Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:Psychotropic drug use among nursing home residents with regard to diagnostic indications and patient- and institution characteristics was analysed. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of medication data from 1552 residents at 23 nursing homes in Bergen, Norway, was performed. Psychotropic drug use (neuroleptics, anxiolytics, hypnotics, antidepressants, and two sedative antihistamines) was analysed with regard to prevalence, diagnostic indications, duration of use, and general patient- and institution characteristics. RESULTS:Psychotropic drugs were taken on a daily schedule by 59% of all residents, most commonly as long-term treatment. Antidepressants (in 70% selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors) were used by 31%, neuroleptics by 23%, and benzodiazepines by 22% of all the residents. Neuroleptics were given for non-psychotic behavioural and psychological symptoms in 66% of the cases. Sleeping disorders were most commonly treated with long-acting benzodiazepine hypnotics. Psychotropic drug use decreased with increasing patient age. Drug use patterns varied greatly between the different nursing homes: the prevalence of neuroleptic use varied from 0 to 61% of the residents, and antidepressant use varied from 10 to 63%. In nursing homes providing relatively more physician staff time, the residents were more likely to use antidepressants. CONCLUSIONS:Psychotropic drugs are used by a majority of nursing home residents as long-term symptomatic treatment. The great variations between the institutions can only to a small extent be explained by quantitative differences between the institutions.
journal_name
Eur J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
European journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Ruths S,Straand J,Nygaard HAdoi
10.1007/s002280100348subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-09-01 00:00:00pages
523-8issue
6-7eissn
0031-6970issn
1432-1041journal_volume
57pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:In a double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, cross-over study 12 healthy male volunteers were allocated to receive felodipine + placebo, cyclosporine + placebo, and felodipine + cyclosporine in order to investigate the interaction between the calcium channel blocker felodipine and cyclosporine as it aff...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050093
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotine chewing gum (Nicorette 4 mg) and an identical placebo gum were administered on different days, in a double-blind cross over fashion, to 4 men, aged 25-52 years, and 4 women, aged 21-49 years, all healthy non-smokers. The subjects chewed the gum for 30 min and heart rate, blood pressure, electrocardiogram, fin...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00613610
更新日期：1982-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single dose of 60 mg trimetazidine (the normal daily dose) improved exercise capacity in angina pectoris, as reflected by an increase in the duration of exercise, total work performed, and improvement in ECG signs of ischaemia. All these effects occurred without any detectable chronotropic or vasomotor effect. The i...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00544569
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Intravenous (IV) magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) is used as adjunct therapy to treat acute asthma exacerbations. Despite its clinical use, there is a limited understanding of the disposition of magnesium in children. METHODS:To explore the pharmacokinetics (PK) of IV MgSO4 in this population, we collected retrospect...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-016-2165-3
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ple 1053 (Azosemid) is a diuretic which resembles furosemide chemically and in its mode of action. When administered intravenously, Ple 1053 was approximately 5 times more potent on a weight basis than furosemide, its dose-response relationship was closer and the slope was steeper. After oral administration Ple 1053 a...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02089953
更新日期：1978-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Unstable angina is a clinical syndrome characterized by increased rate and severity of angina pectoris attacks and, sometimes but not always, accompanied by ECG changes similar to those seen in coronary insufficiency. According to the present conception of the pathogenesis, ruptures at points of high-grade stenosis in...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF01417569
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The clearance of chlordiazepoxide from the systemic circulation was studied in 20 subjects which included 15 patients with alcoholic hepatitis and 5 normal volunteers. The half-life for the appearance of the drug in the systemic circulation was found to increase exponentially with age (r = 0.73, P less than 0.0005) an...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00562805
更新日期：1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Nafamostat mesilate, a potent protease inhibitor, is widely used for the treatment of pancreatitis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and as an anticoagulant in haemodialysis. However, hyperkalaemia associated with nafamostat mesilate has been reported. It is thought to be due to decreased urinary potass...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050176
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to examine whether educational meetings and group detailing could increase the use of drugs from the ward lists or the drug formulary in hospitals. METHODS:Twelve medical wards from two hospitals were randomized into three groups: control, basic and extended intervention. All wards ha...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-013-1589-2
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In eight patients with uncomplicated non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus, serum insulin levels, serum C-peptide levels and blood glucose levels were measured before and after oral administration of glibenclamide 0.1 mg/kg body weight and a test meal, or after a test meal alone. The rise in serum insulin levels per...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00265847
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seven healthy women chronically (greater than 6 months) treated with oral contraceptives and 7 age- and weight-matched female controls were studied. Each subject was given 20 mg fluocortolone orally and the plasma concentrations of total and unbound fluocortolone in multiple samples obtained during the following 24 h ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00555517
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The incidence of osteoporosis-related fractures will increase substantially over the coming decades as the population ages globally. This has important economic and public health implications, contributing substantially to morbidity and excess mortality in this population. METHODS:When prescribing for older pa...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00228-011-0999-2
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal and umbilical serum concentrations of atenolol, a hydrophilic, cardioselective beta-adrenoceptor antagonist, were studied at delivery in seven cases of pregnancy hypertension. The drug had been administered to each patient for at least one week. Atenolol was detected in both maternal and umbilical serum in si...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00607437
