Abstract：
:As in other organs, homeostatic mechanisms become insufficient in the aging brain, in part because of reduced activity of various neurotransmitter systems. Counter-regulatory processes are therefore reduced and reactions to drugs may be increased. Aside from these pharmacodynamic mechanisms, the increased toxicity of psychotropic agents in the elderly may be a result of pharmacokinetic changes. The total clearance of a number of drugs is reduced in old age, hence steady-state plasma concentrations of these compounds will be increased when conventional doses are used. Because of these changes, the central nervous system is especially vulnerable in elderly. With tranquilizers and hypnotics, sedation is increased and cognitive function may decrease. The risk of falls and injuries is enhanced with all psychoactive drugs. In addition, response to agents with anticholinergic properties (classical antidepressants and neuroleptics) is increased in old age and is accompanied by peripheral symptoms such as urinary retention, obstipation, tachycardia and visual disturbances. In the central nervous system there may be impairment of intellectual capabilities, agitation, and ultimately delirium. Further, the undesirable cardiac effects of tricyclic antidepressants should be noted. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI) and moclobemide have an advantageous pharmacological profile compared to older antidepressants. Of the neuroleptics, the benefit-risk relation of the newer atypical agents appears to be more favorable than that of classical neuroleptics.
journal_name
Wien Klin Wochenschrjournal_title
Wiener klinische Wochenschriftauthors
Turnheim Ksubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-05-05 00:00:00pages
394-401issue
9eissn
0043-5325issn
1613-7671journal_volume
112pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:To evaluate the impact of the increase in consultation fees on malaria incidence in children presenting in the outpatient clinic of a privately funded hospital, we measured the impact of two fee increases on the number of pediatric outpatients. A 74% reduction in outpatients and a 78% reduction in malaria cases occurr...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF03040905
更新日期：2004-05-31 00:00:00
abstract：:An analysis of 28 cases of amanita phalloides poisoning serves as basis for a discussion of the clinical features and therapeutic problems involved. A critical review of recent experimental investigations in animals points to new possibilities in the treatment of amanita phalloides poisoning. ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1979-08-10 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Patients with localized prostate cancer are treated with 3D radiotherapy using a rectal balloon catheter for internal immobilization of the prostate, thereby reducing the radiation dose to the dorsal rectal wall. The purpose of the study was to investigate clinical feasibility and the influence of acute rectal ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00508-006-0588-z
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case is reported of a 26 year-old man with a colloid cyst of the third ventricle (paraphyseal cyst; neuroepithelial cyst), which gave rise to a fatal increase in intracranial pressure. Despite repeated hospitalisation the diagnosis was not established prior to death. This report serves as a reminder that this rare...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-20 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was undertaken to determine how amniotomy performed during different phases of delivery affects mother and child. 1504 out of 4770 birth recorded during one year at the University Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in Graz were analyzed. None of these was associated with the presence of risk factors a...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-06-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Adequate volume replacement therapy is a mainstay of managing the critically ill. The ideal kind of volume replacement in this situation still remains a challenge. In spite of an immense number of contributions to this problem there is still no definite answer. The ideal volume replacement strategy should not only aim...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF03040482
更新日期：2004-03-31 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In developed countries high socioeconomic status (SES) is associated with lower body mass index (BMI) and greater height compared with low SES. AIM:To investigate differences in BMI/height in adolescent students from two different school types with divergent SES backgrounds. METHODS:A total of 4579 student...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-019-1479-4
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thrombolytic therapy in acute ischemic stroke is safe and effective in a defined subgroup of stroke patients. Until now, different fibrinolytic substances including urokinase, streptokinase and recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rt-PA) have been tested regarding safety, efficacy, dosage and economic parameters ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological studies strongly imply that smoking is a risk factor for back problems. The question arises as to the nature of the underlying pathomechanism. Several theories are currently discussed in the literature: it could be due to "unhealthy" life styles associated with smoking, to a rise in intraabdominal pres...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports on a case of attempted suicide by the rare means of prolonged inhalation of fumes from heated mercury. The patient developed symptoms of acute intoxication over a period of 4 to 24 hours after the suicide attempt. This phase consisted of pulmonary, intestinal, psychopathological and neurological sig...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-08-26 00:00:00
abstract：:148 children with Salmonella gastroenteritis were admitted to the Mautner Markhofsches Kinderspital of Vienna in the 4-year period 1977 to 1980. The age distribution showed a marked prevalence of infants and young children. Salmonella Wien, typhi murium and enteritidis were the most commonly found Salmonella subtypes....
