Abstract:
:We evaluated in rats, the time course of changes in extracellular levels of amino acids, lactate and pyruvate, which ensued spinal cord compression of mild, moderate, and severe degrees. The neurochemical findings measured by HPLC were compared with known outcome measures of this model. A laminectomy of vertebrae Th7 and Th8 was made and a microdialysis probe was inserted in one dorsal horn. Fluid samples were collected at intervals of 10 min. Dialysate lactate and lactate/pyruvate ratios increased in proportion to the severity of injury, suggesting a progressive derangement of energy metabolism. Mild trauma, with no neurologic deficits, did not induce any remarkable change of amino acids, but taurine values were temporarily slightly elevated. Moderate trauma, leading to transient paraparesis, resulted in a transient rise of glutamate and taurine. Severe trauma resulting in paraplegia of the hind limbs induced profound changes of extracellular amino acids. Glutamate and aspartate rose 5-6 times above basal level. There were marked elevations of taurine, glycine, arginine, alanine, asparagine, histidine, serine, threonine, and tyrosine after this degree of trauma. Glutamate, aspartate, and taurine returned to the basal level within 50 min, whereas most of the other amino acids remained elevated throughout the experiment. Thus, we found profound disturbances of extracellular amino acids and energy metabolites. The elevations of glutamate and aspartate correlated with previously recorded data on neurological outcome. The composition of the early extracellular edema showed marked temporal changes related to the severity of impact. Future studies regarding treatment of traumatic edema should focus on its chemical composition as well as its volume since such edema is not uniform in composition.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
Farooque M,Hillered L,Holtz A,Olsson Ydoi
10.1089/neu.1996.13.537subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-09-01 00:00:00pages
537-48issue
9eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score is used in clinical practice for patient assessment and communication among clinicians and also in outcome prediction models such as the Trauma and Injury Severity Score (TRIS). The objective of this study is to determine which GCS subscore is best associated with outcome, taking tim...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2438
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single dose of an alpha1-noradrenergic antagonist transiently reinstates hemiplegia after recovery from brain injury, which suggests that noradrenaline (NA) is required to maintain recovery. No systematic studies have determined the postinjury duration of this vulnerability. This study used a within-subject, dose-re...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08977150151070955
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has demonstrated success as a biomarker of spinal cord injury (SCI) severity as shown from numerous pre-clinical studies. However, artifacts from stabilization hardware at the lesion have precluded its use for longitudinal assessments. Previous research has documented ex vivo diffusion c...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5964
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) has been shown to protect cranial and spinal motoneurons, which suggests potential uses of GDNF in the treatment of spinal cord injury (SCI) and motor neuron disease. We examined neuroprotective effect of cationic liposome-mediated GDNF gene transfer in vivo on axonal...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/089771502760341983
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuropathic pain and motor deficits are detrimental consequences of injury to the spinal cord. In experimental settings, numerous neuroprotective agents are being explored for their therapeutic benefits. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an interesting candidate molecule in this respect since it is not only...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1484
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) has several different actions in the nervous system. Numerous studies have shown its neuroprotective effects both in vitro and in vivo. Previously, it has been demonstrated that PACAP reduces brain damage in rat models of global and focal cerebral ischemia. Ba...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.686
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A better understanding of long-term functional recovery process for patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) facilitates effective rehabilitations. The aim of this study was to classify and characterize patients with moderate-to-severe TBI based on their functional trajectories up to 5 years post-injury. The study i...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5299
更新日期:2018-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::The role of Ca2+ in cellular injury has received particular attention in studies of acute spinal cord trauma. In this context, the spatial and temporal distribution of extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]e) may have an important bearing on the development of secondary tissue injury. We therefore studied the spatial-temporal dis...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.1994.11.255
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surviving motoneurons undergo dendritic atrophy after spinal cord injury (SCI), suggesting an important therapeutic target for neuroprotective strategies to improve recovery of function after SCI. Our previous studies showed that phospholipase A2 (PLA2) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of SCI. In the pre...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3690
更新日期:2014-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Penetrating traumatic brain injury (PTBI) is one of the major cause of death and disability worldwide. Previous studies with penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI), a PTBI rat model revealed widespread perilesional neurodegeneration, similar to that seen in humans following gunshot wound to the head, which is ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2016.4602
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blast injury to the brain is one of the major causes of death and can also significantly affect cognition and physical and psychological skills in survivors of blast. The complex mechanisms via which blast injury causes impairment of cognition and other symptoms are poorly understood. In this study, we investigated th...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1591
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract Although several functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have been conducted in human models of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), to date no studies have explicitly examined how injury may differentially affect both the positive phase of the hemodynamic response function (HRF) as well as the po...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3069
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although mild therapeutic hypothermia is an effective neuroprotective strategy for cardiac arrest/resuscitated patients, and asphyxic newborns, recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have equally shown good neurological outcome between targeted temperature management at 33 °C versus 36 °C, and have not shown consi...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3197
