Abstract:
:To evaluate new pharmacologic agents with potentially beneficial effects on posttraumatic spinal cord function, we used a modified weight drop (WD) technique to induce spinal cord injuries. These contusive spinal cord injuries in the rat closely mimic the human clinicopathologic situation. Especially for drug screening purposes, the moderate and mild injuries are of interest, as both the beneficial and potentially harmful effects of experimental treatment can be detected. In this study, we describe two new functional tests that were particularly designed to detect small differences in spinal cord function after moderate and mild injuries. First, for examination of locomotion, a computer analysis of the thoracolumbar height (TLH) was designed. Second, for investigation of the conduction properties of the injured rat spinal cord, we measured rubrospinal motor evoked potentials (MEP). The efficacy of the new assessment techniques to monitor spinal cord function was compared to Tarlov scores and to morphometric analysis of preserved white matter at the injury site. The results of this study indicated that for behavioral analysis, TLH measurements as compared with Tarlov rating appeared to be more sensitive for exact and objective discrimination between small differences in motor function. Amplitudes of the rubrospinal MEP, but not latencies or the number of peaks, proved to be most sensitive to determine subtle differences in posttraumatic spinal cord function. A significant linear correlation was found between TLH and amplitude of the rubrospinal MEP. We conclude that for objective assessment of the spinal cord after moderate and mild contusive injury, TLH and rubrospinal MEP amplitudes are very valuable measures to demonstrate small functional differences.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
van de Meent H,Hamers FP,Lankhorst AJ,Buise MP,Joosten EA,Gispen WHdoi
10.1089/neu.1996.13.741subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-01 00:00:00pages
741-54issue
12eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with loss of autoregulation due to impaired responsiveness to cerebrovascular dilator stimuli, which leads to cerebral hypoperfusion and neuronal impairment or death. Upregulation of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) post-TBI exacerbates loss of cerebral autoregulation and N...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2328
更新日期:2012-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::Many patients with mild traumatic brain injury (MTBI) concurrently sustain extracranial injuries; however, little is known about the impact of these additional injuries on outcome. We assessed the impact of additional injuries on the severity of postconcussional symptoms (PCS) and functional outcome 6 months post-inju...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.1561
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of sports activity on physically-disabled individuals using behavioral and electrophysiological techniques. Visual go/no-go discriminative and simple response tasks were used. Participants included 17 disabled athletes, 9 from open-skill (wheelchair basketball) and eight from closed-skill (s...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1501
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Return to living at home is an important patient-reported outcome following traumatic spinal cord injury (tSCI). Specialized inpatient rehabilitation assists such patients in maximizing function and independence. Our project aim was to describe those patients receiving specialized rehabilitation after tSCI in Canada, ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2016.4930
更新日期:2017-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::A retrospective case-control study was undertaken to determine the best technique to measure neural canal encroachment at each lumbar level following burst fracture and its relationship to the presence of neurologic deficit. Only patients with postinjury CT scans demonstrating a disrupted posterior body with a retropu...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.711
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fluid percussion (FP) brain injury causes spatial memory dysfunction in rats regardless of injury location (midline vs. lateral). Standard histological analysis of the injured brains shows hippocampal neuronal loss after lateral, but not midline FP injury. We have used the optical volume fractionator (OVF) stereologic...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771503770195786
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokine measurement directly from the brain parenchyma by means of microdialysis has documented the activation of certain procedures in vivo, after brain trauma in humans. However, the intercalation of the micro-catheter insertion with the phenomena triggered by the head trauma renders the assessment of the findings ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1790
更新日期:2011-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphorus 31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy (31P MRS) was used to study noninvasively the intracellular free Mg2+ concentration and cellular bioenergetic state of rat brain in vivo before and after fluid percussion-induced traumatic brain injury of graded severity. Brain injury was induced at four levels: low (1.0 +...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1988.5.315
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a ubiquitous nuclear protein that is passively released from damaged and necrotic cells, and actively released from immune cells. In contrast, cytochrome c is released from mitochondria in apoptotic cells, and is considered a reliable biomarker of apoptosis. Thus, HMGB1 and cytochr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.2171
更新日期:2012-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Anatomical studies of spinal cord injury (SCI) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) report diverging observations, from "no changes" to "tissue atrophy in motor and non-motor regions." These discrepancies among studies can be attributed to heterogeneity in extent, level, and post-injury duration observed within the ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6040
更新日期:2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in humans and rats induces measurable metabolic changes, including a sustained depression in cerebral glucose uptake. However, the effect of a mild TBI on brain glucose uptake is unclear, particularly in rodent models. This study aimed to determine the glucose uptake pat...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.2928
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that polyethylene glycol-conjugated superoxide dismutase (PEG-SOD) or lidocaine treatment before experimental fluid-percussion brain injury in rats reduces the cortical hypoperfusion normally found in the early posttraumatic period. The purpose of the current study was to ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1996.13.325
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite an improved understanding of traumatic head and neck injury mechanisms, the impact tests required by major motorcycle helmet standards have remained unchanged for decades. Development of new test methods must reflect the specific impact loads causing injury in real crashes as well as test criteria appropriate ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4208
