Abstract:
:A transcriptional initiator (Inr) for mammalian RNA polymerase II can be defined as a DNA sequence element that overlaps a transcription start site and is sufficient for (i) determining the start site location in a promoter that lacks a TATA box and (ii) enhancing the strength of a promoter that contains a TATA box. We have prepared synthetic promoters containing random nucleotides downstream of Sp1 binding sites to determine the range of DNA sequences that convey Inr activity. Numerous sequences behaved as functional Inrs in an in vitro transcription assay, but the Inr activities varied dramatically. An examination of the functional elements revealed loose but consistent sequence requirements, with the approximate consensus sequence Py Py A+1 N T/A Py Py. Most importantly, almost every functional Inr that has been described fits into the consensus sequence that we have defined. Although several proteins have been reported to bind to specific Inrs, manipulation of those elements failed to correlate protein binding with Inr activity. The simplest model to explain these results is that all or most Inrs are recognized by a universal binding protein, similar to the functional recognition of all TATA sequences by the same TATA-binding protein. The previously reported proteins that bind near specific Inr elements may augment the strength of an Inr or may impart transcriptional regulation through an Inr.
journal_name
Mol Cell Bioljournal_title
Molecular and cellular biologyauthors
Javahery R,Khachi A,Lo K,Zenzie-Gregory B,Smale STdoi
10.1128/mcb.14.1.116subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
116-27issue
1eissn
0270-7306issn
1098-5549journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract::3'-end processing of nucleus-encoded mRNAs includes the addition of a poly(A) tail that is important for translation initiation. Since the vast majority of chloroplast mRNAs acquire their 3' termini by processing yet are not polyadenylated, we asked whether 3' end maturation plays a role in chloroplast translation. A ...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00993-14
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.4.9.1800
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.22.8548-8559.2000
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutagenesis studies have demonstrated the requirement for the CD28-responsive element (CD28RE) within the interleukin-2 (IL-2) promoter for transcriptional upregulation by CD28. Here, we demonstrate that CD28 responsiveness is conferred by a composite element containing both the CD28RE and the NF-IL-2B AP-1 sites (RE/...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2020-02-27 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.2.12.1481
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five mouse alpha-tubulin isotypes are described, each distinguished by the presence of unique amino acid substitutions within the coding region. Most, though not all of these isotype-specific amino acids, are clustered at the carboxy terminus. One of the alpha-tubulin isotypes described is expressed exclusively in tes...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.6.7.2409
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.11.1.102
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cDNAs derived from Xenopus laevis calmodulin mRNA have been cloned. Both cDNAs contain the complete protein-coding region and various lengths of untranslated segments. The two cDNAs encode an identical protein but differ from each other by 5% nucleotide substitutions. The 5' and 3' untranslated regions, to the ext...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.4.3.507
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Downregulation in expression of the c-myc proto-oncogene is an early molecular event in differentiation of murine C2C12 myoblasts into multinucleated myotubes. During differentiation, levels of c-myc mRNA decrease 3- to 10-fold despite a lack of change in its transcription rate. To identify cis-acting elements that ta...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.17.5.2698
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.8.2.540
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription of meiosis-specific genes, as well as the initiation of meiosis, in the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends on IME1. IME1 encodes a transcriptional activator which lacks known DNA binding motifs. In this study we have determined the mode by which Ime1 specifically activates the transcripti...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.16.5.2518
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substitution of phenylalanine for tyrosine at codon 809 (Y809F) of the human colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) receptor (CSF-1R) impairs ligand-stimulated tyrosine kinase activity, prevents induction of c-MYC and cyclin D1 genes, and blocks CSF-1-dependent progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. We devis...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.17.12.7398
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.14.9.6068
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.9.11.5239
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.4.1243-1253.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.14.1.214
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.1.273-285.2000
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.14.6.4011
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00