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the worldwide adverse impact of traumatic brain injury (TBI) on the human population, its diagnosis and prediction are of utmost importance. Historically, many studies have focused on associating head kinematics to brain injury risk. Recently, there has been a push toward using computationally expensive finite e...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6340
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycosylation is a fundamental cellular process that has a dramatic impact on the functionality of glycoconjugates such as proteins or lipids and mediates many different biological interactions including cell migration, cellular signaling, and synaptic interactions in the nervous system. In spinal cord injury (SCI), a...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2019.6974
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Predicting outcome after pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI) is important for providing information to families and prescribing rehabilitation services. Previously published studies evaluating the ability of serum biomarkers to predict outcome after pediatric TBI have focused on three markers: neuron-specific enola...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1989
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a principal cause of long-term physical, cognitive, behavioral, and social deficits in young adults, which frequently coexist with a high incidence of substance abuse disorders. However, few studies have examined the long-term effects of TBI on the neuroendocrine-immune system. TBI was ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2006.23.1802
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability. Yet, despite immense research efforts, treatment options remain elusive. Translational failures in TBI are often attributed to the heterogeneity of the TBI population and limited methods to capture these individual variabilities. Advances in mach...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7357
更新日期:2021-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::The present study tested a hypothesis that early identification of injury severity with quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides biomarkers for predicting increased seizure susceptibility and epileptogenesis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). TBI was induced by lateral fluid percussion injury (FPI) in a...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2012.2815
更新日期:2013-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::We explored the effects of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) replacement on physical and cognitive functioning in subjects with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) with abnormal growth hormone (GH) secretion. Fifteen individuals who sustained a TBI at least 12 months prior to study enrollment were ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2016.4552
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although sleep-wake disturbances are prevalent and well described after traumatic brain injury, their pathophysiology remains unclear, most likely because human traumatic brain injury is a highly heterogeneous entity that makes the systematic study of sleep-wake disturbances in relation to trauma-induced histological ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2017.5067
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is now generally accepted that excitotoxic cell death involves bioenergetic failure resulting from the cycling of Ca2+ and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by mitochondria. Both Ca2+ cycling and ROS formation by mitochondria are dependent on the mitochondrial membrane potential (Deltapsi(m)) that res...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2005.22.1142
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytokine measurement directly from the brain parenchyma by means of microdialysis has documented the activation of certain procedures in vivo, after brain trauma in humans. However, the intercalation of the micro-catheter insertion with the phenomena triggered by the head trauma renders the assessment of the findings ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1790
更新日期:2011-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Whether the volume effect of the hematoma and increase of intracranial pressure (ICP) or the local effect of blood are responsible for this severe pathophysiology is unclear. Therefore, we compared subdural infusion of autologous blood and...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2016.4464
更新日期:2017-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Progesterone is an anti-inflammatory and promyelinating agent after spinal cord injury, but its effectiveness on functional recovery is still controversial. In the current study, we tested the effects of chronic progesterone administration on tissue preservation and functional recovery in a clinically relevant model o...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2013.3162
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of this study were to assess the trajectories of community integration in individuals with traumatic brain injury (TBI) through one, two, and five years post-injury and to examine whether those trajectories could be predicted by demographic and injury characteristics. A longitudinal cohort study was conducted...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3844
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rodent models of spinal cord injury are critical for the development of treatments for upper limb motor impairment in humans, but there are few methods for measuring forelimb strength of rodents, an important outcome measure. We developed a novel robotic device--the Robotic Rehabilitator of the Rodent Upper Extremity ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2015.3987
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative energy metabolism is depressed after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) during early development, accompanied by behavioral debilitation and secondary neuronal death. A TBI metabolome analysis revealed broad effects with a striking impact on energy metabolism. Our studies on mitochondrial modulators ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/neu.2018.6100
更新日期:2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Improving survival and brain function after initial resuscitation from cardiac arrest remains a critical challenge with few therapeutic options. The publication of several randomized controlled trials supporting the use of therapeutic hypothermia in cardiac arrest survivors has provided a remarkable opportunity to red...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2008.0588
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this systematic review was to critically evaluate the evidence on interventions for depression following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and provide recommendations for clinical practice and future research. We reviewed pharmacological, other biological, psychotherapeutic, and rehabilitation interventions for ...
journal_title:Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/neu.2009.1091
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00