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients sustaining severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) have variable long-term outcomes. We examined the association between Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) assessed at 3 months and long-term outcomes at 12 months after TBI. We studied 159 patients with severe, closed traumatic brain injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma pub_type: 杂志文章 doi:10.1089/neu.2005.22.947 更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials aimed at developing therapies for traumatic brain injury (TBI) require outcome measures that are reliable, validated, and easily administered. The most widely used of these measures, the Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and the GOS-Extended (GOS-E), have been criticized as suffering from ceiling effects. In...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2005.22.1319
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to an immunocompromised state responsible for an increased morbidity and mortality. Our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for this brain damage is incomplete. Damage maybe mediated by a complex cascade of neuroinflammation, and cytokine activation. In addition, trans...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.962
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To test if observed vs. expected mortality differs by age among traumatic brain injury (TBI) cases, a population-based, historical cohort study was conducted in Olmsted County, Minnesota. From all residents with any diagnosis suggestive of TBI 1985-1999, we randomly sampled 7,800 and reviewed their medical records to ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.0119
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite limited evidence to support the use of amantadine to enhance cognitive function after traumatic brain injury (TBI), the clinical use for this purpose is highly prevalent and is often based on inferred belief systems. The aim of this study was to assess effect of amantadine on cognition among individuals with a...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5767
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Midcervical contusion injuries disrupt descending ipsilateral excitatory bulbospinal projections to phrenic motoneurons, compromising ventilation. We hypothesized that a unilateral contusion injury at C3 versus C5 would differentially impact phrenic activity reflecting more prominent disruption of ipsilateral descendi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4054
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper encompasses the prediction of early and late recovery from traumatic brain injury (TBI). Predictors of the duration of coma and the utilization of posttraumatic amnesia duration to predict residual memory function are discussed. The issues surrounding prediction of long-term neurobehavioral recovery from TB...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.1995.12.913
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microarray-based transcriptional profiling was used to determine the effect of progesterone in the cortical contusion (CCI) model. Gene ontology (GO) analysis then evaluated the effect of dose on relevant biological pathways. Treatment (vehicle, progesterone 10 mg/kg or 20 mg/kg given i.p.) was started 4 h post-injury...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1911
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early decompression may improve neurological outcome after spinal cord injury (SCI), but is often difficult to achieve because of logistical issues. The aims of this study were to 1) determine the time to decompression in cases of isolated cervical SCI in Australia and New Zealand and 2) determine where substantial de...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.4207
更新日期:2016-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine sensitivity of the cortical impact injury model of traumatic brain injury (TBI) to severity of injury and to treatment. We examined the pattern of motor and cognitive deficits and recovery following TBI over a range of injury severities, and examined the efficacy of surface-induced moderate hypo...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08977150150502604
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To compare the effect of levodopa-carbidopa on the visual outcome of patients with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy (ITON), this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted on 32 patients with ITON within 6 days after trauma. Patients underwent a complete ocular examination, pattern visual evok...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1362
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a study to evaluate the degree of corticospinal tract (CST) dysfunction associated with diffuse axonal injury (DAI) through analyses of both diffusion-tensor magnetic resonance imaging (DTMRI) and motor-evoked potential (MEP). Using DTMRI and MEP with transcranial magnetic stimulation, we evaluated 138 in...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.0073
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In human diffuse axonal injury (DAI), axons are exposed to transient tensile strain. Over the ensuing several hours, injured axons enter a "pathological cascade" of events that lead to secondary axotomy. Use of animal models of traumatic axonal injury (TAI) has allowed description of a number of pathological changes b...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1999.16.1225
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prognostic biomarkers for post-injury outcome are necessary for the development of neuroprotective and antiepileptogenic treatments for traumatic brain injury (TBI). We hypothesized that T2 relaxation magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predicts the progression of perilesional cortical pathology and epileptogenesis. The ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6796
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic injury to the central nervous system (CNS) is accompanied by the spreading damage of secondary degeneration, resulting in further loss of neurons and function. Partial transection of the optic nerve (ON) has been used as a model of secondary degeneration, in which axons of retinal ganglion cells in the ventr...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1426
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) evokes diffuse (traumatic) axonal injury (TAI), which contributes to morbidity and mortality. Damaged axons display progressive alterations gradually evolving to axonal disconnection. In severe TAI, the tensile forces of injury lead to a focal influx of Ca2+, initiating a series of proteol...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771503321532842
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the most acute degenerative pathologies in the central nervous system, and in vivo indices enabling an assessment of TBI on a mechanistic basis have yet to be established. The aim of this work was to pursue neuroinflammatory changes and their link to functional disruptions of tra...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2009.1196
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00