Abstract:
:The objective of this study was to determine if single/double strand DNA breaks could be induced by monocrotophos (organophosphorus pesticide) in mice in vivo using the comet assay. Mice were dosed orally with 0.046, 0.093, 0.186, 0.373 and 0.746 mg/kg body weight of monocrotophos, and the assay was performed on whole blood after 24, 48 and 72 h. A significant increase in mean comet tail length indicating DNA damage was observed at 24 and 48 h post-treatment with monocrotophos when compared to controls. A decrease in the mean tail length was observed at 72 h post-treatment indicating repair of the damaged DNA. The mean tail length showed a dose-related increase and time dependent decrease. The study reveals that comet assay is a sensitive and rapid method to detect genotoxicity of monocrotophos.
journal_name
Drug Chem Toxicoljournal_title
Drug and chemical toxicologyauthors
Mahboob M,Rahman MF,Danadevi K,Banu BS,Grover Pdoi
10.1081/dct-100108472subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-02-01 00:00:00pages
65-74issue
1eissn
0148-0545issn
1525-6014journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In the subchronic study acrylic acid was incorporated in the drinking water of Fischer 344 rats (15 per group) for three months at dosage levels of 0.75, 0.25, 0.083 or 0 g/kg/day. No deaths occurred during the study but several treatment-related effects were observed. At 0.75 g/kg/day dosage level, body weight gain w...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548309072459
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albino mice (8-10 wks) weighing between 14 and 25 g were divided into 2 groups and dosed orally once per week with 2 doses (7 mg/kg and 21 mg/kg) of the gut-stimulating principle in Croton penduliflorus seeds (CP crystals) for 12 weeks. Some mice (3-4) from each group were killed at 10 days intervals for the first 6 w...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548908999146
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed possible adverse immunological effects of trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (DCE) on random-bred CD-1 mice following 14 and 90 days of exposure. A 14-day range-finding study was performed on male mice by gavage at doses 1/10 and 1/100 the LD50 (210 and 21 mg/kg). No alterations in either humoral or cell-m...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548509041066
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::p-Octopamine occurs naturally in plants, invertebrates and animals with diverse functions and effects. This review summarizes the chemistry, metabolism, receptor binding characteristics, known physiological functions, and pharmacological and toxicological effects of p-octopamine. Databases used included PubMed and Goo...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3109/01480545.2014.900069
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phospholipidosis is the excessive accumulation of intracellular phospholipids in cell lysosomes. Drugs that induce this disease often share common physiochemical properties and are collectively classified as cationic amphiphilic drugs (CADs). Although the cause of phospholipidosis and morphologic appearance of affecte...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-39743
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies have demonstrated that benzodiazepine compounds are effective at antagonizing seizure activity produced by the organophosphate (OP) cholinesterase inhibitor soman. In this present study we have investigated the pharmacokinetics of midazolam and its associated effects on electroencephalographic (EEG) activity f...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1081/dct-120030727
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Captan fungicide (N-(trichloromethylthio)-4-cyclohexene-1,2-dicarboximide) metabolism in two human volunteers rapidly yields THPI (tetrahydrophthalimide) and TTCA (thiazolidine-2-thione-4-carboxylic acid). The work was done to evaluate usefulness of TTCA and THPI as biomarkers of occupational exposure and to compare h...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549309031997
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to investigate possible interference of Xenobiotics with SUMOylation in eukaryotic cells. To begin with, we docked 71 chemical structures from PubChem with human SUMO1 and UBC9 protein structures using Auto Dock 4.2 and Hex 6.3 and selected five compounds for binding studies in Surface Plasmon ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1526179
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 1-year chronic toxicity study was conducted in which rhesus monkeys (4/sex/dose) were given daily doses of 0, 3, 10, or 25 mg zatosetron/kg by nasogastric intubation. Clinical signs of toxicity characterized by salivation, diarrhea or soft stools, and/or emesis occurred in animals that received 10 or 25 mg/kg of zat...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549509017858
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Celecoxib has been shown to have an antitumor effect in previous studies, but the mechanisms are unclear. Ca(2+) is a key second messenger in most cells. The effect of celecoxib on cytosolic free Ca(2+) concentrations ([Ca(2+)](i)) in human suspended PC3 prostate cancer cells was explored by using fura-2 as a fluoresc...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2011.638927
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has suggested that endogenous sulfhydryls, such as glutathione (GSH) and cysteine, are involved in the uptake and toxicity of HgCl2. To study this possibility, uptake and toxicity of synthesized Hg(SG)2, Hg(cysteinylglycine)2 [Hg(CYS-GLY)2] and Hg(CYS)2 were investigated in rabbit renal proximal tubule s...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549909017838
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pefloxacin is a second-generation fluoroquinolone antibiotic. Besides its advantageous characteristics, side effects including the hypofunction of salivary glands, decreased saliva production, and peripheral neuropathy were observed during the administration of pefloxacin. The aim of this study was to investigate the ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1508217
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. is an ethnomedicinal tree of remedial value in the treatment of diabetes, bone fractures, and liver and neurological disorders. However, the information available on DNA-protective and anti-proliferative potential of bark of this tree is scarce. In the present study, the extract/fractions...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1497051
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a measure of glutathione (GSH) conjugation, urinary, fecal and biliary excretion of thioethers and hepatic GSH content were measured in rhesus monkeys following administration of single doses of naphthalene and diethylmaleate (DEM). Naphthalene had little or no effect on hepatic GSH content and the excretion of thi...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548209041057
