inflammatory enteritis are Campylobacter fetus subsp. jejuni and Shigella species. No single antimicrobial agent is recommended for treatment of both diseases. Erythromycin is used to treat C. fetus subsp. jejuni infections but has not been studied in shigellosis. For this reason, we d...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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doi:10.1128/aac.21.2.347
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A fosmid library from genomic DNA of Streptomyces viridochromogenes DSM 40736 was constructed and screened for the presence of genes known to be involved in the biosynthesis of phosphinothricin tripeptide (PTT). Eight positives were identified, one of which was able to confer PTT biosynthetic capability upon Streptomy...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::Nephrotoxicity is the primary adverse effect of the polymyxins. The relative rates of toxicity of polymyxin B and colistin have not been fully elucidated, especially in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). A retrospective cohort study of adults treated with polymyxin B or colistin for at least 48 h was conducted. The p...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::Three procedures were presented for appraising the ability of antibacterial chemicals and formulations to suppress the growth of microorganisms on human skin. In each of these, the microflora was quantified after the skin had been occlusively covered for a day or more, a circumstance which, in the absence of a deterre...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.5.3.323
更新日期:1974-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of the evolution of drug target genes under changing drug policy is needed to assist monitoring of Plasmodium falciparum drug resistance in the field. Here we genotype Pfcrt and Pfdmr1 of 700 isolates collected in French Guiana from 2000 (5 years after withdrawal of chloroquine) to 2008, i.e., the period when...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.05280-11
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sordarin derivatives constitute a new group of synthetic antifungal agents that selectively inhibit fungal protein synthesis. They have demonstrated in vitro activity against the most important fungal pathogens, both yeast and filamentous. This new family of compounds has also shown in vivo activity against murine Can...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.45.10.2787-2792.2001
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated fleroxacin, a newer fluoroquinolone, against isolates from sputum from patients with cystic fibrosis. These isolates included rough and mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas cepacia, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae, and Escherichia coli. Selected isolates were tested by the broth microd...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.34.10.1880
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early studies of immobilized peptides mainly focused upon the relationship between structural properties and the activity of soluble and surface-tethered sequences. The intention of this study was to analyze the influence of immobilization parameters upon the activity profile of peptides. Resin beads (TentaGel S NH(2)...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01254-08
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diethylpyrocarbonate (DEPC) treatment of interferon (IF) inducers was studied both in vitro and in vivo. DEPC did not affect the antiviral activity of poly(I.C), statolon, or reovirus in cultured chicken embryo fibroblast cells, but the activities of poly(I.C), statolon, and MU9 replicative form in cultured mouse embr...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.9.4.675
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::By the time-kill curve method, the combination of N-formimidoyl thienamycin and gentamicin showed synergism against 47 of 48 strains of enterococci, whereas the combination of N-formimidoyl thienamycin and tobramycin was synergistic against 46 strains. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.22.6.1082
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Real-time quantitative PCR was used to measure expression levels of genes encoding efflux pumps, ERG11 and two control genes, ACT1 and PMA1, in a collection of 14 fluconazole-susceptible Candida albicans isolates. For each gene, average expression levels and variations within the population were determined. These valu...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.48.6.2124-2131.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found a heterozygous C2857T mutation (R953C) in polymerase gamma (Pol-γ) in an HIV-infected patient with mitochondrial toxicity. The R953C Pol-γ mutant binding affinity for dCTP is 8-fold less than that of the wild type. The R953C mutant shows a 4-fold decrease in discrimination of analog nucleotides relative to th...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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abstract::A clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from the lower respiratory tract of an 81-year-old patient hospitalized in Belgium was sent to the national reference center to determine its resistance mechanism. PCR sequencing identified a new GES variant, GES-18, which differs from the carbapenem-hydrolyzing e...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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abstract::We have previously identified a target site in HIV-1 RNA that was particularly accessible to a ribozyme and a short hairpin RNA (shRNA). To design small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting this site, we evaluated the effects of siRNAs with different lengths on HIV-1 production. The potency and efficacy of these siRNAs...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00949-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Parasitic diseases are of enormous public health significance in developing countries-a situation compounded by the toxicity of and resistance to many current chemotherapeutics. We investigated a focused library of 18 structurally diverse bis-acridine compounds for in vitro bioactivity against seven protozoan and one ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.01418-06
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae have been isolated which are highly resistant to tetracycline (MICs of 16 to 64 micrograms/ml). This resistance was due to the acquisition of the resistance determinant tetM, a transposon-borne determinant initially found in the genus Streptococcus and more recently in Mycopl...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.30.5.664
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial lock solutions are important for prevention of microbial colonization and infection of long-term central venous catheters. We investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel antibiotic-free lock solution formed from gas plasma-activated disinfectant (PAD). Using a luminal biofilm model, viable cells of m...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AAC.00744-18
更新日期:2018-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of a mission hospital on the evolution of antibiotic resistance in coliform bacteria from a remote antibiotic-free Xhosa community and environment is described. ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aac.10.3.567
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most surveys for class 1 integrons are at least partly predicated on PCR screening that targets integron conserved regions. However, class 1 integrons are structurally diverse, so dependence on conserved regions may lead to missing clinically relevant examples of class 1 integrons. Here, we surveyed a commensal popula...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ramoplanin is an actinomycetes-derived antibiotic with broad-spectrum activity against Gram-positive bacteria that has been evaluated in clinical trials for the treatment of gastrointestinal vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) and Clostridium difficile infections. Recent studies have proposed that ramoplanin binds ...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
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更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current voriconazole dosing recommendation in adolescents is based on limited efficacy and pharmacokinetic data. To confirm the appropriateness of dosing adolescents like adults, a pharmacokinetic study was conducted in 26 immunocompromised adolescents aged 12 to <17 years following intravenous (IV) voriconazole t...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphotericin B colloidal dispersion (ABCD) is a new formulation of conventional amphotericin B designed to minimize drug distribution in the kidney and reduce nephrotoxicity. We studied the safety and efficacy of ABCD in 133 renally compromised patients with invasive fungal infections. Patients had either nephrotoxici...
journal_title:Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1128/AAC.42.3.606
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00