Abstract:
:The influence of temperature variation on the humoral immune response using the plaque-forming cell (PFC) assay in freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) was investigated. The fish was exposed to 1% concentration (v/v in water) of paper and pulp mill effluent under standard laboratory conditions in glass aquaria. Effect of effluent exposure on the organ weight and organ cellularity was also evaluated. In general, lower temperature in winter produced a subdued response in control as well as experimental group. At higher temperature of summer and rainy seasons, an elevated response was observed. It was revealed that though suppressive effect of effluent was evident during all the seasons, in summer, extent of suppression was greater as compared to winter. Paper and pulp mill effluent exposure resulted in a decrease in the splenic and pronephric (head kidney) cellularity, with more pronounced effect in the summer season. We also studied the effects of the length of exposure on various parameters. Fish were exposed for 15, 30, 60, and 90 days to effluent. Short-term exposure for 15 days induced an elevated PFC response, but change was not statistically significant. Conversely, the exposure for 30, 60, and 90 days significantly reduced (p < 0.05-0.001) the PFC response. Long-term exposure also caused significant reduction (p < 0.05-0.01) in the weights of lymphoid organs (spleen, head kidney, and total kidney). These results show a suppressive effect of chemical constituents of paper and pulp mill effluent on the immune functions. Furthermore, results demonstrated that though modulatory effect of the temperature on immune functions is recognized, it was not a major contributory factor to the elevated immunotoxicity of paper and pulp mill effluent in the seasons of high temperature.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Fatima M,Ahmad I,Siddiqui R,Raisuddin Sdoi
10.1007/s002440010172subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-02-01 00:00:00pages
271-6issue
2eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This work aimed to use seabirds as bioindicators of trace element levels in the tropical waters and food webs of the Western Indian Ocean. The accumulation patterns of selected toxic (Cd and Hg) and essential (Cu, Fe, Mn, Se, and Zn) elements were determined in liver, kidney, and pectoral muscle of 162 marine birds be...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-005-0225-2
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlorinated phenols and anilines were transformed by oxidoreductive catalysts with release of chloride ions in both the absence and the presence of humic substances (syringaldehyde, catechol, and humic acid). Dehalogenation of these xenobiotics resulted from oxidative coupling reactions occurring at the chlorinated si...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449910054
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Residential use of pesticides has increased substantially in the United States over the past twenty years. Contact with pesticide-treated turf may result in dermal exposures, particularly among children. This study evaluated wipe sampling and foliar wash techniques to measure chlorpyrifos on turf following insecticida...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00212441
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A liquid chromatography-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the determination of antibiotics in water was developed and applied to Brazilian surface waters. Amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefalexin (CEF), ciprofloxacin (CIP), norfloxacin (NOR), sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline (TET), and trimethoprim w...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9550-1
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied distribution of pentachlorophenol (PCP)--a major environmental pollutant--between egg-phosphatidylcholine (egg-PC) membranes and water. The objectives were (1) to compare the membrane-water partition of the un-ionized (HA) and ionized (A) PCP, and (2) to establish similarities and differences between t...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00210732
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence and spatial distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Buffalo River Estuary in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa were assessed in this study. A total of 60 surface water and 19 sediment samples were collected from 5 sites of the estuary over a period of 6 months (December 201...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-019-00617-w
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secondary effects of a single dose of the insecticide Dursban 4E (active ingredient chlorpyrifos) were studied in indoor experimental freshwater ecosystems intended to mimic drainage ditches. Two experiments were performed, one in which all model ecosystems were dominated by the macrophyte Elodea muttallii, and one us...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203801
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agricultural edge-of-field runoff usually contaminates surface waters with particle-associated pesticides. However, the acute and chronic effects on the aquatic macroinvertebrate communities have rarely been addressed. Outdoor flow-through stream microcosms were exposed for 1 h in triplicate to approximately 3.1 g/L o...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002440010200
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An enzyme which catalyzed the hydrolysis of crotoxyphos ((E)-1-phenylethyl 3-[(dimethoxyphosphinyl)oxy]-2-butenoate) was isolated from nonsterile and radiation-sterilized Chehalis clay loam with 1.5M Tris (2-(hydroxymethyl)-2-nitro-1,3-propanediol) and partially purified with lead acetate treatment. Two soil-g equival...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01054868
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pilot whales strand periodically along the U.S. coast, and these strandings offer an opportunity for the collection of tissues for biomonitoring of contaminant exposure in cetaceans, as well as for specimen archiving. Concentrations of organochlorine (OC) contaminants (e.g., PCB congeners, pesticides, DDTs) were measu...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900497
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil persistence and lateral movement of 2,4-D (2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) and picloram (4-amino-3,5,6-trichloropicolinic acid) were examined following their application as a stem-foliage spray for brush control on two power line rights-of-way. Ditches to collect runoff water were located 3, 10, 20, and 30 m dow...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01059077
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outdoor air polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) concentrations were measured in upstate New York as part of a nonoccupational exposure investigation. The adjacent study communities of Hudson Falls and Fort Edward contain numerous sites of current and former PCB contamination, including two capacitor-manufacturing facilitie...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-007-9035-z
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We exposed larval southern leopard frogs (Rana sphenocephala) to lead-contaminated sediments to determine the lethal and sublethal effects of this metal. Tadpoles were laboratory-raised from early free-swimming stage through metamorphosis at lead concentrations of 45, 75, 180, 540, 2360, 3940, 5520, and 7580 mg/kg dry...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-005-0243-0
