Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Allergic rhinitis is common and on the rise. Antihistamines are the mainstay of treatment and are the most commonly prescribed drugs in Singapore. Treatment-related sedation and its effect on cognition are a major concern. First- and second-generation antihistamines show varying degrees of sedation, but to date, objective studies in children are lacking. The objective of this study was to assess the sedating effect of cetirizine (second-generation antihistamine) and chlorpheniramine (first-generation antihistamine) compared with placebo using an objective neurophysiological test. METHODS:This was a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, single-dose, 3-way crossover study. Twenty-four children aged 7 to 14 years with allergic rhinitis completed the study. All children were randomly allocated to medication sequences and received 3 different drugs on 3 different days, at least 1 week apart. The P300 event-related potential was used as an objective test of sedation. Subjective assessment was by a visual analog scale. RESULTS:Chlorpheniramine and cetirizine increased P300 latency when compared with baseline. No significant increase was obtained with placebo. The significant increase in P300 latency was not accompanied by significant change in subjective somnolence as measured by the visual analog scale. CONCLUSION:We have shown that cetirizine has sedative properties in children. The lack of correlation between P300 latency and the visual analog scale indicates that sedation induced by these drugs may not be subjectively noted.
journal_name
Pediatricsjournal_title
Pediatricsauthors
Ng KH,Chong D,Wong CK,Ong HT,Lee CY,Lee BW,Shek LPdoi
10.1542/peds.113.2.e116subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-02-01 00:00:00pages
e116-21issue
2eissn
0031-4005issn
1098-4275journal_volume
113pub_type
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