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, coffee (CF) was evaluated for its protective effects against genotoxic damage and oxidative stress induced by the chemotherapeutic drug, cyclophosphamide (CPH). The sex-linked recessive lethal (SLRL) test was employed to study the induction of mutations in the larvae as well as in all the success...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1438457
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns that chemical warfare (CW) agents themselves or in combination with other chemicals may cause long-term damage to nerve and muscle are reviewed and discussed. Experiments on mice and hens underway with agent GA and pyridostigmine bromide (PB) and their effects (either separately or together) are presented. ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809007410
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various antioxidants play an important role in reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) by scavenging them directly or indirectly. Mercury (Hg) is one of the known hazardous genotoxicant, induces the genotoxicity by enhancing the ROS. In the present study, three structurally different bioactive compounds such as mel...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2014.975354
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Diplazium esculentum, a commonly consumed seasonal vegetable, has been reported to have some pathological effects in some animals. But, its effect on the male reproductive function has not yet been studied. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of boiled D. esculentum (BDE), the form which human consumes, on ma...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2016.1190739
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to aldehydes represents potential risks to human and animal health. Cyclic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, 2-furaldehyde, and paraldehyde were found to induce formation of stable DNA-protein cross-links (DPXs) in cultured human lymphoma cells. A relationship between increased cytotoxicity and DPX formation wa...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480540601017603
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medications show their biological effects by interaction with enzymes, which have been known to play an essential role in the pathogenesis of many diseases. Inhibition or induction of drug metabolizing enzymes has an essential place in the drug design for many kinds of diseases including cardiovascular, neurological, ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1620266
更新日期:2019-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::Doxorubicin (DOX), a highly active chemotherapeutic drug, faces limitations in clinical application due to severe cardiotoxic effects (mainly through increased oxidative stress). Therefore, its effect is exacerbated in subjects with ischemic heart disease. We have recently reported that saffron extract (SAF), a natura...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480545.2015.1036281
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::MG132, as a proteasome inhibitor, has been shown to induce apoptotic cell death through the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In this study, we investigated the effects of MG132 and/or MAPK inhibitors on As4.1 juxtaglomerular cells in relation to cell growth, cell death, ROS, and glutathione (GSH) levels. MG...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480540903483458
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperlipidemia causes lipotoxicity which prompts an inflammatory response linked to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Natural compounds have been receiving special attention for its potential to treat diseases, inexpensiveness, and safety. Guarana (Paullinia cupana) has demonstrated notable anti-inflammatory...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1624767
更新日期:2019-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegenerative diseases affect millions of people. Major reasons behind the onset and progression of these diseases are still under investigation. Therefore, any approach that would treat/prevent progression is important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the potential protective effects of Psephellus pyrrhobl...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2019.1659808
更新日期:2019-09-02 00:00:00
abstract::Many pharmaceuticals are administered to children and adults as sprays provided in nebulizers or metered-dose inhalers. Stress associated with possible eye irritation and injury attributable to exposure to vapors and particulates during the required safety testing procedures of such medicines is a potential confoundin...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549809002204
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rotenone, an environmental toxin, triggers Parkinson's disease (PD)-like pathology through microglia-mediated neuronal death. The effects and molecular mechanisms of flavonoid luteolin against rotenone-induced toxicity was assessed in microglial BV2 cells. Cells were pretreated with luteolin (1-50 µM) for 12 h and the...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2018.1504961
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pachira aquatica is a species used for medicinal and food purposes and has numerous phytochemicals that may have systemic toxic effects and damage to genetic material. This study aimed to evaluate acute and short-term oral toxicity, as well as genotoxic and clastogenic effects of oil extracted from P. aquatica (PASO) ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/01480545.2020.1845713
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Chemical pretreatment is effective against a 2 LD50 challenge of soman, sarin or VX or a 5 LD50 challenge of tabun. Chemical pretreatment followed by post challenge therapy should be effective against greater levels of agent. Such tests in guinea pigs are reported here; pretreatment regimens (PRGs) consisted of physos...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549209014157
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quantities of selenium, tar and nicotine present in mainstream (MS) and sidestream (SS) smoke of machine-smoked cigarettes was studied. The cigarettes were prepared from tobacco purposely cultured on fly ash-amended soil so as to increase its selenium concentration. Selenium concentration was found to be the same ...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480548709042980
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual observations were made to compare the pretreatment benefits of subacute (75 micrograms/hr, sc) and acute (146 micrograms/kg, im, at 30 min) deliveries of physostigmine salicylate (Phy) against 2 or 5 LD50s (60 or 150 micrograms/kg, sc) of soman in guinea pigs; scopolamine, 80 micrograms/kg, im, was given routin...
journal_title:Drug and chemical toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/01480549109017866
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00