更新日期：1978-11-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Postural and isometric handgrip tests were performed on nine patients with panic disorder and 13 patients with major depression before and after treatment with imipramine for a mean duration of 10 weeks. There were significant increases in resting supine heart rate (HR), systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures (S...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00265972
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate the possible effect of quinidine on digoxin bioavailability, the steady state digoxin kinetics was examined with and without concomitant quinidine therapy, in 7 cardiac patients after simultaneous administration of oral digoxin and intravenous [3H]-digoxin. In the presence of quinidine, the absorption rate...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00613925
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Concomitant treatment with the glucose-lowering drug metformin and the platelet aggregation inhibitor dipyridamole often occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have suffered a cerebrovascular event. The gastrointestinal uptake of metformin is mediated by the human equilibrative nucleoside transpor...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00228-016-2039-8
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the impact of the two most common CYP2C9 variant alleles (*2 and *3) on the maintenance dose of warfarin and on the quality of anticoagulation control in Brazilians. METHODS:Patients (n = 103) initiated warfarin therapy with 5 mg/day (or 2.5 mg/day when over 80 years old). The international norma...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-007-0385-2
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:After liver transplantation (LT), genotypic differences between the recipient and the transplanted liver, medications and post-LT complications may all affect drug metabolism. We have studied the effect of two CYP2D6 mutations in the donor and the recipient on post-LT CYP2D6 phenotype. METHOD:The CYP2D6 phen...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280050419
更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a target group, geriataric patients were selected for pharmacokinetic studies with terodiline (Mictrol), an anticholinergic and calcium antagonist drug effective in the treatment of urinary incontinence. The single-dose kinetics in the geriatric patients (mean age 82 years) differed significantly from that previous...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00540958
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of an oral dose of atropine (0.03 mg/kg body weight) and an IM (0.02 mg/kg) dose on the heart rate and salivary flow in seven healthy adult volunteers were compared to see whether the oral dose was sufficient to inhibit vagal reflexes of the heart. Atropine concentrations in plasma were determined by an M2...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00192357
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thirty patients with mild or moderate essential hypertension, and a fixed elevation of diastolic blood pressure, were randomly allocated to three groups and treated with propranolol 40 mg x 4 (Group 1), 80 mg x 4 (group 2) and 160 mg x 4 (Group 3). Blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR), plasma renin activity (PRA), pla...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00618774
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eight patients were given flunitrazepam 2 mg orally, once daily for 28 consecutive days. The time-course of the plasma concentration of unchanged flunitrazepam and its principal metabolites were studied in detail after the first and last doses. Additional blood samples were collected immediately before administration ...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00561899
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether an association between the use of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants and abnormal bleeding is demonstrated in a large population study. METHODS:An observational cohort study using cohorts from the Drug Safety Research Unit's prescription event monitoring data...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002280100263
更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study is to validate medication proxies for the identification of children diagnosed with atopic disorders that can be applied in various types of epidemiological research. METHODS:Records of 7439 children, aged between 0 and 10 years, in the period 2001 until 2010, were retrieved from the Regi...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-015-1940-x
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Propranolol (P) and all of its major known metabolites were found in maternal plasma, cord plasma and neonatal plasma in 10 women at term, irrespective of the P doses administered and the time elapsed (up to 15 h) between administration of the last P dose and delivery. The ratios of cord plasma to simultaneous materna...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF00607078
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carvedilol and nitrendipine were given for 12 weeks in a double-blind study to 81 elderly patients (greater than or equal to 60 years) with essential hypertension. The effects on blood pressure were measured (Riva Rocci) before medication and after 2 h with the patient in a lying and standing position after 4 weeks of...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF01409490
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The goal of this study was to determine the frequencies of important allelic variants of two drug targets, dipeptidyl carboxypeptidase ( DCP1) and cholesteryl ester transfer protein ( CETP), and two other drug receptors, beta-2 adrenergic receptor ( ADRB2) and 5-hydroxy tryptamine 2A receptor ( HTR2A), in the...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00228-002-0423-z
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The plasma kinetics of timolol administered orally and intravenously to 5 male subjects were examined. Bioavailability was reduced by 25% when the drug was taken orally. Mean plasma half-life after oral dosing was 4.86 h, and after intravenous administration it was 4.56 h; the difference was not significant. The volum...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00716385
更新日期：1978-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the effects of itraconazole, a potent inhibitor of CYP3A4, on the pharmacokinetics of cerivastatin, a competitive 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor. METHODS:A randomized, double-blind, cross-over study design with two phases, which were separated by a washout pe...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s002280050566
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin in normal male volunteers was studied during the states of bedrest, sleep and ambulation. The absorption and disposition of amoxycillin in ambulatory subjects was found to be comparable to that reported previously by other workers. Serum amoxycillin concentrations were found to be s...
journal_title：European journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00561587
更新日期：1980-08-01 00:00:00
