Abstract:
:The effects of insecticidal control programs for grasshoppers on the population density of birds were assessed under operational conditions in two rangeland sites in Wyoming during an outbreak (19 to 56 grasshoppers m(-2) on >1,500 ha). Malathion, carbaryl, and fipronil were evaluated using large-scale (>/=260 ha) reduced agent-area treatments (RAAT), in which these chemicals were applied at 50% of the standard rate (except fipronil, for which there is no standard in North America) to 80, 50, and 33% of the areas (alternating treated and untreated swaths), respectively. Grasshopper population densities were reduced by 73 to 99%, at 14 and 28 days after treatment. Significant differences among treatments within the sites were apparent, and despite disparities in the vegetation, topography, and grasshopper populations between sites, some consistent patterns of response by bird populations were found. Relative to pretreatment densities and untreated plots, at 14 days after treatment, bird densities were enhanced at one site and suppressed at the other; at 28 days after treatment bird populations were generally suppressed at both sites. However, absolute densities increased in some plots, indicating that birds still had adequate food. There appeared to be no relationship between posttreatment grasshopper and bird densities, perhaps due to the large initial insect populations. Fipronil plots generally had higher avian population densities (nongregarious insectivores and total birds) than carbaryl plots, which had bird densities greater than or equal to malathion plots. These differences were probably a function of both the toxicological properties of the compounds and the proportion of the infested land that was treated. Based on these findings, we must consider the possibility that compounds with relatively high toxicity to birds and long residual effects applied to widely spaced swaths may cause no more (or perhaps less) environmental impact than less toxic and persistent insecticides that must be applied to large proportions of infested rangeland. http://link.springer-ny. com/link/service/journals/00244/bibs/37n4p519.html++ +HEA
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Norelius EE,Lockwood JAdoi
10.1007/s002449900547subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
519-28issue
4eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703pii
98-231journal_volume
37pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The various high performance liquid chromatographic techniques for the detection of aflatoxins in foodstuffs are examined. The need for resolution, selectivity, and sensitivity is emphasized and examples from the literature are used to illustrate this need. Examples include both normal and reversed-phase techniques. S...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01062354
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Artisanal and small-scale gold-mining activities performed in mountain areas of the Southern Ecuadorian Amazon have incorporated several heavy metals into the aquatic systems, thus increasing the risk of exposure in populations living in adjacent zones. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the contam...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-016-0285-5
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of temperature variation on the humoral immune response using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) was investigated. The fish was exposed to 1% concentration (v/v in water) of paper and pulp mill effluent under standard laboratory conditions in glass aquaria. Ef...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010172
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylmercury cation (MeHg) and divalent mercury (Hg++) accumulation in liver, kidney, and brain were quantified in prairie voles (Microtus ochrogaster) at 0, 3, 6, and 12 weeks during chronic exposure to aqueous MeHg. Dose groups received deionized water or aqueous solutions containing 9, 103, or 920 ng MeHg/ml. Our ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0006-6
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphate treatment of lead-contaminated soil may be a cost-effective remedial alternative for in situ stabilizing soil Pb and reducing Pb toxicology to human. The leaching behaviors of the P added to soil surface and the effect on subsurface Pb bioaccessibility must be addressed for this remedial technology to be acc...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-002-1197-0
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible enzyme, degrades heme to carbon monoxide (CO), iron, and bilirubin. We have investigated the relationship among HO-1 protein expression, HO activity, and CO concentrations in the hippocampus of CO-exposed rats. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed that the enzyme is ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9524-3
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailability of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb from two metal-contaminated sediments (Bidassoa and Dunkerque) was studied using Crassostrea gigas larvae exposed to sediment elutriates. The metal contents within the sediments, the larvae and larval growth, the condition index, and the induction of metallothionein in the lar...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0046-y
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to determine the spatiotemporal patterns in water quality of River Soan using multivariate statistics. A total of 26 sites were surveyed along River Soan and its associated tributaries during pre- and post-monsoon seasons in 2008. Hierarchical agglomerative cluster analysis (HACA) classi...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-016-0272-x
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To monitor the exposure of Canadian populations, Health Canada has carried out six major surveys of breast milk contaminants, beginning in 1967. In these national surveys, breast milk was collected from nursing mothers at various times in their nursing period, and the concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons were me...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900434
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Transitional waterbodies, such as estuaries, are highly diversified environments with respect to ecology, geophysics, and nature of anthropogenic impacts. This spatial heterogeneity may pose important constraints when developing monitoring programmes for aquatic pollution. The present study compared three distinct coa...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-012-9812-1
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of multiple routes of cadmium exposure on juvenile American toads (Bufo americanus) were evaluated using environmentally relevant concentrations. During or after exposure, toads were individually hibernated for 172 days at approximately 4degreesC. The following experiments were conducted: (1) dermal exposu...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-003-3005-x
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cadmium (Cd) inhibited the activities of Na(+)-K+ ATPase (IC50 = 5.0 x 10(-5) M), K(+)-p-nitrophenyl phosphatase (PNPPase) (IC50 = 4.0 x 10(-5) M) and 3H-ouabain binding (IC50 = 7.5 x 10(-5) M) in rat brain microsomes. Monothiols (cysteine but not glutathione and D-penicillamine) and dithiols (dimercaprol, dimercaptos...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212567