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chironomid mouthpart deformities and aberrations of their polytenic chromosomes are sublethal responses to toxic stress. These endpoints have been used in several cases as bioindications for sediment pollution. In the present study we aimed to establish whether there was an association between mouthpart deformities an...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-001-0040-3
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is difficult to determine the deposition levels of gaseous polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as even atmospheric PAHs mainly exist in the gas phase. Gaseous PAH fluxes across the air-water interface were measured in Merinos, Bursa, Turkey. Direct gaseous fluxes of PAHs were measured intermittently for the pe...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-007-9096-z
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The applicability of an in situ incubation method in monitoring the effects of metal mining on early life stages of fish was evaluated by investigating the impacts of a biomining technology utilizing mine on the mortality, growth, and yolk consumption of brown trout (Salmo trutta) and whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus) e...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-018-0558-2
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailability of Cd, Cu, Zn, and Pb from two metal-contaminated sediments (Bidassoa and Dunkerque) was studied using Crassostrea gigas larvae exposed to sediment elutriates. The metal contents within the sediments, the larvae and larval growth, the condition index, and the induction of metallothionein in the lar...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-006-0046-y
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seasonal changes in metal (Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn) concentrations were observed in the digestive gland of the Mediterranean mussel, Mytilus galloprovincialis, from both a polluted and a non-polluted population. Digestive gland of mussels from the polluted site showed metal concentrations appreciably higher than in non...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00203885
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffusive gradients in thin films (DGT) technique was used to determine pore water profile and to assess remobilization character of metals at sediment/water interface. The remobilization of Mn was due to redox reaction in profile, which engendered two large peaks: one with DGT concentration of 1355 µg L(-1) at depth ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-015-0184-1
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metals are known to induce oxidative damage by way of enhancement of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which often preludes the onset of alterations, such as protein carbonylation and DNA damage. In this study, our aim was to examine the early responses of land snails Eobania vermiculata to...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-010-9583-5
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicities and oxidative stress-inducing actions of (-)-nicotine and smokeless tobacco extract (STE), containing equivalent amounts of nicotine, were studied. Toxicities were determined by colony formation assays using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. Results indicated that nicotine is less toxic than smokeless ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900537
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to 0, 10, 30, and 70% (v/v) of a secondary-treated, integrated thermomechanical-bleached kraft pulp and paper mill effluent. The immunological parameters oxidative burst and phagocytosis of head kidney macrophages and total and differential circulating leukocyt...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-004-0093-1
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Copper production in the Bor region (east Serbia) during the last 100 years has influenced the quality of soil, water, and air. This pollution has endangered not only the biotope but all living organisms, including humans. Contents of arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) were analyzed in Betula sp. (birch) and Tillia sp. (li...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-013-9948-7
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxicity tests were performed to assess the effect of tannery wastewater with different treatment levels on two wetland plants, Phragmites australis and Typha latifolia, which are frequently used in constructed wetlands (CWs) for water treatment, and thus deepen the knowledge on their capacity to withstand the applica...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-007-9087-0
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mussels are used as bioindicators of chemical pollution in coastal and estuarine waters. We measured the concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), phthalate esters (PEs), butyltins, and metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, V, and Zn) in mussel tissues collected fro...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-009-9458-9
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trace elements were analyzed in organisms collected at five sampling stations along coastal areas of Linosa Island, Sicily (southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). Concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn were measured in Posidonia oceanica L. Delile tissues, the two brown algae Padina pavonica (L.) Thivy and Cystoseira sp.,...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-009-9331-x
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mink were fed diets that contained 0, 34, or 102 ppb (micrograms/kg) aflatoxins with or without 0.5% hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) and/or 1.0% activated charcoal (AC) for 77 days. Consumption of the diet that contained 34 ppb aflatoxins was lethal to 20% of the mink, while 102 ppb dietary aflatoxins ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01064418
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite safety protocols, crude oil extraction and transportation in the Amazon basin has a potential for inadvertent oil spills, which can impact aquatic organisms in local rivers. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of crude oil on juvenile Amazonian fish tambaqui, Colossoma macropomum, at various ...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-013-9894-4
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the contribution of two biomarkers, bile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) metabolites and 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD), activity in the assessment of PAH contaminated sites. European eels (Anguilla anguilla) were caged in a freshwater stream upstream and downstream from local indu...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00244-005-0064-1
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) have become an ubiquitous upper soil component as a consequence of industrialization involving a multitude of combustion processes. Ingestion of PAH contaminated soil is considered to be a major exposure route, specifically for small children living on these soils. Health risk as...
journal_title:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002449900259
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00