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Pleural effusions are found in 3 to 17% of patients with chronic pancreatitis. The most likely underlying pathogenetic mechanism is transdiaphragmatic lymphatic transfer of pancreatic secretions to the subpleural space, whilst a rare cause is the formation of pancreatico-pleural fistulae. The measurement of amylase ac...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-12-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Contrast media induced nephropathy is a common complication, particularly in high risk patients, such as patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes. The majority of studies show an increased in-hospital mortality and an unfavourable long-term prognosis after manifestation of contrast media induced nephrop...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00508-009-1145-3
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of diabetes is increasing in westernized countries. In addition, about half of all patients suffering from diabetes are not diagnosed. The current article represents the recommendations of the Austrian Diabetes Association for the screening and prevention of type 2 diabetes, based on currently available...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00508-016-0971-3
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its invention in 1986, the atomic force microscope (AFM) has become one of the most widely used near-field microscopes. Surfaces of hard samples are imaged almost routinely with atomic resolution. Soft biological surfaces, however, are still challenging. In this brief review, the AFM technique is introduced to t...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-06-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of Albert Wiedmann (1901 to 1970) towards the development of the Viennese Dermatological School are evaluated. The following main points of interest can be focused out of a large number of scientific papers; investigations in the field of venerology, innervation and nutrition of the skin (concept of t...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-12-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The laser machine and the unique quality of the laser beam are described. The basis of the medical application of laser is its capacity to concentrate large amounts of energy on a small volume of tissue, mostly resulting in thermal coagulation necrosis. The effect of monochromate laser radiation varies, depending on t...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-06-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelets from diabetics are known to be more sensitive in vitro to a variety of aggregating agents, to produce more prostaglandin endoperoxides and thromboxane and to bind more 125I-fibrinogen than platelets from normal controls Fibrinogen binding to platelets is a pre-requisite for platelet aggregation. Previous stu...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-04-04 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychotherapy plays an important role in the treatment of patients suffering from a personality disorder. It is known that many patients with personality disorders do not take up psychotherapy or drop out of treatment prematurely. The aim of the present study was the detection of factors in patients with per...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-010-1353-x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), the relationship between transaminases and myocardial damage detected by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging is unknown and the prognostic value incompletely investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS:CMR imaging was performed in 167 STEMI patients ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-015-0868-6
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first successful smallpox vaccination with cowpox lymph outside of England was carried out in Vienna--only ten months after the publication of Edward Jenner's book "An Inquiry into the Causes and Effects of the Variolae Vaccinae, a Disease ... known by the Name of the Cow Pox", and only a little more than three mo...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:In two groups of pts with diabetic derangements the effect of infusion therapy was investigated with regard to metabolic and endocrine functions. The rate of infusion was adapted to the height of the central venous pressure and the administration of electrolytes to their serum concentration. Insulin was withheld until...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1980-09-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Potent antituberculosis drugs and new endourological measures have changed the concept of management of urogenital tuberculosis. This paper presents a report on 56 patients treated with rifampicin, ethambutol and isoniazid for 1 year. Therapy was started in hospital and continued on an ambulatory basis. Reconstructive...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-09-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Leishmania spp. are the causative agents of visceral, cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniosis with several taxa ("species") of the genus Leishmania being involved in human disease. As diagnostics based on microscopical detection of the parasites or on serological tests are often unsatisfactory, also molecular biolog...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to investigate the association of urinary excretion of sodium and potassium with blood pressure, 72 prepubertal healthy children between 8 and 9 years were investigated in a cross sectional study. We determined anthropometric data, diastolic (DBP), and systolic blood pressure (SBP) and urinary excretion of so...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Arthroscopic reconstruction is a standard surgical procedure in cases of symptomatic knee instability due to rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament. Bone-tendon-bone and hamstring tendon grafts are both in use for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. There are no significant differences between the ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00508-010-1340-2
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case of pelviscopic hysterectomy with uterine hyperflexion and cervical elongation is presented. In this case we were forced to extirpate the cervical fascia because of uterine hemorrhage by laparotomy after the cervical tissue punch had been performed. The histological findings were supravaginal cervical glands. Co...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a prospective phase II study 15 patients suffering from anaplastic thyroid carcinoma or thyroid sarcoma were treated by surgery and chemotherapy. Chemotherapy varied according to age of the patient and histological subtype of the tumour. The following regimen was used: 100 mg/m2 BSA CDDP, 20 mg/m2 mitoxantrone and ...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-27 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence and significance of cardiac amyloidosis have been considerably underestimated in the past; however, the number of patients diagnosed with cardiac amyloidosis has increased significantly recently due to growing awareness of the disease, improved diagnostic capabilities and demographic trends. Specific th...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00508-020-01781-z
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Within recent years female sterilization has gained a place of great importance as an effective contraceptive method. Nowadays sterilization is hardly subject to any formal restrictions, but is solely the responsibility of the woman concerned, the couple or the physician. The indications for sterilization may be divid...
journal_title：Wiener klinische Wochenschrift
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-11-06 00:00:00