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied distribution of pentachlorophenol (PCP)--a major environmental pollutant--between egg-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC) membranes and water. The objectives were (1) to compare the membrane-water partition of the un-ionized (HA) and ionized (A) PCP, and (2) to establish similarities and differences between t...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00210732
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Children living in Coatzacoalcos, Veracruz, and in nearby surrounding areas are exposed to a mixture of pollutants from different sources. Previous studies in the area have reported genotoxic and haematotoxic compounds, such as lead (Pb), benzene, toluene, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), in environmental ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-014-9999-4
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To identify the best material (soil or dust) to be selected for health-risk assessment studies, road dust and urban soil from three cities with different population densities were collected, and size fractions were analysed for metal content (Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, Cr, Co, and Ni). Results showed similar distribution of the ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-017-0413-x
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endosulfan sulfate is a persistent environmental metabolite of endosulfan, an organochlorine insecticide-acaricide presently registered by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. There is, however, limited acute fish toxicity data for endosulfan sulfate. This study determines the acute toxicity (LC₅₀s and L...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9623-1
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present project is to determine the feasibility of measuring hepatic cytochrome P4501A1 (CYP1A1) and metallothionein (MT) mRNA in fish as an integrative measurement of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) and heavy metal contamination in sediment arising in Hong Kong. Sediment samples were collected fro...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449910064
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of sediment-bound toxicants to aquatic invertebrates may vary due to differences in bioavailability, food quality, or food structure. The equilibrium partitioning theory (EPT) assumes that organic matter content of sediments and not structure of organic matter is relevant for biological effects of polycycl...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010109
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute toxicity tests of selenium dioxide were conducted for 96 to 336 hr in intermittent-flow bioassay systems using six species of freshwater fish. The decreasing order of species sensitivity was: fathead minnow, flagfish, brook trout, channel catfish, goldfish, and bluegil. Curves relating median lethal concentratio...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02221018
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Army is replacing traditional munitions with insensitive munitions (IM) resistant to accidental detonation. The aquatic toxicity of 1-methyl-3-nitroguanidine (MeNQ), which is being assessed for potential use in IM formulations, remains largely untested. The present study fills a number of critical data gaps for Me...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-020-00796-x
更新日期:2021-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Within their aquatic habitats, larval amphibians are often subjected to multiple natural and anthropic stressors. Among these, predation and waterborne pollution represent two types of stressing factor that frequently co-occur. In this connection, the present laboratory study was designed to investigate the effects of...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0229-6
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::One-year-old whitefish, Coregonus lavaretus, were exposed to three types of iron-rich water, two dilutions for each, in a subchronic (30-day) experiment. In natural iron-rich humic water, both the bioaccumulation and physiological effects of iron exposure were negligible. In humic-free water with high amount of additi...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900506
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was implemented to determine if western mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) populations in the Grassland Water District suffer from impaired reproduction because of seleniferous inflows of agricultural drainwater from the Grassland Bypass Project. During June to July 2001, laboratory trials with pregnant female...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-004-2051-3
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated interactions between low pH, high nitrate level, and ultraviolet-B (UV-B) light on the survival and activity level of larval Cascades frogs (Rana cascadae). We used a fully factorial experimental design, with pH levels of 5 and 7; initial "pulse" nitrate exposure levels of 0, 5, and 20 mg/L; and UV-B p...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010132
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of seven perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCAs) and three perfluoroalkyl sulfonates (PFASs) was studied in raw- and treated-water samples from public water systems. Two sampling campaigns were performed during the summer of 2009 and in June 2010. Sampling was equally distributed across the 100 French depar...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-012-9754-7
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substances derived from anthropogenic activities induce changes in the physical and chemical characteristics of the aquatic environment. Physicochemical and biological studies are necessary to understand how changes in landscape affect the health of the aquatic environment. The main goal of this study was to evaluate ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-018-00593-7
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lake Oubeira has been used as the main source of drinking water for many communities in the East of Algeria. In this lake, nutrient loading coupled with year-round warm weather favors the growth of cyanobacteria, several of which can produce cyanotoxins, especially the potent liver toxins called microcystins (MCYSTs)....
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-003-2283-7
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the possible phenotypic defects from barium exposure, a model organism, Caenorhabditis elegans, was chosen to analyze the multiple toxicities in barium-exposed animals. Endpoints of life span, body size, brood size, generation time, head thrash, and body bend were selected for the assessment of barium toxic...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-007-9050-0
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-seven pesticide workers with elevated blood levels of dieldrin (greater than or equal to 15 ppb) were involved in a case-control study which included history and physical examination, comprehensive neurological evaluation, laboratory tests, and psychological and psychomotor testing. No clinically important diff...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01057573
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seventeen sewage sludges were studied to analyse, with the minimum number of steps, the organic pollutants that the European Union proposes to be controlled for land application. The compounds determined were a selection of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); a selection of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs); di(2-...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0081-8
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00